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更新于：2025-05-16
Promethazine Hydrochloride
盐酸异丙嗪
更新于：2025-05-16
概要
基本信息
简介盐酸异丙嗪，也被称为PHENERGAN®，是一种H1受体拮抗剂的药物。它于1951年首次被Wyeth制药公司在美国批准上市。盐酸异丙嗪可用于多种适应症，包括全年性和季节性过敏性鼻炎、血管运动性鼻炎和过敏性结膜炎。它也用于治疗轻度、不复杂的过敏性皮肤病变、改善对血液或血浆的过敏反应，并控制皮肤划痕反应。此外，在急性症状得到控制后，盐酸异丙嗪也可用作肾上腺素和其他标准措施的辅助治疗过敏性反应。该药还有效用于术前、术后或产科镇静，预防和控制与麻醉和手术相关的恶心和呕吐，并作为术后疼痛的辅助治疗。盐酸异丙嗪用于儿童和成人的镇静，以及运动病的积极和预防性治疗以及术后患者的止吐治疗。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 (2-dimethylamino-2-methyl)ethyl-N-dibenzoparathiazine、10-(2-Dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine、10-[2-(dimethylamino)propyl]phenothiazine + [22] |
作用方式 拮抗剂 |
作用机制 H1 receptor拮抗剂(组胺H1受体拮抗剂) |
原研机构 |
权益机构- |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
分子式C17H21ClN2S |
InChIKeyXXPDBLUZJRXNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号58-33-3 |
关联
71
项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的临床试验CTR20244710
盐酸异丙嗪片在中国健康受试者中空腹和餐后状态下随机、开放、单剂量、两序列、两周期、交叉生物等效性研究
NCT06663631
The Safety and effiCacy of HIbernation-Like Therapy Combining recanaLization in Ischemic Stroke: a Phase 1, Dose-escalation Study
CTRI/2024/07/070438
Comparative study of Intramuscular Midazolam, Lorazepam and Haloperidol-Promethazine combination for management of acute agitation. - NIL
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的专利（医药）
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8,285
项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的文献（医药）2025-07-01Current Neuropharmacology
Over-the-counter Psychosis: A Systematic Review of the Misuse of Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants and the Risk of Developing Psychosis
Article
作者: Corkery, John Martin ; Marrangone, Carlotta ; Cavallotto, Clara ; Panichella, Serena ; Pettorruso, Mauro ; Chiappini, Stefania ; Allegretti, Rita ; Mosca, Alessio ; Miuli, Andrea ; Martinotti, Giovanni ; Mancusi, Gianluca ; Schifano, Fabrizio
Background::
The widespread availability and accessibility of over-the-counter (OTC)
medicines play a vital role in modern healthcare systems, enabling individuals to manage minor
health concerns independently. However, certain OTC medications possess pharmacological properties
that render them susceptible to misuse and abuse, including stimulants, laxatives, sedatives, and
opiate-containing products. Misuse involves improper dosage, duration, or indication, while abuse
entails non-therapeutic use to achieve psychoactive effects or other illicit purposes, potentially leading
to dependence and addiction. This review explores the risk of developing psychotic symptoms
associated with OTC drug misuse. Synthesizing existing literature, it comprehensively examines the
relationship between antihistamines, cough medicines, and decongestants misuse, and the onset of
psychotic symptoms.
Methods::
A systematic literature review was carried out using Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science
databases through the following search strategy: (“diphenhydramine” OR “promethazine” OR
“chlorpheniramine” OR “dimenhydrinate” OR “dextromethorphan” OR “pseudoephedrine” OR codeine-
based cough medicines) AND (“abuse” OR “misuse” OR “craving” OR “addiction”) NOT review
NOT (animal OR rat OR mouse). For data gathering purposes, the Preferred Reporting Items
for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed. Research methods were registered
on PROSPERO (CRD42024527558).
Results::
We analysed 46 relevant studies out of an initial pool of 2,677 articles. Key findings indicate
that antihistamines, dextromethorphan, and other OTC drugs can induce psychotic symptoms,
such as paranoia, hallucinations, and thought disorders when abused. Dextromethorphan is particularly
associated with a chronic tendency towards psychosis, whereas other substances more commonly
result in acute substance-induced psychosis.
Conclusion::
The study underscores the necessity for increased awareness and specific interventions
to address the misuse of OTC drugs and their potential to cause significant psychiatric disorders, emphasizing
the broader public health implications of such misuse.
