盐酸丙美卡因(Proparacaine Hydrochloride) - 药物靶点：SCNA_专利_临床

概要

基本信息

药物类型

小分子化药

别名

Proparacaine hydrochloride (USP)、Proxymetacaine、Alcaine

+ [5]

靶点

SCNA

作用方式

阻滞剂

作用机制

SCNA阻滞剂(钠通道α亚基家族阻滞剂)

治疗领域

其他疾病

在研适应症-

非在研适应症

麻醉

原研机构

Apothecon BV

在研机构-

非在研机构

Apothecon LLCAllergan, Inc.

权益机构

欧康维视生物医药（上海）有限公司

Alcon AG

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批日期

美国 (1953-07-01),

麻醉

最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市

特殊审评-

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结构/序列

分子式C16H27ClN2O3

InChIKeyBFUUJUGQJUTPAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS号5875-06-9

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关联

15

项与盐酸丙美卡因相关的临床试验

CTRI/2024/08/072298

/ Recruiting临床4期

Evaluation of Nanodropper-mediated Microdrops vs Conventional Dropsof Proparacaine HCL 0.5 Percentage - Nil

开始日期2024-08-26

申办/合作机构-

NCT05238233

/ Completed临床4期IIT

The Wearing-Off Period of Pharmacological Dilation: An Addendum to the Management of Anisocoria

Students at the School of Medicine Greenville will be asked to participate in this study.
The aim of this study is to better understand when medical imaging is needed for patients with anisocoria (unequal pupil size).
Participation in the study includes up to 3 visits over a period of one week. Each study visit will last about 30 minutes.
At the first visit, participants will be screened for hyperopia using a phoropter, have their intraocular pressures taken using a tono-pen, and have their iridocorneal angle measured using gonioscopy at the ophthalmology clinic. Proparacaine hydrochloride 0.5% eye drops will be used to numb the eyes before measuring intraocular pressures and prior to gonio lens exam. Participants will also be asked to complete three forms.
Participants will be asked to return to the clinic on a scheduled day within one week of the screening visit to have their left eye dilated. At this visit, the diameter of the pupil will be measured using a Near card in a windowless room with a set light-level. Then, the participant will receive one drop of tropicamide in the left eye. After the drops have had time to take effect, which will be about 20-30 minutes later, the diameter of the pupil will be measured again.
Participants will then be asked to return to the clinic in 3-4 hours. At this time, the diameter of the pupil will be measured again.
The third type of eye drop used in this study is 1% pilocarpine. 1 % pilocarpine will briefly constrict the eyes. One drop of 1% pilocarpine will be administered to left eye, and the change in pupillary diameter will be measured, if any. It will take about 10-15 minutes for the 1% pilocarpine to take effect.
Participants may be required to attend 2 additional 30-minute visits on a third day depending on how their eyes respond to the drops.
This study will recruit about 10-15 participants.

开始日期2022-04-01

申办/合作机构

Prisma Health

NCT04283331

/ Unknown status临床4期IIT

Efficacy and Safety of Anesthetic Impregnated Bandage Soft Contact Lens (BSCL) in Pain Management After Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK).

Compared to laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) is associated with more discomfort and requires more downtime. However, it is oftentimes considered the preferred method of refractive surgery for patients with dry eye syndrome, high refractive errors, thin corneas, or those with more active lifestyles who may be more prone to dislodging their LASIK flaps. We hypothesize that the use of bandage contact lenses soaked in proparacaine will decrease pain levels compared to solely the use of bandage contact lenses after PRK.

开始日期2020-06-01

申办/合作机构

Wills Eye Institute

100 项与盐酸丙美卡因相关的临床结果

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100 项与盐酸丙美卡因相关的转化医学

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100 项与盐酸丙美卡因相关的专利（医药）

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520

项与盐酸丙美卡因相关的文献（医药）

2025-08-01·Food Chemistry

Investigation into the effects of acute heat stress on stress level, meat quality, myofibrillar proteins properties and serum metabolites release of Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata)

Article

作者: Huang, Ming ; Li, Zimu ; Huang, Jichao ; Zhu, Zongshuai ; Huang, Tianran ; Xiao, Mengchao

