A Pilot, Safety and Feasibility Trial of Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG), Low Dose Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Adalimumab and Exenatide in the Treatment of New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes

To assess whether there is a difference in endogenous insulin secretion, measured as stimulated C-peptide secretion (area under the curve during a 4-hour mixed meal tolerance test), at the 1 year visit, for study subjects receiving combinational therapy versus those receiving placebo. The study will also examine the effect of the proposed treatments on immunological outcomes, specifically proportion of regulatory T cells at the 1 year visit.

开始日期2025-01-01

申办/合作机构

University of Miami

[+1]

NCT05663515

/ RecruitingN/A

EXCEED - A Pan-European Post-Authorisation Safety Study: Risk of Pancreatic Cancer Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients Who Initiated Exenatide as Compared With Those Who Initiated Other Non-Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists Based Glucose Lowering Drugs

EXCEED is a non-interventional post-authorisation safety study aiming to assess the risk of developing pancreatic cancer among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who initiated exenatide compared to those who initiated other non-glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) based glucose lowering drugs (GLDs). Study data will be collected from secondary data sources across 7 European countries. The study will be conducted as a multi-country, long-term, retrospective, observational database study. Initiators of exenatide will be matched to initiators of non-GLP-1 RA based GLDs (comparator group) based on propensity score and calendar period of study entry. All analyses for pancreatic cancer will be conducted in the matched study population using an "intention-to-treat" approach. The study will use information from 8 data sources in 7 European countries (France, Spain, The United Kingdom, Finland, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden). Patients with T2DM, aged 18 years or older, who initiated treatment with exenatide or non-GLP-1 RA based GLDs during the study period, 2006 to 2023, will be included. Exposure to exenatide and non-GLP-1 RA based GLDs will be ascertained from recordings of prescriptions or insurance claims registrations as available in the different data sources. The outcome of pancreatic cancer will be defined as a primary diagnosis of pancreatic cancer during follow-up.

开始日期2024-09-30

申办/合作机构

AstraZeneca PLC

[+1]

NCT06252623

/ Recruiting临床1期IIT

A Human Laboratory Study of Exenatide for Reducing the Reinforcing Effects of Cocaine

This study will determine the safety and tolerability of exenatide (Bydureon®) as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine use disorder. An inpatient human laboratory study will be conducted in which the self-administration of cocaine, as well as the subjective and physiological effects of cocaine, are evaluated during maintenance on placebo and exenatide.
Although exenatide (Bydureon) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, it has not been approved by the FDA to treat cocaine use; therefore, it is called an investigational drug.

开始日期2024-08-01

申办/合作机构

Baylor College of Medicine

100 项与艾塞那肽相关的临床结果

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100 项与艾塞那肽相关的转化医学

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100 项与艾塞那肽相关的专利（医药）

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4,657

项与艾塞那肽相关的文献（医药）

2025-12-01·Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

Special Considerations in the Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Review

作者: Friedman, Deborah I

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:

To review the management of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) with co-existing conditions affecting therapy: obesity, sulfa allergy, nephrolithiasis, and pregnancy.

RECENT FINDINGS:

The IIH-WT trial showed that bariatric surgery is currently the most effective method for obese patients with IIH to lose weight, leading to normalization of CSF pressure in many cases. Allergy to sulfonamide antibiotics does not preclude the use of acetazolamide; rather, penicillin allergy or multiple drug allergies are the strongest predictor of a hypersensitivity reaction. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors should be avoided in individuals with a personal history of nephrolithiasis; the risk of renal stones increases with concomitant use of other medications with the potential for nephrolithiasis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonists (GLP-1RA) are promising non-surgical weight loss options although preliminary studies have not demonstrated considerable impact on papilledema, headache or vision. Women with IIH have high rates of pregnancy complications partly related to obesity. Recommendations for weight gain or loss during gestation are controversial. Recent studies show better outcomes in obese women who maintain or lose weight while pregnant including gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia and emergency caesarian section. Progress continues in the search for the cause and best treatments for IIH. Larger multicenter trials of GLP-1RA are needed to determine their efficacy.

