Plerixafor

- Executed license agreement with Ayrmid Ltd. for APHEXDA® (motixafortide) for $10 million upfront, up to $87 million in commercial milestones, and 18-23% tiered royalties on sales - - Received $9 million equity investment from certain funds managed by Highbridge Capital Management, LLC - - Entered into agreement to reduce and restructure long-term debt by ~$16.5 million - - Annual operational expenses expected to decline by over 70% following out-license of APHEXDA® (motixafortide) commercial program to Ayrmid - - Company to continue to support motixafortide PDAC program while evaluating additional assets for development in rare diseases and oncology - - Management to host conference call today, November 25, at 8:30 am EDT - TEL AVIV, Israel, Nov. 25, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- BioLineRx Ltd. (NASDAQ/TASE: BLRX), a development stage biopharmaceutical company pursuing life-changing therapies in oncology and rare diseases, today reported its unaudited financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2024, and provided updates on strategic actions designed to drive shareholder value. "The license agreement for APHEXDA that we announced last week was made possible by the tremendous work of our commercial team, who through their hard work proved the significant value that APHEXDA can bring to transplant centers and patients," said Philip Serlin, Chief Executive Officer of BioLineRx. "Our launch progress attracted Ayrmid, who will now, through Gamida Cell, continue to build on the strong commercial foundation that has been laid. We would like to thank our employees for their outstanding contributions to APHEXDA growth and expect this innovative product to reach even more patients with the additional resources from Ayrmid. "Looking forward, our streamlined and nimble company has a new financial foundation supported by sales royalties and potential milestone payments, which will allow our experienced team to develop important new therapies in rare disease and oncology that address areas with high unmet need. We will also focus on advancing our motixafortide PDAC program through existing collaborations that require de-minimis investment. Through this strategy, we anticipate delivering near- and long-term value for our shareholders," Mr. Serlin concluded. Corporate Updates Executed license agreement with Ayrmid Ltd. to develop and commercialize APHEXDA® (motixafortide) in all indications except solid tumors, and across all territories except Asia License agreement included a $10 million upfront payment, up to $87 million in potential commercial milestones, and royalties on net sales ranging from 18% to 23% BioLineRx will supply motixafortide on a cost-plus basis, for both commercial and development supply Certain members of the BioLineRx U.S.