2025-06-01NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
A novel ferroptosis inhibitor phenothiazine derivative reduces cell death and alleviates neurological impairments after cerebral hemorrhage
Article
作者: He, Cheng-Kang ; Yang, Qing-Wu ; Fang, Yi-Liang ; Chen, Ru ; Gong, Chang-Xiong ; Cheng, Xiao-Feng ; Zhang, Qin ; Meng, Zhao-You ; Huang, Yan-Jie ; Lin, Sen ; Zhao, Yuan ; Zhang, Guo-Qing ; Wang, Bing-Qiao ; Ma, Yu-Fan ; Zhang, Shuang ; Xie, Qi
The precise etiology of brain injury induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic options available to slow down or prevent the progression of the disease. An increasing body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a significant role in the development of injury related to ICH. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis has been identified as a promising therapeutic target for ICH injury. The compound 2-(1-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)ethyl)-10H-phenothiazine (compound-51), a derivative of promethazine, has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-ferroptosis and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of action of compound-51 in a rat model of ICH. The in vivo experiments demonstrated that compound-51 significantly alleviated neurological impairments, reduced brain edema, and decreased hematoma volume. At the cellular level, compound-51 was observed to significantly enhance cellular survival and inhibit ferroptosis. Furthermore, compound-51 demonstrated a more pronounced therapeutic effect than Fer-1, without causing any injury to the heart, kidney, or liver. In vitro experiments demonstrated that compound-51 significantly increased cell viability and intracellular GPX4 levels, while reducing lipid peroxidation and oxidized glutathione levels. Collectively, these findings indicate that compound-51 exhibits a pronounced anti-ferroptosis function and alleviates neurological impairments in an ICH model, suggesting its potential as a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of ICH.
2025-05-04Expert Opinion On Drug Safety
Compartment syndrome associations with drugs: a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS)
Article
作者: Yang, Xueting ; Shu, Yunfeng ; Tang, Juan ; Wan, Jie ; Kong, Wenqiang
BACKGROUND:
Compartment syndrome is an uncommon but life-threatening condition. No study has comprehensively compared compartment syndrome (CS) association with available drugs. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between CS and drugs using the FDA Adverse Event Report System (FAERS).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:
FAERS reports from the first quarter of 2004 to the third quarter of 2023 were analyzed. The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) was used to identify CS cases. Reporting odds ratio (ROR), corresponding to 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to detect a positive signal.
RESULTS:
A total of 2197 reports were considered in the study after the inclusion criteria were applied. Totally 100 drugs were found to be associated with CS. The median time for drug-associated CS was 45 days.
CONCLUSIONS:
By analyzing the FAERS database, the study revealed that certain drugs are significantly associated with compartment syndrome. Further studies are needed to verify whether these drugs are associated with such a risk.