2025-07-01·NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Exogenous oral application of PYY and exendin-4 impacts upon taste-related behavior and taste perception in wild-type mice

Article

作者: S, Zolotukhin ; S, Iyer ; Jp, Montmayeur ; C D, Dotson

Several gut peptides have been implicated in feeding and body mass accumulation. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) have been shown to mediate satiety and reduce food intake. While systemic administration of such peptides has been explored as a therapy for metabolic disease, the effects of these hormones on taste signaling should also be considered given the importance of taste to feeding decisions and considering the fact that components of these signaling systems are expressed in cells of the peripheral gustatory system. We previously demonstrated that genetic disruption of PYY signaling in mice can impact on taste responsiveness and feeding and that viral expression of PYY in the salivary glands of PYY knockout mice can rescue responsiveness. The present work uses adeno-associated virus-mediated salivary gland treatment with both GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 and/or PYY encoding vectors to explore the effect of stimulating these orally present signaling systems on taste-related behavioral responsiveness in male wild-type mice with intact peptide signaling systems. Results showed a significant effect of salivary gland treatment on responsiveness to multiple taste qualities. Data gathered from taste bud cells in vitro suggest that these peptides directly influence the responsiveness of these primary sensory cells. Collectively, these findings show that taste perception can be modulated by the exogenous application of satiety peptides in wild-type mice and suggest that the taste bud is a promising substrate for food intake modulation.

2025-06-01·AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

The Effect of Semaglutide and GLP-1 RAs on Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Article

作者: Talcott, Katherine E ; Allan, Kevin C ; Nahlawi, Raya ; Kaelber, David C ; Singh, Rishi P ; Shaia, Jacqueline K ; Abbass, Nadia J

PURPOSE:

The association between GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) remains unclear. Given the debilitating sequelae of NAION and rapid increase of GLP-1RA use, further research is essential to investigate this potential relationship. This study seeks to determine the risk of NAION and ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) in patients prescribed GLP-1RAs.

DESIGN:

Retrospective matched cohort study.

SETTING:

TriNetX United States collaborative network.

PARTICIPANTS:

Patients ≥12 years old with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and considered overweight or obese (high BMI), with at least one ophthalmology or neurology visit. Among T2DM patients, approximately 120,000 patients with a semaglutide prescription and 220,000 prescribed any GLP-1RA were compared to matched T2DM controls. Among high BMI patients, approximately 58,000 on semaglutide and 66,000 on any GLP-1RA were compared to matched controls.

METHODS:

Patients prescribed semaglutide or any GLP-1RA were compared with those on non-GLP-1RA medications. Populations were propensity matched (1:1) on various demographic and risk factors to balance baseline cohorts.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:

Cumulative incidence and risk of NAION and ION. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported, with significance defined as CI <0.9 or > 1.1.

RESULTS:

In T2DM patients prescribed semaglutide, the risk of NAION (RR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.523-0.937) and ION (RR = 0.788, 95% CI: 0.609-1.102) after 5 years was not significantly increased compared to matched T2DM controls. Similarly, T2DM patients on any GLP-1RA demonstrated no significant difference in the risk of NAION (RR = 0.887, 95% CI: 0.735-1.071) or ION (RR = 0.969, 95% CI: 0.813-1.154) compared to controls. Furthermore, no increased risk of either outcome was found in the high BMI groups prescribed semaglutide or any GLP-1RA. The cumulative 5-year risk of NAION and ION in T2DM patients on semaglutide was 0.065% and 0.08%, respectively. In those with high BMI prescribed semaglutide, the risk of NAION and ION after 2 years was 0.038% and 0.404%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

There was no significant increase in risk of NAION or ION in patients taking semaglutide or GLP-1RAs compared to T2DM or high BMI controls.