-based commercial organization will be transitioned to Ayrmid Pharma Ltd. Received $9 million equity investment from certain funds managed by Highbridge Capital Management, LLC, to support BioLineRx's pipeline expansion Operating expense run-rate expected to decrease by more than 70% beginning January 1, 2025 through APHEXDA commercial program transfer and additional headcount reductions Company intends to evaluate additional asset opportunities in 2025, with a focus on early-stage clinical programs in oncology or rare diseases that address major areas of unmet need Financial Updates Executed repayment and restructuring agreement with BlackRock EMEA Venture and Growth Lending to repay $16.5 million of approximately $29 million in total debt due; remaining balance will be paid over the next three years at the existing fixed annual interest rate of 9.5 percent As of September 30, 2024, the Company had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term bank deposits of $29.2 million Following the out-license to Ayrmid, the equity investment from Highbridge and the debt repayment to Blackrock, the Company's cash, cash equivalents and short-term bank deposits are expected to be approximately $20 million, which management believes will be sufficient to fund operations into 2026, as currently planned APHEXDA Launch Updates Aphexda achieved 10 percent market share milestone of total CXCR4 inhibitor usage in the U.S., which compares APHEXDA to branded MOZOBIL and generic plerixafor in all indications Institutions ordering APHEXDA increased by 40 percent in the third quarter Clinical Portfolio Updates Motixafortide Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) Continued enrollment in the CheMo4METPANC Phase 2b clinical trial collaboration with Columbia University. In addition to Columbia, patient enrollment has begun at Brown University, and three additional sites are anticipated to begin enrollment over the next two quarters. Full enrollment in the randomized trial targeting 108 patients is anticipated in 2027, with a prespecified interim futility analysis planned when 40% of PFS events are observed Multiple Myeloma Collaboration partner Gloria Biosciences' stem cell mobilization bridging study IND was filed and approved by the Center for Drug Evaluation of the National Medical Products Administration in China. Anticipate initiation of pivotal clinical trial in 1H 2025 Gloria Biosciences has received regulatory approval to commercialize APHEXDA in the Boao Region of China and Macao, areas in Asia that do not require a bridging study Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) & Gene Therapy Announced oral presentation at ASH 2024 on initial results from a Phase 1 clinical trial evaluating motixafortide as monotherapy and in combination with natalizumab for CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilization for gene therapies in sickle cell disease (SCD). Sponsored by investigators at Washington University in St. Louis, the findings from this proof-of-concept study suggest motixafortide alone, and in combination with natalizumab, could support the collection of the large number of stem cells required by gene therapies for sickle cell disease within a single apheresis cycle. The presentation will occur at the 66th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition taking place December 7-10, 2024, in San Diego, California Third Quarter 2024 Financial Results Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $4.9 