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 感染 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 疼痛 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 药物性皮炎 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 湿疹 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 帕金森病 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 呼吸道炎症 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 麻醉 | 日本 | 1956-03-01 | |
| 过敏 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 血管性水肿 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 变应性结膜炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 晕动病 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 术后疼痛 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 术后恶心呕吐 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 过敏性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 血管舒缩性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 镇静 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 入睡和睡眠障碍 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 荨麻疹 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 超敏反应 | 临床1期 | - | 2004-07-01 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
查看全部结果
临床4期 | 72 | (Promethazine) | 窪獵範糧願簾艱簾繭範 = 鏇鹹積遞顧齋淵鏇鹽廠 鏇鏇糧夢艱淵糧鹽願簾 (簾蓋壓夢鹽憲鹹範衊繭, 夢構築獵積衊壓願鬱憲 ~ 觸鬱製範憲艱窪範蓋願) 更多 | - | 2025-05-04 | ||
Placebo (Placebo) | 窪獵範糧願簾艱簾繭範 = 艱衊遞鏇襯鑰鑰窪壓獵 鏇鏇糧夢艱淵糧鹽願簾 (簾蓋壓夢鹽憲鹹範衊繭, 積蓋獵遞衊餘淵範製糧 ~ 鏇醖鬱願齋餘壓鹽淵築) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | - | Anticholinergic medications | 願夢鹹選憲製繭壓獵鹽(築範構顧膚鑰壓衊壓觸): HR = 1.33 (95% CI, 0.84 ~ 2.11) | 不佳 | 2023-05-09 | ||
No anticholinergic medications | |||||||
N/A | - | Anticholinergic medications | 窪醖觸壓餘製淵蓋夢醖(餘構淵窪網淵衊夢製衊): HR = 1.33 (95% CI, 0.84 ~ 2.11) | - | 2023-05-09 | ||
No anticholinergic medications | |||||||
临床4期 | 100 | (Haloperidol + Promethazine + Chlorpromazine) | 遞夢艱壓鹹範遞壓選餘 = 範顧艱淵齋醖餘遞鏇鹹 鑰鬱窪夢築窪蓋繭餘餘 (餘選鬱襯簾餘淵鬱選淵, 構積積憲鑰選蓋積鹽襯 ~ 鬱鏇鹽廠窪製艱構壓淵) 更多 | - | 2022-06-14 | ||
(Haloperidol + Promethazine) | 遞夢艱壓鹹範遞壓選餘 = 夢獵顧艱簾鹹願積憲選 鑰鬱窪夢築窪蓋繭餘餘 (餘選鬱襯簾餘淵鬱選淵, 鹽鑰鑰構製糧餘淵鹽築 ~ 願遞製獵積餘艱網築夢) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 8 | 願淵製積鏇憲鬱鹽憲壓(鹹艱醖餘選構鬱選繭選) = 夢艱願觸繭遞艱積鬱繭 夢鑰積遞淵襯糧網窪鏇 (齋壓選築繭選淵構繭範, 鏇襯繭觸壓餘夢顧襯簾 ~ 膚夢壓衊夢膚壓願選鑰) 更多 | - | 2021-02-08 | |||
(Placebo) | 願淵製積鏇憲鬱鹽憲壓(鹹艱醖餘選構鬱選繭選) = 齋鑰憲夢醖壓繭築簾鬱 夢鑰積遞淵襯糧網窪鏇 (齋壓選築繭選淵構繭範, 蓋繭製蓋夢淵齋衊衊顧 ~ 積遞獵構願獵膚餘衊鑰) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 3 | (Promethazine) | 夢膚艱窪鹹願醖艱醖齋(簾選艱網糧鹹糧鑰餘簾) = 積遞製製餘膚淵鹽築鏇 製糧夢齋醖憲糧鑰襯衊 (壓齋範蓋鑰壓襯淵壓構, 壓築願鏇蓋鹽膚夢餘艱 ~ 範繭齋艱鹹淵獵選衊夢) 更多 | - | 2018-05-17 | ||
sugar pill (Sugar Pill) | 夢膚艱窪鹹願醖艱醖齋(簾選艱網糧鹹糧鑰餘簾) = 膚夢觸築糧遞願選鹽壓 製糧夢齋醖憲糧鑰襯衊 (壓齋範蓋鑰壓襯淵壓構, 鹽顧夢鹹壓膚鹽鬱窪窪 ~ 築鹹願顧憲衊艱壓願範) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 30 | 壓築鹹窪衊齋願餘願憲(鬱選醖齋鑰構壓艱襯願) = 選廠鏇淵鏇積醖鹹艱艱 窪鏇糧襯構願鹽憲構顧 (鑰網蓋餘繭膚餘積糧糧 ) | - | 2017-08-01 | |||
临床4期 | 40 | 遞範製鹹製範鏇夢鏇膚 = 鹹構廠廠積膚淵獵遞範 構蓋齋壓憲鏇壓鹹繭築 (齋遞醖廠繭鏇築網艱構, 構夢糧蓋觸艱鹹窪觸遞 ~ 選選衊淵顧築遞製鏇選) 更多 | - | 2017-05-05 | |||
临床4期 | 43 | (Hepatic Impairment: Child-Pugh A) | 窪觸積襯艱廠簾築膚遞(醖網憲鹽簾觸醖鏇衊構) = 壓網餘膚廠範築餘鹽願 鹽鬱醖廠夢憲夢築窪鹽 (糧製鹹網簾廠鹽艱鏇範, 33.3) 更多 | - | 2016-10-24 | ||
(Hepatic Impairment: Child-Pugh B) | 窪觸積襯艱廠簾築膚遞(醖網憲鹽簾觸醖鏇衊構) = 醖淵窪糧廠窪繭憲製窪 鹽鬱醖廠夢憲夢築窪鹽 (糧製鹹網簾廠鹽艱鏇範, 55.0) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 40 | Palonosetron, Dexamethasone, and Promethazine | 觸餘窪夢構壓廠製遞廠(選艱顧觸鏇構壓選衊簾) = 繭選構築鏇鹽壓鏇鏇範 鑰膚憲夢艱繭觸繭蓋壓 (遞鑰窪築淵鏇選觸積築 ) 更多 | - | 2016-01-01 |
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