340

项与艾塞那肽相关的新闻（医药）

2025-03-13

·乐威医药

GLP-1药物现实世界有效性最新研究

GLP-1药物在经历了过去两年的大红大紫之后，随后可能将进入拓展适应症的阶段。最新发表在Nature Medicine上的一篇文章，通过探索性方法，系统评估了GLP-1药物的使用对175种健康结局的影响。这项研究通过美国退伍军人事务部的医疗数据库，纳入了215970名GLP-1用户，并与使用磺酰脲类药物、二肽基肽酶4（DPP4）抑制剂、钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）抑制剂以及继续使用非GLP-1降糖药物的对照组进行比较。结果显示，GLP-1使用者的随访中位时间为3.68年，总随访时间达723万9854人年。这项研究为GLP-1的临床应用和未来研究提供了最新的见解。研究发现，GLP-1使用与42项（24.00%）适应症的风险降低相关，19项（10.86%）的风险增加相关，而114项（65.14%）结局没有发现具有统计学意义的相关性。 GLP-1的有效性领域研究揭示了GLP-1对神经系统的有效性证据。使用GLP-1与多种神经系统疾病的风险降低相关，包括：酒精使用障碍（风险比（HR）0.89，95%置信区间（CI）0.86−0.92，下同）大麻使用障碍（0.88（0.83−0.93））兴奋剂使用障碍（0.84（0.78−0.91））阿片类药物使用障碍（0.87（0.82−0.92））自杀意念、自杀企图或蓄意自我伤害（0.90（0.86−0.94））贪食症（0.81（0.77−0.84））精神分裂症及其他精神病性障碍（0.82（0.76−0.89）癫痫发作（0.90（0.85−0.95））神经认知障碍（0.95（0.93−0.97）失智症（0.92（0.88−0.97））阿尔茨海默病（0.88（0.78−0.99））心血管疾病方面，GLP-1产生统计学显著性风险降低的领域包括：凝血病和凝血障碍（0.92（0.89−0.95））血栓栓塞性疾病（0.86（0.82−0.89））急性肺栓塞（0.88（0.83−0.94））深静脉血栓（0.92（0.87−0.97））慢性静脉炎（0.86（0.81−0.92））血栓后遗症（0.89（0.87−0.92））肺动脉高压（0.82（0.78−0.85））心肌梗死（0.91（0.87−0.94））心脏骤停（0.78（0.71−0.85））新发心力衰竭（0.89（0.87−0.91））缺血性卒中（0.93（0.90−0.96））出血性卒中（0.86（0.78−0.95））肾病方面风险降低：急性肾损伤（0.88（0.86−0.90））慢性肾病（0.97（0.96−0.99））感染风险降低领域风险降低：细菌感染（0.88（0.86−0.90））细菌性肺炎的风险降低（0.89（0.85−0.93））败血症（0.83（0.80−0.86））呼吸系统疾病领域风险降低：肺炎（0.84（0.82−0.86））肺炎（0.89（0.86−0.92））误吸性肺炎（0.75（0.69−0.81））术后呼吸并发症（0.82（0.74−0.91））胸腔积液（0.86（0.83−0.89））慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）（0.90（0.87−0.92））呼吸衰竭（0.77（0.75−0.79））图1. GLP-1降低神经系统障碍风险图。（数据来源：Nature Medicine）这项研究中值得关注的是GLP-1使用与神经系统疾病风险降低之间的关联（图1）。这项研究结果显示，GLP-1的使用与广泛的神经精神疾病结果显著相关，包括多种物质使用障碍（酒精、大麻、阿片类和兴奋剂使用障碍）的风险降低。GLP-1的使用还降低了精神分裂症和其他精神病性障碍的风险，这与临床实验数据显示出的抗精神病效果相吻合。值得注意的是，这项研究还表明GLP-1的使用降低了自杀意念、自杀企图或故意自我伤害的风险。此前曾有报道称，GLP-1的使用与使用者的自杀意图和自我伤害行为可能产生因果关联。这促使EMA于2023年对GLP-1的使用进行了审查，但未发现两者之间的因果关系。这项研究进一步证实了EMA的调查结果，而且支持了GLP-1使用者自杀意念风险降低和可能的抗抑郁功效。这项研究结果扩展了GLP-1在神经精神疾病中的潜在应用证据，并且建议需要进一步评估GLP-1作为主要或辅助治疗物在管理多种物质使用障碍、精神病性障碍和抑郁障碍中的生物学机制和有效性。该研究还显示GLP-1在神经认知障碍中的有效性证据，包括失智症和阿尔茨海默病风险的降低。 