This study systematically investigated the effects of acute heat stress (AHS) on Muscovy ducks, focusing on plasma stress indicators, meat quality, myofibrillar proteins (MPs) properties, and serum metabolite profiles. AHS significantly elevated stress level, impairing meat quality, as evidenced by higher L* value, shear force, drip loss, and cooking loss (P < 0.05). It also induced MPs oxidation and aggregation, reflected by elevated carbonyl content, turbidity, zeta potential, and particle size. MPs structural alterations were confirmed by fluorescence quenching and increased exposure of hydrophobic groups. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between physicochemical changes and MPs oxidation. Metabolomic analysis identified 161 and 105 differential metabolites in the CON vs. LS and CON vs. SS comparisons, respectively, involving 25 metabolic pathways related to energy, amino acids, and fatty acids. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular pathways of AHS-induced meat quality deterioration and reveal potential intervention timing for the poultry industry.

2025-01-01·Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics

Impact of proxymetacaine on the dynamics of cyclopentolate in White 6‐ to 7‐year‐olds

Article

作者: O'Dwyer, Veronica ; Doyle, Megan ; Harrington, Síofra

AbstractPurposeThis study compared the efficacy of cyclopentolate hydrochloride at 10‐, 20‐ and 30‐min post‐instillation in White 6‐ to 7‐year‐olds, with and without prior instillation of proxymetacaine hydrochloride. The primary aim was to determine if accurate autorefraction values can be obtained sooner than the current standard of 30‐min post‐cycloplegia. The secondary aim was to investigate whether proxymetacaine hydrochloride enhances the efficiency of cyclopentolate.MethodsParticipants were 112 White 6‐ to 7‐year‐olds from the Child Eye Health Study. The right eye received 0.5% proxymetacaine hydrochloride and 1.0% cyclopentolate hydrochloride, and the left eye received only 1.0% cyclopentolate hydrochloride. Non‐cycloplegic and cycloplegic refractive error (at 0, 10, 20 and 30 min) was measured using a binocular, open‐field autorefractometer. Data were analysed through paired t‐tests, concordance analysis, linear regression, equivalence testing and Bland–Altman analysis, using the 95% limits of agreement.ResultsMean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) (SD) in the right eye at 0‐, 10‐, 20‐ and 30‐min post‐instillation was 0.62 (1.45) D, 1.52 (1.80) D, 1.64 (1.81) D and 1.72 (1.80) D, respectively. Mean left eye SER (SD) were 0.68 (1.24) D, 1.42 (1.66) D, 1.56 (1.66) D and 1.68 (1.72) D, respectively. Bland–Altman analysis showed a high level of agreement, and equivalence testing confirmed that there was no clinically significant difference in SER at 20 and 30 min in both eyes (within ±0.50 D), with mean differences of 0.08 (0.23) D in the right eye and 0.13 (0.30) D in the left eye (p = 0.21). However, SER at 10 and 30 min were equivalent in the right eye only.ConclusionsAccurate autorefraction values can be obtained 20‐min post‐instillation of 1.0% cyclopentolate in white children aged 6–7 years, potentially reducing clinical testing times. Proxymetacaine pre‐instillation allows for reliable measurements as early as 10‐min post‐instillation of cyclopentolate. Further research is needed to validate these findings in non‐White populations and to determine the safe discharge time post‐proxymetacaine instillation.

2025-01-01·Veterinary Ophthalmology

Mydriasis in eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) following topical administration of proparacaine, 10% phenylephrine, and rocuronium bromide

Article

作者: Petritz, Olivia A. ; Westermeyer, Hans D. ; Tucker‐Retter, Emily K.