million. The Company did not record any revenue during the third quarter of 2023. Revenue for the quarter reflects a portion of the upfront payment from the Gloria Biosciences license, which amounted to $3.2 million, as well as $1.7 million of net revenue from product sales of APHEXDA in the U.S. Cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $0.8 million. The Company did not record any cost of revenue during the third quarter of 2023. Cost of revenue for the quarter primarily reflects the amortization of intangible assets, royalties on net product sales of APHEXDA in the U.S., and cost of goods sold on product sales Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 were $2.6 million, compared to $2.7 million for the same period in 2023. The decrease resulted primarily from lower expenses related to the termination of the development of AGI-134 and a decrease in payroll and share-based compensation Sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 were $5.5 million, compared to $8.1 million for the same period in 2023. The decrease resulted primarily from lower expenses of commercialization activities related to motixafortide. The higher expenses in the corresponding period of 2023 reflect the ramp-up of pre-commercialization activities related to motixafortide General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 were $1.4 million, compared to $1.5 million for the same period in 2023. The decrease resulted primarily from small decreases in a number of G&A expenses Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $5.8 million, compared to net loss of $16.0 million for the same period in 2023. The net loss for the 2024 period included $0.8 million in non-operating income, compared to non-operating expenses of $3.1 million for the same period in 2023, both primarily related to non-cash revaluation of warrants As of September 30, 2024, the Company had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term bank deposits of $29.2 million. Third Quarter Results Conference Call and Webcast BioLineRx will report its third quarter 2024 results on November 25, 2024. To access the conference call, please dial +1-888-281-1167 from the U.S. or +972-3-918-0685 internationally. A live webcast and a replay of the call can be accessed through the event page on the Company's website. Please allow extra time prior to the call to visit the site and download any necessary software to listen to the live broadcast. The call replay will be available approximately two hours after completion of the live conference call. A dial-in replay of the call will be available until November 27, 2024; please dial +1-888-295-2634 from the US or +972-3-925-5904 internationally. About BioLineRx BioLineRx Ltd. (NASDAQ/TASE: BLRX) is a biopharmaceutical company pursuing life-changing therapies in oncology and rare diseases. The company's first approved product is APHEXDA® (motixafortide), with an indication in the U.S. for stem cell mobilization for autologous transplantation in multiple myeloma, which is being developed and commercialized by Ayrmid Ltd. (globally, excluding Asia) and Gloria Biosciences (in Asia). BioLineRx is utilizing its end-to-end expertise in development, regulatory affairs, manufacturing and commercialization to advance its innovative pipeline and ensure life-changing discoveries move beyond the bench to the bedside. Learn more about who we are, what we do, and how we do it at , or on Twitter and LinkedIn.  Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements (BioLineRx) Various statements in this release concerning BioLineRx's future expectations constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include words such as "anticipates," "believes," "could," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "may," "plans," "potential," "predicts," "projects," "should," "will," and "would," and describe opinions about future events. These include statements regarding management's expectations, beliefs and intentions regarding, among other things, the potential success of the license agreement with Ayrmid, expectations with regard to clinical trials of motixafortide, statements relating to the equity investment offering, including as to the consummation of the offering described above, the expected gross proceeds therefrom and the timing of the closings of the offering and the license agreement. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of BioLineRx to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause BioLineRx's actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the initiation, timing, progress and results of BioLineRx's preclinical studies, clinical trials, and other therapeutic candidate development efforts; BioLineRx's ability to advance its therapeutic candidates into clinical trials or to successfully complete its preclinical studies or clinical trials; whether BioLineRx's collaboration partners will be able to execute on collaboration goals in a timely manner; whether the clinical trial results for APHEXDA will be predictive of real-world results; BioLineRx's receipt of regulatory approvals for its therapeutic candidates, and the timing of other regulatory filings and approvals; the clinical development, commercialization and market acceptance of BioLineRx's therapeutic candidates, including the degree and pace of market uptake of APHEXDA for the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells for autologous transplantation in multiple myeloma patients; whether access to APHEXDA is achieved in a commercially viable manner and whether APHEXDA receives adequate reimbursement from third-party payors; BioLineRx's ability to establish, operationalize and maintain corporate collaborations; BioLineRx's ability to integrate new therapeutic candidates and new personnel; the interpretation of the properties and characteristics of BioLineRx's therapeutic candidates and of the results obtained with its therapeutic candidates in preclinical studies or clinical trials; the implementation of BioLineRx's business model and strategic plans for its business and therapeutic candidates; the scope of protection BioLineRx is able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering its therapeutic candidates and its ability to operate