GLP-1降低中枢神经系统疾病风险的潜在机制 GLP-1可能对中枢神经系统疾病产生效果的原因与GLP-1受体在大脑中的广泛分布及其多种生理功能有关。 GLP-1受体在中枢神经系统的表达：GLP-1受体在大脑多个区域表达，这些区域与情绪调节、认知功能和神经保护机制密切相关。因此，GLP-1RA通过这些受体可以直接影响中枢神经系统的功能。神经保护作用：研究表明，GLP-1具有神经保护作用，能够减少神经炎症和氧化应激。这种作用可能通过减少炎症介质的释放、抑制细胞凋亡以及促进神经元存活和再生来实现，从而在神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病）中产生治疗效果。调节神经递质和行为：GLP-1能够调节神经递质（如多巴胺、5-羟色胺）的释放，这些神经递质与精神和行为功能密切相关。研究发现，GLP-1RA在动物模型中能够减少焦虑和抑郁样行为，表明其可能有助于治疗精神类疾病。改善代谢与神经系统健康的关联：代谢功能与神经系统健康密切相关，特别是糖尿病与阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病之间的关联已被广泛报道。GLP-1通过改善血糖控制、减少胰岛素抵抗和炎症，可能间接改善与代谢相关的神经功能障碍。 GLP-1可能通过其在中枢神经系统中的直接和间接作用，产生对中枢神经系统疾病的治疗效果。这一潜力使得GLP-1在神经退行性疾病和精神疾病中的应用成为研究热点。中枢神经系统适应症也正是诺和诺德着重扩展semaglutide适应症的主攻方向之一。诺和诺德预计将在今年晚些时候获得两项 3 期临床试验EVOKE 和 EVOKE Plus的顶线数据，测试 semaglutide治疗阿尔茨海默病的效果。诺和诺德的临床研究试验招募1840 名早期阿尔茨海默病患者，他们将接受口服semaglutide或安慰剂治疗。剂量最高为每天一次 14 mg。这与诺和诺德口服糖尿病药物Rybelsus的剂量相同。研究的主要终点是经过两年治疗后，患者在临床痴呆症评定量表（CDR-SB）上的评分变化，CDR-SB 是衡量认知能力下降的常用量表。 FDA审评阿尔茨海默病药物曾经引发过很多争议，最著名的是已经退市的Aduhelm。而根据卫材和渤健另一款获得FDA批准的阿尔茨海默病抗体药物Leqembi的表现，它在18个月内将阿尔茨海默病的建站速度减缓27%（CDR-SB评分）。而礼来的阿尔茨海默病抗体药物Kisunla（donanemab）则针对整体患者群体减缓了29%，早期患者降低36%。Nature Medicine论文显示的GLP-1降低阿尔茨海默病风险的比例是12%，但这并不是根据CDR-SB的评分，也不是临床试验结果，而且也不只是针对semaglutide的结果，而是包括了tirzepatide, semaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide等多种GLP-1药物。Semaglutide究竟对阿尔茨海默病能产生多少具有临床显著性的结果，这是整个行业翘首期待的大事件。预计2025年9月诺和诺德公布Evoke顶线结果之时，GLP-1在阿尔茨海默病领域的前景可能将大白天下。 Ref. 1.Xie, Y. et al. Mapping the effectiveness and risks of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Nat Med (2025). https://doi-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/10.1038/s41591-024-03412-w 2.Cumming, J. L. et al. evoke and evoke+: design of two large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide in early-stage symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. Alz Res Therapy 17, 14 (2025). https://doi-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/10.1186/s13195-024-01666-7 版权声明：本文内容及图片，如有侵权请联系删除。免责声明：本文内容仅作信息交流学习，并不反映任何意见及观点。往期推荐乐威医药荣获2024年度EcoVadis承诺奖牌乐威医药再获三项国家专利知识产权乐威医药入选服务业创新发展星锐企业名单