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the mydriatic effect of topical 10% phenylephrine with 10 mg/mL rocuronium bromide and compare this protocol with and without pretreatment with proparacaine.Animals StudiedTen client‐owned pet adult eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina).ProceduresAll turtles were sedated with 8 mg/kg alfaxalone intramuscularly. One group of four turtles received four 20 μL drops of 10% phenylephrine and four 20 μL drops of rocuronium bromide in the right eye. Another group of four turtles received one standard drop of proparacaine followed by four 20 μL drops of 10% phenylephrine and four 20 μL drops of rocuronium bromide in the right eye. Two control group turtles received four 20 μL drops of saline in the right eye. The left eye was untreated in all turtles. Drops of the same type were separated by 2 min while drops of different types were separated by 5 min. Pupil size was recorded at 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min after administration of the final drop.ResultsTreatment with 10% phenylephrine and rocuronium bromide resulted in pupil diameter changes from baseline that were statistically significant from zero at 60, 90, and 120 min in the non‐proparacaine group and 90 min in the proparacaine group. The time to peak effect was 90 min in the proparacaine group and 75 min in the non‐proparacaine group. Saline‐treated pupils in the control group decreased in diameter over the study period. Overall, the treated eyes of the proparacaine group and non‐proparacaine group were not different from each other, but both dilated more than the control group.ConclusionsRocuronium bromide and 10% phenylephrine can produce effective and safe mydriasis in eastern box turtles, but there was wide interindividual variation in effectiveness. Proparacaine did not improve the mydriatic effect.

35

项与盐酸丙美卡因相关的新闻（医药）

2025-05-05

·信狐药迅

仿制药上市申请12品规收到通知书，来看看哪些品种| 新获批(4.27-5.5）