its business without infringing the intellectual property rights of others; estimates of BioLineRx's expenses, future revenues, capital requirements and its needs for and ability to access sufficient additional financing, including any unexpected costs or delays in the commercial launch of APHEXDA; risks related to changes in healthcare laws, rules and regulations in the United States or elsewhere; competitive companies, technologies and BioLineRx's industry; statements as to the impact of the political and security situation in Israel on BioLineRx's business; and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the declared war by Israel against Hamas and the military campaigns against Hamas and other terrorist organizations, which may exacerbate the magnitude of the factors discussed above. These and other factors are more fully discussed in the "Risk Factors" section of BioLineRx's most recent annual report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2024. In addition, any forward-looking statements represent BioLineRx's views only as of the date of this release and should not be relied upon as representing its views as of any subsequent date. BioLineRx does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements unless required by law. Contacts: United States John Lacey BioLineRx [email protected] Israel Moran Meir LifeSci Advisors, LLC [email protected] SOURCE BioLineRx Ltd. WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

Genzyme（健赞）是一家通过生物酶起家的biotech公司，总部位于美国马塞诸塞州的波士顿，于2011年并入赛诺菲。与众多biotech所不同的是，Genzyme并不以强大的生物技术著称，是一家靠化学技术起家、多元化的公司，业务涵盖治疗药物、精细化工品、诊断产品和诊断服务。虽然没有领先的生物技术，但Genzyme发展成为市值仅次于Genentech、Amgen和吉利德的biotech巨擘，其背后的经营策略引人深思，也值得广大初创型biotech公司参考。 一、Genzyme的诞生 Genzyme成立于1981年，由Tufts大学的生物酶学家Henry Blair、哈佛大学的化学家George Whitesides和风险投资家Sheridan Snyder联合创办，由Sheridan Snyder出任董事长兼CEO。Genzyme虽然是“基因”和“酶”的缩写，但起初并不是一家真正意义上的生物技术企业，而是一家研究酶水解和化学结构修饰的生化企业。Henry Blair基于他的专业研究，从美国独立卫生院（NIH）拿到一份研究合同——为NIH的研究人员供应葡萄糖脑苷脂酶（一种治疗戈谢病的酶）。一开始，Genzyme只供应从胎盘中提取的天然葡萄糖脑苷脂酶，但NIH研究人员发现，天然酶分子太大，几乎无法透过细胞，疗效也很差。后来，NIH决定对天然葡萄糖脑苷脂酶进行水解后化学结构修饰，并与Genzyme签下了研发合同。 在风险投资的帮助下，Genzyme在成立后不久就收购了Whatman Biochemicals，次年又兼并了Koch-Light Lab，快速地形成了精细化学品、原料药的供应能力。除了生产和销售原料药与精细化工品，Genzyme还开发了一款胆固醇氧化酶，并基于这种酶开发了一种诊断试剂，用于胆固醇检测。尽管1983年的Genzyme，估值已达1亿美元，但公司运营却差强人意。种子投资者Oak Investment Partners为了加强监管，向公司派遣了董事兼总裁Henri Termeer。Termeer虽是经济学背景，但在Baxter公司工作了10年，且职位已上升到执行副总裁。Baxter是一家主营血浆制品的公司，被称为biotech企业家的摇篮。Termeer长期与血浆制品打交道，他深知蛋白、凝血因子、酶等血浆制品的临床需求，但也清楚提取源产品的病毒风险，所以他的一大商业抱负就是通过基因工程生产这些产品。因这种商业抱负，Termeer最终决定加入这家初创公司。 Termeer刚到达公司时，Genzyme只是一个有11个雇员、办公室租住于波士顿红灯区的小公司。为了公司的长远发展，Termeer致力于引导公司的战略方向由诊断用酶向治疗用酶转变，美国《孤儿药法案》的实施，大大增加了这种战略的可行性。早期的Genzyme，虽然每年可以通过销售诊断用酶获得几百万美元的收入，但并不足以支撑公司的持续运营。为此，Termeer不得不四处找钱，就如他后来回忆的那样，他竭尽所能、并尝试用各种新方法融资。因为Termeer高超的融资技巧和高效的融资，Genzyme在行业的寒冬时节却有持续不断的资金涌入，让这家原本不被看好的“biotech”公司得以存活并发展。 1985年，Termeer被任命为CEO。作为公司的掌舵人，他的愿景是将这家初创公司打造为一家多元化的，能够同时供应多种药品、诊断产品、医疗器械和特种化学品的集团。为了发掘战略性的商业机会，Termeer建立了一个由麻省理工学院和哈佛大学科学家组成的咨询委员会，为了找到有效的融资方式，他咨询了多位著名的风险投资家。1988年，Termeer接任了Genzyme的董事长，在他的苦心经营下，这家名不见经传的小公司最终发展成为全球知名的biotech巨头。 二、成为真正的生物技术公司 在成立之初，Genzyme并没有生物技术，而是一家酶化学修饰、酶生产和销售的公司。