临床结果

2025-03-13

·Pharmaceutical Technology

Vivani treats first patient with long-lasting drug implant for weight loss

The device, dubbed NPM-115, is a miniature sub-dermal implant that delivers exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA). Image credit: Shutterstock / Formatoriginal. A day after announcing a business split-off to focus on weight loss and diabetes implants, Vivani Medical has implanted the first patient with its device. The procedure is part of a first-in-human clinical trial in Australia called LIBERATE-1 (NCT05670379) evaluating the implant in obese or overweight individuals. The company’s other implant called NPM-119 is being developed for type 2 diabetes treatment. Shares in the Nasdaq-listed company rose by 5% at market open compared to a pre-announcement market close. Shares in Vivani were already elevated after it revealed plans yesterday to spin-off its neurostimulation business Cortigent as a publicly traded company. The move is expected to facilitate both companies prioritising their respective product pipelines. The NPM-115 device is a miniature sub-dermal implant that delivers exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA). Vivani says the drug has demonstrated good drug release both in vitro and in animal models. The implant is designed to last for six months. The LIBERATE-1 study, which Vivani also revealed is now fully enrolled, is investigating NPM-115’s safety, tolerability, and full pharmacokinetic profile in obese or overweight subjects. Participants will first be given injections of Novo Nordisk’s popular GLP-1RA medication Wegovy (semaglutide) for two months, then one of three treatments – Vivani’s implant, weekly injections of AstraZeneca’s branded exenatide medication for diabetes Bydureon BCise, or weekly Wegovy doses. Vivani will assess changes in weight through a nine-week duration, with top-line data slated to be available in mid-2025. GLP-1RAs have become one of the dominant forces in the pharmaceutical sector. Wegovy is forecast to generate sales of $19.4bn by 2030, according to analysis by GlobalData. Eli Lilly’s rival compound Zepbound (tirzepatide), which has demonstrated slightly better efficacy, is predicted to go even further , seeing sales of $25.2bn by the same year. Whilst their use has skyrocketed amongst overweight patients, the necessity for regular injections has been a source of adherence issues. A real-world study on just under 4,800 patients on GLP-1RA medication found that around half were non-adherent. Vivani believes its long-lasting drug candidate could provide an alternative option that improves medication adherence and reduces administration burden. Vivani’s CEO Adam Mendelsohn said: “About half of people regularly miss doses as indicated by real-world medication adherence data. “Missed doses not only lead to suboptimal efficacy but can also exacerbate tolerability issues. We believe our miniature, ultra long-acting implants, designed to improve medication adherence, have the potential to improve efficacy and minimise tolerability issues.”

2025-02-27

·Firstwordpharma

Medicare spending on popular diabetes meds jumps over 350% in five years

Medicare Part D spending on leading diabetes medications has reached unprecedented levels, with expenditure skyrocketing from $7.7 billion in 2019 to $35.8 billion in 2023 — translating to a 364% increase over the five-year period, according to newly released data.Auditors from the US Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Inspector General (OIG) identified and analysed Medicare Part D data for 10 widely prescribed type 2 diabetes medications, comprising seven GLP-1s and three SGLT-2 inhibitors, across the US and five overseas territories between January 2019 and December 2023. The analysis looked at utilisation metrics and spending patterns, drawing comparisons with metformin as a baseline therapy. GLP-1s lead uptickDuring the audit period, Medicare Part D expenditure for selected drugs totalled $92.8 billion, with six medications exhibiting substantial spending increases, led by GLP-1 products. Spending on Novo Nordisk's Rybelsus (semaglutide) jumped from $366,000 in 2019 to approximately $1.7 billion by 2023 — a 2182% increase — whereas Ozempic (semaglutide) expenditures increased nearly 16-fold from $552 million to $9.2 billion over the same period, with the number of beneficiaries receiving the medication rising by 929%. Meanwhile, Eli Lilly's Mounjaro (tirzepatide) showed 1541% spending growth in just its second year of coverage.The OIG noted that given a number of the medicines are commonly used off-label for other conditions, notably obesity, their increased use warrants "further inquiry to determine whether…the associated drugs were utilised for medically accepted indications." Meanwhile, TD Cowen analyst Rick Weissenstein suggested that "the data brief may provide ammunition for HHS Secretary Robert Kennedy Jr. and others who see the surge in GLP-1 use as a symptom of 'overmedication' more generally in the US."In contrast, use and spending on Novo's Victoza (liraglutide), Johnson & Johnson's Invokana (canagliflozin), as well as AstraZeneca's Byetta (exenatide) and Bydureon (exenatide extended-release), declined from 2019 to 2023, likely due to the introduction of newer alternatives. In addition, metformin expenditure decreased by 5% from $661 million in 2019 to $628 million in 2023.Spending growth outpaces enrolmentAccording to the analysis, the growth of the selected medications significantly outpaced the 12% increase in Medicare Part D enrolment during the same timeframe, raising concerns about the long-term financial sustainability of the programme. The report suggests that even if spending grows at the minimum observed annual rate of 42% during the five-year period, it could exceed $102 billion for the 10 drugs in 2026. “This substantial increase could have a financial impact on the Medicare programme,” the auditors noted in the report, adding that these findings “may be beneficial to CMS and other policymakers when developing future programme guidance related to these drugs.”Both Ozempic and Rybelsus made it on to the expanded list of medicines selected for the second round of Medicare price negotiations, drawn up by the outgoing Biden administration last month.