每周药品注册获批数据，分门别类呈现，一目了然。(4.27-5.5）新药上市申请无新药临床申请药品名称企业注册分类受理号DZD6008片迪哲(江苏)医药股份有限公司1CXHL2500342DZD6008片迪哲(江苏)医药股份有限公司1CXHL2500340TCC1727片北京泰德制药股份有限公司1CXHL2500226TCC1727片北京泰德制药股份有限公司1CXHL2500225X-L177胶囊中国科学院上海药物研究所1CXHL2500217X-L177胶囊中国科学院上海药物研究所1CXHL2500216X-L177胶囊中国科学院上海药物研究所1CXHL2500215TFX06片浙江扬厉医药技术有限公司1CXHL2500212TFX06片浙江扬厉医药技术有限公司1CXHL2500211Afuresertib片来凯制药(宁波)有限公司1CXHL2500210Afuresertib片来凯制药(宁波)有限公司1CXHL2500209VC005片江苏威凯尔医药科技股份有限公司1CXHL2500200SAL0140片深圳信立泰药业股份有限公司1CXHL2500196SAL0140片深圳信立泰药业股份有限公司1CXHL2500195AHB-137注射液杭州浩博医药有限公司1CXHL2500193MT-1207缓释片原研药港生命科学(辽宁)集团有限公司1CXHL2500191MT-1207缓释片原研药港生命科学(辽宁)集团有限公司1CXHL2500190MT-1207缓释片原研药港生命科学(辽宁)集团有限公司1CXHL2500189TJ0113胶囊杭州天玑济世生物科技有限公司1CXHL2500180UA026片祐森健恒生物医药(上海)有限公司1CXHL2500176UA026片祐森健恒生物医药(上海)有限公司1CXHL2500175FNX010片成都凡诺西生物医药科技有限公司1CXHL2500167FNX010片成都凡诺西生物医药科技有限公司1CXHL2500166HS-10542胶囊江苏豪森药业集团有限公司1CXHL2500164HS-10542胶囊江苏豪森药业集团有限公司1CXHL2500160BTS0327江苏诺和必拓新药研发有限公司2.2CXHL2500192AQF直服颗粒深圳珐玛易药品科技有限公司2.2CXHL2500169PA9060乳膏安徽劳斯多斯医药科技有限公司2.2;2.4CXHL2500188PA9060乳膏安徽劳斯多斯医药科技有限公司2.2;2.4CXHL2500186DYTH201片山西德元堂药业有限公司2.3CXHL2500184DYTH201片山西德元堂药业有限公司2.3CXHL2500183BNT323映恩生物制药(苏州)有限公司1CXSL2500174注射用BGB-R046广州百济神州生物制药有限公司1CXSL2500166伏欣奇拜单抗注射液长春金赛药业有限责任公司1CXSL2500163BC006单抗注射液宝船生物医药科技(上海)有限公司1CXSL2500161注射用IBB0979盛禾(中国)生物制药有限公司1CXSL2500150注射用AS1501深圳市中科艾深医药有限公司1CXSL2500145自体淋巴细胞注射液康爱瑞浩生物医药(浙江)股份有限公司1CXSL2500131注射用KJ103上海宝济药业股份有限公司1CXSL2500128DNTH103注射液元羿生物科技(上海)有限公司1CXSL2500124NCR201注射液中盛溯源(广州)生物科技有限公司1CXSL2500126XS228细胞注射液士泽生物医药(苏州)有限公司1CXSL2500121仿制药申请药品名称企业注册分类受理号盐酸苯海拉明注射液扬州中宝药业股份有限公司3CYHS2501019注射用拉氧头孢钠山东宜和生物医药科技有限公司3CYHS2401826吸入用盐酸氨溴索溶液济南景笙科技有限公司3CYHS2401655布立西坦口服溶液海南全星制药有限公司3CYHS2401578盐酸丙美卡因滴眼液浙江莎普爱思药业股份有限公司3CYHS2401525乙酰半胱氨酸注射液成都瑞尔医药科技有限公司3CYHS2400664羧甲司坦口服溶液宁波卓仑医药科技有限公司3CYHS2301344羧甲司坦口服溶液宁波卓仑医药科技有限公司3CYHS2301343地西泮直肠凝胶特丰制药有限公司3CYHS2301173维生素B12滴眼液珠海同源药业有限公司4CYHS2402170亚叶酸钙注射液森淼(山东)药业有限公司4CYHS2401985阿奇霉素干混悬剂江苏东科康德药业有限公司4CYHS2401789甲磺酸艾立布林注射液浙江星月药物科技有限公司4CYHS2302300瑞卢戈利片成都倍特药业股份有限公司3CYHL2500042米诺地尔泡沫剂(男用)山东京卫制药有限公司3CYHL2500041乙酰唑胺缓释胶囊海南灵康制药有限公司3CYHL2500037贝派度酸依折麦布片江西施美药业股份有限公司3CYHL2500034甘露醇山梨醇注射液四川美大康佳乐药业有限公司3CYHL2500033进口申请药品名称企业注册分类受理号LOU064片Novartis Pharma AG1JXHL2500026LOU064片Novartis Pharma AG1JXHL2500025LOU064片Novartis Pharma AG1JXHL2500024Bleximenib片Janssen Research & Development, LLC1JXHL2500023Bleximenib片Janssen Research & Development, LLC1JXHL2500022Bleximenib片Janssen Research & Development, LLC1JXHL2500021TAK-279胶囊Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.1JXHL2500018盐酸奎扎替尼片Daiichi Sankyo, Inc.5.1JXHL2500031盐酸奎扎替尼片Daiichi Sankyo, Inc.5.1JXHL2500030中药相关申请无注：橙色字体部分结论为不批准或收到通知件；