尽管当时的热门是利用基因工程技术开发高市场潜力的酶或激素，但Termeer并不想跟Genentech、Amgen等公司抢“风头”，而是选择了利基战略——重点发展市场吸引力不高、却容易销售的产品，即治疗罕见病的酶。1986年，Genzyme首次公开募股（IPO），募集到资金2820万美元。为了将Genzyme 包装为一家令人信服的“biotech”公司，Termeer在招股书中重点强调“NIH正在利用其蛋白质水解物修饰技术生产的酶开展戈谢病和法布里病的临床试验”。然而相比那些拥有领先生物技术的biotech公司，Genzyme的股票显得有些相形见绌——Genetics Institute和Cytogen Corp与Genzyme在同一个月上市，但市值很快就说明了一切。为了与真正的“生物技术”挂钩，行业分析师建议Genzyme与Integrated Genetics (IG)合并，但这一提议遭到了IG公司的拒绝。 Ceredase（Alglucerase）是Genzyme首个与NIH联合研发的新药项目，1984年，一位NIH研究人员的孩子使用了Ceredase后显示出不错的疗效，但后来在7名受试者参与的临床试验中却以失败告终，原因是给药剂量太低。由于戈谢病在当时还没有有效的治疗方案，尽管Ceredase不被众人看好，但Genzyme和NIH都愿意继续研究。1985年3月，FDA授予了Ceredase孤儿药资格，NIH的临床研究也在持续推进。1987年1月，新的临床试验数据让Termeer看到了希望，为了支持Ceredase的临床试验开发，Termeer通过有限合伙的方式专项融资1000万美元，并为此成立了一家专门从事罕见病药物研发的子公司。 1987年下半年，美国biotech股市大跌，Genzyme为了应对寒冬而进行了业务调整，剥离了Koch-Light Lab，创始人Henry Blair也离开了公司。然而此时，IG公司陷入了财务危机，除了资本市场的周期性转冷，其产品开发也出现了问题。1988年，IG公司董事长Robert Carpenter下定了出售的决心。经过Termeer的软磨硬泡，成功说服了IG公司的董事会，仅用价值3150万美元的股票就收购了这家公司。1989年，两家公司完成合并，Genzyme因此获得了生物技术，成为了名副其实的biotech公司。 三、Genzyme的多元化 Termeer的雄心是打造一家多元化的公司，1989年，Genzyme建立了诊断业务，形成了药品（主要是克林霉素）、诊断产品（诊断酶等）、精细化工品（透明质酸等）和诊断服务四大业务，总营收3410万美元。1987-1995年是美国生物技术领域的投资低谷，大量烧钱的biotech公司变得无以为继，而多元化的Genzyme却屡屡成功融资，或许是因为该公司拥有稳定的收入来源，也或许归功于Termeer精妙的融资策略。1989年，Genzyme获得两笔重要的融资，一笔来自公开募股（融到3910万美元），一笔来自有限合伙开发透明质酸新适应症（预防术后粘连）的专项资金（融到3680万美元）。1990年，Genzyme将六款在研的医疗产品打包至Neozyme I Corp并单独IPO，实现了大规模融资，1991年，Genzyme又将诊断服务业务打包至IG lab然后单独IPO，成功募集到1410万美元，1992年，Termeer再次故技重施，通过组建Neozyme II进行了公开募股。 由于长时间的资本寒冬，越来越多的biotech公司陷入了财务危机，甚至到达破产的边缘，这为Termeer带来了大量的“捡漏”机会——通过收购优质资产迅速扩充管线和储备技术。由于Termeer精妙地融资策略，Genzyme的资金非常充裕。另外，FDA在1991年4月批准了Ceredase，这是治疗戈谢病的首个药物，虽然这种病的患者非常少，但该产品在上市后的第一个完整财年就卖出了一亿多美元。在新产品的支持下，Genzyme的销售额飞速增长，股价也水涨船高。 资金充裕、股价上升，Termeer不仅可以大兴土木（新建总部和工厂）、大规模投资研发、快速布局国际业务、还能放开手地收购廉价资产。1992-1994年间，Termeer为强化精细化工品业务而收购了Enzymatix、Sygena等公司，为了强化诊断业务而收购了Genecore、Vivigen、Virotech等公司，为配合在研透明质酸的管线建设而收购了BioSurface Technology。除此以外，Termeer还通过收购Medix Biotech、TSI Inc、Omni Res等公司而布局了全新的赛道。到90年代中期，Genzyme通过收购，新进入了单克隆抗体、细胞治疗、基因检测和基因治疗等多个领域。 虽然Ceredase的价格创下了美国的天价药纪录——人均年治疗费高达15万美元，但利润并不理想。一是Ceredase的生产成本太高，平均一个患者的年治疗剂量需要从两万个胎盘中提取，消耗原材料达27吨。二是胎盘不能无限制供应，产品的市场增长空间非常有限，尽管Genzyme努力扩大产能，但每年只能提供一两千人的治疗用药。在定价饱受质疑的情况下，通过涨价来增加利润的策略并不现实，唯一的办法就是通过基因工程技术把生产成本降下来。庆幸的是，与干扰素和红细胞生成素相比，重组Ceredase的技术难度要小很多，早在1984年，NIH的科学家就成功克隆了葡糖脑苷脂酶的基因序列。重组Ceredase（Cerezyme）很快就开发完成，并于1994年6月获得FDA批准。 90年代中后期，单抗技术基本发展成熟，美国biotech的股市也逐步回暖，但多元化的Cerezyme并不被资本市场看好。除了没有过硬的技术、研发管线储备不足、主营业务未处于热门赛道，该公司还面临着两大质疑——一是因Ceredase定价过高而遭到了媒体和民团的批评，二是Termeer花了大量融资买下一堆无法盈利的公司，虽然通过收购公司进入了多个领域，但营收却高度依赖患者总数不足两万人的戈谢病。 尽管饱受质疑，但Genzyme并没有放弃多元化，90年代后期，Termeer又收购了Peptimmune、Cell Genesys、PharmaGenics、Deknatel Snowden Pencer等多家公司。1997年，促甲状腺素α(Thyrogen)开发步入尾声，为了搭建以Thyrogen为基础的抗肿瘤管线，Termeer收购了PharmaGenics，并组建了Molecular Oncology（分子肿瘤）部门。为了强化以透明质酸为基础建立的组织修复业务，Termeer在2000年收购了BioMatrix，并整合为Biosurgery（生物外科）部门。而原有的药品、诊断性产品、诊断服务统一归到Genzyme General部门。在2000年的营收中，Genzyme General、Biosurgery和Molecular Oncology分别占83%、16%和1%。 除了多元化，Genzyme在90年代后期的另一重要战略就是加强研发，广泛合作。由于广泛的外延式研发，虽然研发投入强度远低于Genentech等技术型biotech公司，但回报却十分丰厚。1998年，Genzyme与GelTex公司联合研发的司维拉姆（Renagel）获得了FDA的批准，Termeer迎来了第二个现金牛。除了与GelTex合作，Genzyme还与BioMarin联合开发Aldurazyme，与西奈山医学院联合开发Fabrazyme，与Biogen联合开发β干扰素…… 四、Genzyme的飞速发展 Genzyme在90年代布局了大量的新技术，但回报却不理想，虽然涉足了癌症、帕金森病、心血管疾病等多个热门领域，但始终无法建立起竞争优势，相反，营收越来越依赖罕见病。