100 项与艾塞那肽相关的药物交易

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KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D04121	艾塞那肽	A10BJ01	DB01276

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
2型糖尿病	美国	AstraZeneca AB	2005-04-28

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10 条进展最快的记录,

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
假性脑肿瘤	临床3期	美国	Invex Therapeutics Ltd.	2022-11-18
假性脑肿瘤	临床3期	澳大利亚	Invex Therapeutics Ltd.	2022-11-18
假性脑肿瘤	临床3期	德国	Invex Therapeutics Ltd.	2022-11-18
假性脑肿瘤	临床3期	以色列	Invex Therapeutics Ltd.	2022-11-18
假性脑肿瘤	临床3期	新西兰	Invex Therapeutics Ltd.	2022-11-18
假性脑肿瘤	临床3期	英国	Invex Therapeutics Ltd.	2022-11-18
1型糖尿病	临床3期	荷兰	AstraZeneca PLC	2017-02-21
肥胖	临床3期	美国	AstraZeneca PLC	2016-03-22
多囊卵巢综合征	临床3期	美国	AstraZeneca PLC	2016-03-22
心脏衰竭	临床3期	法国	AstraZeneca PLC	2015-05-01

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临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT04232969 (Pubmed) 人工标引	临床3期	帕金森病	194	exenatide	網簾選築獵遞淵積繭鹽(範醖繭製窪構鏇繭遞選) = 餘廠蓋繭鬱糧壓網齋鑰蓋積積鏇簾選鹽製淵齋 (鹽觸顧獵築鑰鑰選齋艱, 11.2) 更多	不佳	2025-02-04
				placebo	網簾選築獵遞淵積繭鹽(範醖繭製窪構鏇繭遞選) = 鹽淵餘鏇鏇願築淵艱繭蓋積積鏇簾選鹽製淵齋 (鹽觸顧獵築鑰鑰選齋艱, 11.4) 更多
NCT01107717 (EDICT, CTgov)	临床4期	2型糖尿病	318	exenatide+pioglitazone+metformin (Triple Therapy)	鹽襯網鹹積網膚膚構構(餘築蓋鑰鹽觸窪繭製壓) = 廠鏇膚製襯簾築遞獵鏇積夢廠糧淵鏇鬱獵淵積 (遞憲齋觸艱膚繭網餘鏇, 0.1) 更多	-	2024-09-05
				glargine+metformin+glyburide (Conventional Therapy)	鹽襯網鹹積網膚膚構構(餘築蓋鑰鹽觸窪繭製壓) = 鹹廠網遞餘鹹範壓繭窪積夢廠糧淵鏇鬱獵淵積 (遞憲齋觸艱膚繭網餘鏇, 0.1) 更多
T1D Exchange Online Registry (ADA2024)	N/A	1型糖尿病	-	GLP-1	襯顧顧衊窪鏇觸積夢糧(選艱鹹憲糧築憲鬱窪廠) = 鬱窪顧膚願觸淵糧選鏇餘夢獵壓壓夢夢餘願獵 (衊夢繭壓顧網遞選廠鹽 )	积极	2024-06-14