申请上市临床申请

2025-04-30

·药筛

NMPA五一礼包有点烫手：13个上市申请通知件！

五一节前，NMPA的礼包有点烫手啊：13个上市申请通知件！特丰的地西泮直肠凝胶，是独家申报，适应症应该是用于癫痫。原研没有进口，特丰2023年按3类申报，没有做过临床，这可能是最关键原研。成都瑞尔的乙酰半胱氨酸注射液，算是预料之中，不孤单。大家再等等，原研快要获批了！莎普爱思的盐酸丙美卡因滴眼液，算是第二次收到通知件了。这个品种还是有难度的！快速筛选药品，就用摩熵药筛小程序加客服小筛微信，进群获取第一手资讯数据

申请上市

2025-04-30

·药通社

28个品种被驳回，多个知名品种在列！

假期前一日，NMPA发布药品通知件，数量格外多——13条新注册分类仿制药上市申请被驳回。乙酰半胱氨酸注射液、吸入用盐酸氨溴索溶液等多个知名品种在列。地西泮直肠凝胶，唯一一家仿制申请被驳回。该品种1997年在美国批准上市，用于癫痫急救，起效迅速（预计2分钟内起效），但是直肠给药这种方式并不容易被患者或护理人员所接受。目前特丰制药是唯一一家提交了仿制申请的企业，原研未在国内上市，特丰制药敢于挑战此剂型也是一种突破，但可惜失败了。乙酰半胱氨酸注射液，驳回已经是第二十一家了。该品种过评真是一波三折，不过好消息是乙酰半胱氨酸注射液的原研进度可喜，Zambon已于4月24日完成了资料补充，离获批不远了。等这些3类仿制申请一家家被驳回后，未来或许会出现批量进行4类仿制申请的“盛况”。盐酸丙美卡因滴眼液，莎普爱思也失败了。该品种除了合肥立方顺利过评，兴齐眼药、兆科眼科统统失败了，这些眼科巨头纷纷折戟，这款滴眼液难度应当不低。布立西坦口服溶液，仍无企业过评。海南全星制药有限公司被驳回，该品种虽然是个口服溶液，但未必不需要进行验证性临床试验，海南全星此次仅完成BE试验进行上市申请，失败了，该品种目前暂无企业过评，另外已有三家企业已获得临床批件但未有临床进度（江苏科睿、山东京卫、江苏艾力康）。吸入用盐酸氨溴索溶液，又被驳回一家。该品种大概率是需要进行验证性临床试验，此次驳回的济南景笙科技有限公司，未在公开网络查询到其Ⅲ期临床试验记录，该品种已经有多家企业因为此原因被驳回。盐酸苯海拉明注射液，又一家企业被驳回。继河南润弘制药股份有限公司之后，扬州中宝也被驳回。该品种暂无过评，除上述两家接连被驳回外，尚有7家企业在走上市流程。但从时间上看，扬州中宝应当不是因为技术原因被驳回，上市申请在3月才受理，4月就被驳回了，可能是资料不齐全原因。4月整体被驳回品种并不多。据统计，4月份，共有28个品种仿制药一致性评价申报未通过。品种较为分散，粉雾剂、乳剂、分散片等较复杂制剂均有驳回记录，另外就是两大妇科用药。未出现某产品批量被驳回的情况，除通知件常客黄体酮和叶酸注射液外，其余品种均只有一家企业未通过，具体详见下表。表：4月仿制药一致性评价申报未通过汇总投稿/企业合作/内容沟通：华籍美人（Ww_150525）*添加请注明备注及来意

一致性评价临床研究

100 项与盐酸丙美卡因相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D02098	盐酸丙美卡因	S01HA04	DB00807

研发状态

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临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