司维拉姆是除酶以外，最能拿得出手的产品，为了独享司维拉姆的权益，Termeer在2000年出价10亿美元收购了GelTex。然而遗憾的是，司维拉姆的销售表现迟迟无法兑现Termeer向投资者许下的承诺，加之Fabrazyme的上市申请遇到了麻烦，股票在2002年出现了暴跌。 跨世纪的几年是制药行业资本重组的高潮，而股价暴跌的Genzyme很容易成为他人的盘中餐。Termeer为了防止被收购，开启了买买买的模式。为了强化透析产品管线，Termeer用6亿美元为代价接管了Bone Care，获得了度骨化醇（Hectorol）的销售权。为了强化抗肿瘤管线，Termeer相继吞并了SangStat、Ilex Oncology、AnorMED、Bioenvision等公司，合计交易额高达25.3亿美元，获得了兔抗人胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白（Thymoglobulin）、阿伦单抗（Campath）、普乐沙福（Mozobil）和氯法拉滨等产品的销售权。为了打造生物外科部门，Genzyme在整合Biomatrix之后又以1.5亿美元的价格收购了Novazyme。为了强化诊断业务，Termeer还拿下了Wyntek Diagnostics和IMPATH的肿瘤诊断业务，两笔交易合计约3亿美元。此外，Genzyme还收购了一家科技公司Myosix，以强化细胞治疗技术。 随着兼并企业的不断增多，Genzyme各业务的销售体量逐步扩大。2003年4月，Fabrazyme和Aldurazyme相继获得了FDA批准，虽然经历了一定挫折，但终苦尽甘来。2006年4月，Myozyme也成功获批上市，Genzyme建成了当时最强大的罕见病治疗产品管线。与此同时，Cerezyme也在不断刷新销售纪录，最高年销售额超过了12亿美元。 鉴于出色的业绩表现和清晰的战略，这家模式异类的“biotech”公司逐渐得到了资本市场的认可，股价止跌反升，2007年的市值仅次于Genentech、Amgen和吉利德，成为全球第四大biotech巨头。 五、Genzyme的瓶颈 2000-2007年是Genzyme的飞速发展期，短短7年间，总营业收入翻了4倍有余。2007年以后，Genzyme再未发动大规模的兼并，仅向拜耳先灵购买了多发性硬化药物alemtuzumab的商业权益。2010年，Termeer将基因诊断业务以9.25亿美元的价格打包出售，而剩余的业务整合为Personalized Genetic Health（个人基因健康）、Renal and Endocrinology（肾病和内分泌）、Biosurgery（生物外科）、Hematology and Oncology（血液病与肿瘤）和Multiple Sclerosis（多发性硬化）五大业务部门。 个人基因健康业务主要经营罕见遗传病的酶，产品包括Cerezyme、Fabrazyme、Myozyme和Aldurazyme，以及环太平洋地区代销Shire公司的Elaprase。这些产品在全球范围内仅有几千到几万名潜在患者，治疗市场完全依赖高昂的价格支撑。一旦出现竞争性产品而导致降价或使用者减少，销售额就会快速萎缩。事实正如此，五大酶品种在2010年的合计销售额仅为16.5亿美元，相比2008年下降了6亿多美元。肾病和内分泌业务是第二大营收来源，但司维拉姆、度骨化醇、促甲状腺素α的适用患者群也非常小，2010年的销售额为10.7亿美元，业务发展似乎也遇到了瓶颈——仅实现了6%的增幅。血液与肿瘤和生物外科是Genzyme花了大价钱打造的业务部门，2010年的销售额分别为6.8亿美元和5.8亿美元，虽然增长强劲，但发展空间非常有限。多发性硬化部门几乎名存实亡，2010年没有产生销售额。 尽管业务部门众多，Genzyme的营收和利润却高度依赖罕见病，而该业务又出现了研发管线匮乏的危机——处于晚期开发阶段的项目仅有Eliglustat和mipomersen，且mipomersen还是一个技术不成熟的产品。然而令投资者更为恼火的是，Genzyme的产品生产也出了问题——2009年，波士顿工厂因病毒污染而被迫停工。这导致大量患者被迫停药或减量用药，进而引发了用药患者的严重不满，而在此期间，FDA批准了Shire公司的Vpriv（velaglucerase alpha）。尽管Genzyme在向FDA缴纳了1.75亿美元的罚款后恢复生产，但患者大量流失导致收入和股价双重大跌，商誉也受到了严重影响。因为该事件，Termeer遭到了大量的投资者起诉，董事会内部也产生了激烈的争斗，有的人认为Termeer无法带领公司走出危机，也有的人认为Genzyme应该卖掉与罕见病无关的业务。 一方面，Genzyme没有强大的技术储备，且主营业务的发展已入瓶颈；另一方面，董事会的矛盾让Termeer失去了对公司的控制权，择机出售或许是最好的选择。2010年，赛诺菲安万特向Genzyme发来了收购邀约，2011年初，双方的交易谈成，最终以201亿美元的价格成交。 六、小结与讨论 Genzyme是为数不多的、多元化的biotech公司。因为多元化，它熬过了行业寒冬，但也因为多元化，它陷入了瓶颈。80年代末和90年代初，美国biotech公司集体被看衰——基因工程技术可发掘的商业机会越来越少，而单抗、反义寡核苷酸等技术远不能商业化，加之大量的biotech出现，行业开始内卷——股市大跌，企业融资极其困难，Genzyme却因有稳定的收入而屡屡成功融资。90年代后期，Genzyme为了防止被兼并而加大了多元化力度，但长期的多元化使得该公司并没有建立起技术优势，各个业务也没能形成统治地位，这是后来步入瓶颈的关键原因。 Genzyme是典型不依赖领先生物技术起家的biotech公司（相似的公司还有吉利德和Celgene），因为高效的融资和广泛的合作，不但熬过了资本的寒冬，而且成功找到了“出路”。就如Termeer回忆录中说的那样，没有融资经验和商业背景的科学家创办企业是非常挑战的，如果不懂得资本运作、没有清晰的融资目标、不了解融资交易结构、没有合适的融资形式、或缺乏卓越的谈判技巧，融资过程会非常困难或陷入被动。因此，对于一家将长期持续亏损的初创型biotech公司而言，技术固然重要，但融资才是决定它是否能够成功的第一要素。 Termeer掌管Genzyme长达26年，是掌舵同一家biotech公司时间最长的职业经理人之一，但Termeer也饱受争议。Termeer对Genzyme的早期成功起到了至关重要的作用，但后期的领导策略并不利于企业的进一步发展。作为一个经济学家，他的经营能力的确很强，但在技术创新和药品质量风险方面的认知存在不足，最终导致了Genzyme的发展瓶颈，这也是投资人认为他不能领导企业走出困境的主要原因。 参考文献：略 本文节选自新版《跨国药企成功启示录》（相比老版本更新了数据，增加15家biotech公司），任何媒体、公众号、网站转载本文都会被起诉侵权。作者：魏利军，北京药眼信息咨询有限公司创始人，著有《跨国药企成功启示录》、《仿制药企兴衰启示录》和《制药企业的战略与产品管线》，从事产品线规划、产品立项和战略策划相关的工作十余年，担任过多个企业的产品战略顾问。如对本文有建议或发行内容有错误，请不吝赐教，作者微信Voyager88 药事纵横征稿启事