ENDO (ENDO2024)	N/A	下丘脑性肥胖症	-	Liraglutide 0.6 mg daily	壓顧選餘網膚觸顧鑰夢(醖蓋夢蓋廠壓網壓繭窪) = 膚簾網製構糧範淵壓鏇簾築鑰遞糧簾糧夢願艱 (廠夢膚選窪淵獵積製廠 ) 更多	积极	2024-06-01
				Insulin degludec	觸築築鹹淵憲鏇鹽製鑰(窪鹹鬱鏇襯廠網獵獵壓) = 憲顧廠獵願餘觸觸醖選鹹淵鏇廠壓製淵選壓築 (製鑰簾範窪鹹網鏇築鑰 ) 更多
NCT03029351 (1981, CTgov)	临床4期	肾脏疾病 \| 2型糖尿病 \| 蛋白尿	15	Exenatide Extended Release for Inj Susp 2 MG (Exenatide Extended Release)	襯壓艱觸廠鑰網壓膚醖(艱鹹鏇齋糧鬱積構簾襯) = 願積製淵願夢齋網鑰襯鏇築積醖鹽夢鹽鹹壓製 (鹹夢醖餘壓醖衊餘齋襯, 122) 更多	-	2024-04-16
				Placebo (Placebo)	襯壓艱觸廠鑰網壓膚醖(艱鹹鏇齋糧鬱積構簾襯) = 構齋醖醖淵窪鹽繭鬱齋鏇築積醖鹽夢鹽鹹壓製 (鹹夢醖餘壓醖衊餘齋襯, 132) 更多
NCT02962492 (CTgov)	N/A	1型糖尿病	70	Placebo (Placebo Arm:)	積範廠願艱簾顧壓淵壓(選鏇憲膚窪壓夢衊衊膚) = 構繭顧鹹鑰網獵製網餘襯膚範廠築製膚淵鏇鏇 (繭襯網築齋鏇餘壓衊壓, 0.17) 更多	-	2024-02-29
				Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin Arm:)	積範廠願艱簾顧壓淵壓(選鏇憲膚窪壓夢衊衊膚) = 壓糧膚壓齋範醖鬱鑰鏇襯膚範廠築製膚淵鏇鏇 (繭襯網築齋鏇餘壓衊壓, 0.22) 更多
NCT01524705 (FLAT-SUGAR, CTgov)	临床4期	2型糖尿病	102	Insulin Glargine+Metformin+Exenatide	餘構艱衊艱繭顧膚膚願(窪鬱襯鹽壓遞齋齋憲窪) = 憲窪積顧夢餘齋窪鏇獵鏇艱窪鬱觸鏇膚襯夢蓋 (鹹窪憲顧鹹觸顧廠餘衊, 7.89) 更多	-	2023-12-29
ACTRN12619000497101 (ACTRN, EASD2023)	临床2期	2型糖尿病	32	Exenatide once-weekly (QW)	遞鏇襯願鏇艱壓鹽糧襯(網鏇製餘顧積廠觸鬱繭) = 糧鏇範選醖醖鬱淵衊窪衊蓋積衊醖網鏇蓋鑰遞 (遞簾夢艱遞鹽觸願觸遞, 1.7)	积极	2023-10-04
				Placebo	遞鏇襯願鏇艱壓鹽糧襯(網鏇製餘顧積廠觸鬱繭) = 夢衊糧遞顧鹹鬱醖獵簾衊蓋積衊醖網鏇蓋鑰遞 (遞簾夢艱遞鹽觸願觸遞, 2.1)
NCT04307797 (EASD2023)	临床4期	2型糖尿病	8	Saline	醖顧襯選積淵繭艱鏇遞(淵齋簾憲鬱鹽夢襯鬱願) = There were no adverse events 觸積製積鬱餘製廠膚築 (襯簾餘鬱夢淵廠衊構網 ) 更多	不佳	2023-10-04
				Glucagon
NCT02621489 (Rebuild study, ESC2023)	临床4期	非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病2	38	Bydureon	鬱構鑰鏇遞餘製積鑰鬱(壓鹹夢艱艱簾鬱簾糧簾) = 窪製憲觸憲鹹積廠鏇鑰醖鑰範遞網構夢餘窪糧 (簾繭鹹網鏇築淵窪壓醖 ) 更多	-	2023-08-25
				Standard treatment	鬱構鑰鏇遞餘製積鑰鬱(壓鹹夢艱艱簾鬱簾糧簾) = 憲簾選獵選蓋範築膚鹽醖鑰範遞網構夢餘窪糧 (簾繭鹹網鏇築淵窪壓醖 ) 更多