EURETINA2024	N/A	-	60	0.5% proparacaine drops	(簾齋齋觸淵顧艱獵觸蓋) = 鏇鹹餘鏇醖壓夢淵艱廠鹽艱艱顧衊觸蓋憲襯簾 (簾顧願構鏇夢鹽獵繭窪 )	不佳	2024-09-19
				0.5% proparacaine soaked pledget	(簾齋齋觸淵顧艱獵觸蓋) = 鏇壓膚襯艱蓋鏇鬱顧壓鹽艱艱顧衊觸蓋憲襯簾 (簾顧願構鏇夢鹽獵繭窪 )
NCT02528123 (CTgov)	N/A	近视	114	Small incision lenticule extraction+Proxymetacaine 0.5%+Oxybuprocaine 0.4%+Tobramycin and dexamethasone+Ofloxacin	鏇夢艱鏇簾積選觸淵艱(糧積鹽壓鑰窪淵築顧網) = 願願襯積顧製選襯艱蓋艱繭鬱鬱觸憲鑰網積齋 (艱襯獵齋餘衊鬱觸艱鏇, 簾網膚膚積製餘醖鏇淵 ~ 鏇簾製選鬱窪鬱鹽襯顧) 更多	-	2024-04-23
NCT05238233 (CTgov)	临床4期	瞳孔不等	11	Reichert phoropter+Proparacaine Hydrochloride+Tropicamide+1% Pilocarpine	製蓋膚顧鹽齋窪網鑰襯(壓鏇襯獵蓋鑰廠餘淵鏇) = 壓鬱鏇廠壓壓網獵鑰齋憲憲選構衊艱鑰餘鏇廠 (製廠廠襯淵獵顧鏇膚獵, 網鏇淵選廠蓋醖鬱築顧 ~ 醖廠鑰夢鹹繭窪廠鬱製) 更多	-	2023-03-07
NCT02951351 (CTgov)	N/A	细菌感染 \| 糖尿病性黄斑水肿 \| 年龄相关性黄斑变性 \| 术后疼痛	36	Conjunctival culture (Standard Procedure + Culture)	糧積夢願膚夢醖醖鏇願(鬱願鹽蓋觸壓鏇淵衊鬱) = 衊鹽膚鹹範範積鏇顧餘構鹽鑰鹹範襯廠醖糧淵 (齋鑰簾鏇鏇顧築蓋餘齋, 鏇餘齋鏇製範鏇鹹遞壓 ~ 糧積蓋膚鏇淵衊範網淵) 更多	-	2019-06-25
				Conjunctival culture+Proparacaine (Proparacaine + Culture)	糧積夢願膚夢醖醖鏇願(鬱願鹽蓋觸壓鏇淵衊鬱) = 餘齋製齋鏇鑰範鑰糧顧構鹽鑰鹹範襯廠醖糧淵 (齋鑰簾鏇鏇顧築蓋餘齋, 繭範網蓋築窪鏇醖糧鑰 ~ 範壓餘餘鹹餘餘網膚餘) 更多
APAO2017	N/A	-	-	Topical 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride	淵願窪淵遞齋積鏇鑰積(壓製繭鹽觸構夢鑰觸鹽) = 糧鹽願淵糧窪鏇醖獵壓醖構齋積範範壓製齋積 (鑰襯願餘蓋製遞鹹顧選 ) 更多	-	2017-03-01
				Combined topical-intracameral injection of 0.5 cc 1% lidocaine	淵願窪淵遞齋積鏇鑰積(壓製繭鹽觸構夢鑰觸鹽) = 顧積壓膚構觸積製觸餘醖構齋積範範壓製齋積 (鑰襯願餘蓋製遞鹹顧選 ) 更多
ARVO2016	N/A	瞳孔散大	-	Tropicamide + Proparacaine + Phenylephrine	(壓鹽鏇糧齋齋積繭襯選) = 積壓選壓醖醖壓積網蓋夢選襯齋願夢網願醖夢 (襯遞衊憲窪簾願艱鏇糧, 0.78)	-	2016-05-01
				Tropicamide + Proparacaine	(壓鹽鏇糧齋齋積繭襯選) = 繭醖鏇鑰網範餘鏇觸鹽夢選襯齋願夢網願醖夢 (襯遞衊憲窪簾願艱鏇糧, 0.78)
NCT01640171 (CTgov)	N/A	糖尿病性黄斑水肿 \| 年龄相关性黄斑变性 \| 视网膜静脉阻塞	57	Proparacaine Hydrochloride+Xylocaine+Tetravisc (Topical Anesthesia 1 Eye, SC 1 Eye)	製壓顧廠鏇廠願醖遞構(鬱繭構淵選遞餘簾壓選) = 鏇醖壓範鏇蓋範繭醖膚夢願齋窪遞簾鹽壓範鹽 (夢膚鑰艱糧鏇顧鏇構鑰, 鹽餘齋築願衊膚鏇築蓋 ~ 網顧遞膚範艱齋衊顧鏇) 更多	-	2014-04-21
				Proparacaine Hydrochloride+Tetravisc (Topical Anesthesia)	顧夢襯鹹獵齋壓築窪蓋(獵廠衊鬱鏇醖鏇製觸襯) = 醖顧網膚願鹽願築繭窪艱選壓築選願糧艱艱壓 (製餘簾觸顧壓獵廠蓋憲, 選顧糧淵選構鑰憲獵積 ~ 構觸壓憲選糧淵網廠鏇) 更多
NCT01266824 (CTgov)	N/A	疼痛 \| 早产儿视网膜病变	5	Proparacaine Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution (Proparacaine)	艱簾鹹範憲餘餘鬱鬱艱(選餘觸網製壓獵餘積淵) = 蓋鏇艱蓋窪鏇繭顧鑰夢鑰積築鹽鏇襯廠鹽襯製 (鹽網積蓋簾齋襯願艱齋, 築夢衊廠顧簾鹽願淵夢 ~ 糧願鬱願選壓網糧願鹽) 更多	-	2013-03-19
				Proparacaine (Standard of Care)	艱簾鹹範憲餘餘鬱鬱艱(選餘觸網製壓獵餘積淵) = 範積艱觸鹽獵積窪蓋積鑰積築鹽鏇襯廠鹽襯製 (鹽網積蓋簾齋襯願艱齋, 製鏇鹽獵積窪鹹繭淵範 ~ 網構襯繭築膚糧製鏇簾) 更多