American Society of Clinical Oncology, May 30-June 4

2024-06-10

ASCO会议临床结果

The annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology was held from May 30 to June 4 in Chicago and hosted more than 34,000 participants from around the world, including clinicians, academicians, allied health professionals, and others interested in oncology. The conference featured the latest advances in clinical cancer research, including oral abstract presentations and poster presentations in disease-based and specialty tracks. Presentations focused on novel targeted therapies as well as improvements in chemotherapy and radiation therapy approaches.

In one study, Jefferson DeKloe, M.D., of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, and colleagues found that human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination reduces the risk for cervical cancer and precancerous dysplasia in female patients and may reduce the incidence of other HPV-associated cancers, including head and neck cancers in men.

The authors performed a retrospective cohort study using the data from the TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network. Patients aged 9 to 39 years who received any vaccine between Jan. 1, 2010, and Dec. 31, 2023, were included in the analysis. Patients were divided into two cohorts: those vaccinated for HPV at least five years prior and those with no history of HPV vaccination. The development of malignancies across various organ systems, including head and neck, cervix, anus and anal canal, penis, vulva, and vagina, was assessed.

The researchers observed lower rates of cervical cancer in female participants vaccinated for HPV compared with those not vaccinated. Furthermore, lower rates of head and neck cancer were observed in male patients vaccinated for HPV compared with those not vaccinated.

"There are still many variables that influence the risk of developing an HPV-associated cancer and future research may inform us what is causing the reduced incidence of head and neck cancers in HPV-vaccinated males," DeKloe said. "This work shows that the HPV-vaccination efforts in the United States may already have some apparent benefit measured through the reduction of HPV-associated cancers. Given the rise in HPV-related cancers in the past few decades, HPV vaccination is an important means of cancer prevention that should be emphasized for male and female patients in clinical practice."

One author disclosed a financial relationship with AstraZeneca.

Abstract No. 10507

In a large-scale comparative effectiveness trial across 22 cancer centers, Joseph Greer, M.D., of Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, and colleagues demonstrated equivalence for the effect of delivering early palliative care via video versus in-person visits on quality of life in patients with advanced lung cancer.

The authors focused on the use of video visits to deliver palliative care, as according to the authors, they require fewer clinical resources and may be a more efficient way for clinicians to provide care. The researchers also note that video visits save patients time and money compared with going to the hospital or clinic to meet with the clinician.

The trial included 1,250 patients, with 633 in the video-visit palliative care group and 617 in the in-person palliative care group. In addition, 548 caregivers (i.e., a family member or friend who was involved in the patient's care) were enrolled in the study. All patients who participated in the study received early palliative care that began soon after their diagnosis and continued throughout the course of their disease. Patients in both study groups had contact with the palliative care clinician every four weeks, with the visits occurring predominantly in clinic for those randomly assigned to in-person palliative care and via video visits for those assigned to telehealth palliative care.

The researchers found that medical care, such as palliative care, can be delivered through video visits and patients and their family caregivers receive the same quality-of-life benefits as with in-person palliative care. The two study groups also did not differ in their reported satisfaction with care or with respect to patient- and caregiver-reported mood symptoms.

"The equivalence of these modalities in a population with serious illness underscores the urgent need for clinicians, health care systems, and policymakers to expand equitable access to evidence-based palliative care and develop guidelines for a new standard of care that includes the broad adoption of telehealth services," Greer said.

Several authors disclosed ties to the biopharmaceutical industry.

Abstract No. LBA3

In a prospective study, Kimia Sorouri, M.D., of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Cancer Institute in Boston, and colleagues followed breast cancer survivors over 10 years to determine fertility outcomes in those attempting pregnancy, with the majority achieving pregnancy and most experiencing live births.

The authors evaluated women with stage 0 to III breast cancer included in the Young Women's Breast Cancer Study who reported attempting pregnancy postdiagnosis (1,213 eligible female participants, including 197 reporting any attempt of pregnancy). The researchers found that 73 percent reported at least one pregnancy after diagnosis and 65 percent experienced at least one live birth after diagnosis.

"This is the first prospective study with greater than 10 years of follow-up to report fertility outcomes in young breast cancer survivors accounting for attempting pregnancy," the authors write. "Our findings can be incorporated into the counseling of young breast cancer patients and survivors, and highlight the need for accessibility of fertility preservation services for this population."

Several authors disclosed ties to the pharmaceutical, medical device, and medical technology industries.

Abstract No. 1518

ASCO: Germline Variation Does Not Predict Taxane Taxane-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

FRIDAY, June 7, 2024 -- Germline variation does not predict the risk of taxane taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in Black women receiving paclitaxel (once weekly) or docetaxel (every three weeks) for early-stage breast cancer, according to a study published online June 3 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: Ivonescimab Improves Progression-Free Survival in EGFR+ Lung Cancer EGFR+ Lung Cancer

THURSDAY, June 6, 2024 -- For patients with non-small cell lung cancer with the epidermal growth factor receptor variant, ivonescimab plus chemotherapy improves progression-free survival, according to a study published online May 31 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: Osimertinib Improves Progression-Free Survival in EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer

WEDNESDAY, June 5, 2024 -- For patients with unresectable stage III EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer, treatment with osimertinib results in significantly longer progression-free survival, according to a study published online June 2 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: Neoadjuvant Ipilimumab + Nivolumab Ups Survival in Resectable Melanoma

WEDNESDAY, June 5, 2024 -- Neoadjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab followed by surgery results in longer event-free survival than surgery followed by adjuvant nivolumab among patients with resectable, macroscopic stage III melanoma, according to a study published online June 2 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: Asciminib Has Superior Efficacy to TKIs for Newly Diagnosed Leukemia

WEDNESDAY, June 5, 2024 -- For patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia, asciminib shows superior efficacy and a favorable safety profile compared with investigator-selected tyrosine kinase inhibitors, according to a study published online May 31 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: Stepped-Care Model Noninferior to Early Palliative Care for Advanced Cancer

TUESDAY, June 4, 2024 -- For patients with advanced lung cancer, a stepped-care model with palliative care visits occurring at key points in patients' cancer trajectory is noninferior to early palliative care, according to a study published online June 2 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: Conjugated Equine Estrogen May Increase Risk for Ovarian Cancer

TUESDAY, May 28, 2024 -- Conjugated equine estrogen taken alone for menopause may increase the risk for developing and dying from ovarian cancer, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: Survivors of Early Breast Cancer Can Successfully Attempt Pregnancy

THURSDAY, May 23, 2024 -- Most survivors of stage 0 to III breast cancer who attempt pregnancy postdiagnosis are able to become pregnant and have a live birth, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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ASCO: HPV Vaccination Positively Affecting More Than Just Cervical Cancer Risk

THURSDAY, May 23, 2024 -- Human papillomavirus vaccination is associated with reduced odds of several types of HPV-related cancers, not just cervical cancer, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago.

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