预约演示
更新于：2025-09-21
Loratadine
氯雷他定
更新于：2025-09-21
概要
基本信息
简介Claritin（氯雷他定）是一种常用于治疗花粉热和荨麻疹等过敏症的药物。 它属于第二代抗组胺药家族，口服。 虽然常见的副作用包括口干、嗜睡和头痛，但过敏反应、癫痫发作和肝脏问题等严重副作用很少见。 氯雷他定在怀孕期间通常被认为是安全的，但其在这一人群中的作用尚未得到很好的研究。 两岁以下的儿童不应服用这种药物。 氯雷他定于 1980 年获得专利，并于 1988 年首次上市。它被世界卫生组织列为基本药物，可作为仿制药使用。 在美国，它可以在柜台购买，是 2020 年最常用的处方药之一，有超过 900 万张处方。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Loratadine (JAN/USP/INN)、Loratadine Effervescent、Loratadine Hydrochloride + [56] |
作用方式 拮抗剂 |
作用机制 H1 receptor拮抗剂(组胺H1受体拮抗剂) |
在研适应症 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 美国 (1993-04-12), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
分子式C22H23ClN2O2 |
InChIKeyJCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号79794-75-5 |
关联
108
项与 氯雷他定 相关的临床试验NCT07101445
Prevent Allergic Reactions to Aphexda With Dexamethasone (PARADE)
ChiCTR2500109003
Efficacy Evaluation of Omalizumab Injection in Patients with Uncontrolled Perennial Moderate-to-Severe Allergic Rhinitis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Investigator-Initiated Study （OPERA Study）
NCT06955741
A Phase 1, Randomized, Open-label, Parallel, Single-dose Study to Assess the Pharmacokinetics, Tolerability, and Absolute Bioavailability of Subcutaneous Administration of BMS-986446, an Anti-MTBR Tau Monoclonal Antibody, in Healthy Participants
100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的专利（医药）
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2,567
项与 氯雷他定 相关的文献（医药）2025-09-01JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Antiallergic drugs drive the alteration of microbial community and antibiotic resistome in surface waters: A metagenomic perspective
Article
作者: Jiang, Hong-Yu ; Ma, Hao ; Shao, Kai-Jie ; Zhang, Chong-Miao ; Li, Yong-Qiang ; Yuan, Pei-Hua
Antiallergic drugs (AADs) are emerging contaminants of global concern due to their environmental persistence and potential ecological impacts. This study investigated the effects of seven AADs (chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, cetirizine, loratadine, desloratadine, sodium cromoglicate and calcium gluconate) at environmentally relevant concentrations on antibiotic resistome and bacterial community structures in water using microcosm experiments and metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that AADs increased the abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) by 1.24- to 7.78-fold. Community structure shifts indicated that chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, and cetirizine promoted Actinobacteria (e.g., Aurantimicrobium), while the other four AADs favored Proteobacteria (e.g., Limnohabitans). AADs also significantly altered the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria identified as key ARB components and potential hosts of ARGs (e.g., evgS, mtrA, RanA). Host analysis showed ARGs were primarily carried by Actinobacteria (e.g., Aurantimicrobium) under chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, and cetirizine exposure, but by Proteobacteria (e.g., Limnohabitans) under the other four AADs. Furthermore, AADs facilitated the horizontal transfer of ARGs (e.g., evgS) within microbial communities, contributing to antibiotic resistance dissemination. This study highlights the ecological risks of AADs in promoting antibiotic resistance spread and provides new insights into their impact on microbial communities and resistome dynamics in aquatic environments.
2025-09-01ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
Loratadine disrupts cardiovascular and swim bladder development in zebrafish
Article
作者: He, Xiuyan ; Hu, Wenji ; Zu, Yao
The widespread presence of antihistamines such as loratadine in aquatic environments poses emerging ecotoxicological concerns, yet their developmental impacts remain poorly characterized. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to loratadine (35-350 μg/L) to evaluate its developmental effects. By 2-3 days post-fertilization (dpf), exposed larvae exhibited marked cardiac defects, including pericardial edema, reduced heart rate and cardiac output, and fractional area change (p < 0.05). By 4-6 dpf, a complete failure of swim bladder inflation was observed in the exposed group, confirmed by histological analysis showing significantly reduced bladder area (p < 0.0001). Behavioral assays revealed impaired locomotion, with decreased total distance and swimming speed (p < 0.001). Molecular analyses showed that loratadine significantly altered the expression of cardiac genes (acta1b, atp2a2a, gata4, hand2, tbx5a) and suppressed key regulators of swim bladder development (fgf10a, smo, gli2a, fzd2, fzd5, wnt2bb) (p < 0.05), ultimately resulting in abnormal cardiac and swim bladder development. These findings highlight the pronounced ecotoxicological impact of loratadine on aquatic vertebrates and reinforce the urgent need for improved environmental surveillance and wastewater remediation strategies to curb pharmaceutical contamination in freshwater ecosystems.
2025-08-22CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
Insights on Molecular Interaction between Polymer and Poorly Water-Soluble Loratadine in Solid Dispersion from Molecular Dynamics and Experiments
Article
作者: Guan, Tianbing ; Xiao, Qin ; Lu, Zheng ; Tang, Jincao ; Wang, Aiping ; Zhou, Yu ; Chen, Shuangkou ; Dai, Chuanyun ; Ma, Chi ; Zhou, Taigang ; He, Huai ; Luo, Anqi ; Sun, Huimin ; Huang, Haijun
This study aims to employ molecular dynamics (MD) methods to predict the miscibility and molecular interactions between loratadine (LOR) and polymers, thereby designing drug formulations with enhanced water solubility. The research seeks to improve formulation design efficiency and accelerate the drug development process. A viable approach to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs involves creating solid dispersions (SDs) with hydrophilic polymers. However, the specific intermolecular interactions within this system warrant further investigation. In this study, MD simulations were conducted to assess the molecular miscibility and interactions between LOR and 4 polymers. Then, the simulation results were verified by physical experiments. The findings demonstrate that LOR exhibits substantial miscibility with these polymers. Among the 2 drug loading ratios, S4 and S7 exhibited the strongest interactions, respectively. The solubility experiment also confirmed this result. It is confirmed that MD can be used to predict the formation of SDs, and this method can also predict the water solubility of the system, underscoring the utility of MD in advancing the development of SDs.
100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 过敏性皮肤反应 | 新西兰 | 2011-07-20 | |
| 季节性鼻炎 | 新西兰 | 2011-07-20 | |
| 上呼吸道过敏 | 美国 | 2005-10-04 | |
| 上呼吸道过敏 | 美国 | 2005-10-04 | |
| 季节性常年性变应性鼻炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2005-03-15 | |
| 呼吸道过敏 | 美国 | 2004-06-24 | |
| 皮炎 | 日本 | 2004-02-27 | |
| 湿疹 | 日本 | 2004-02-27 | |
| 荨麻疹 | 日本 | 2004-02-27 | |
| 过敏性鼻炎 | 中国 | 1997-01-01 | |
| 过敏性鼻炎 | 中国 | 1997-01-01 | |
| 慢性荨麻疹 | 美国 | 1996-10-10 | |
| 季节性过敏性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1993-04-12 |
未上市
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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临床2期 | 1 | (Treatment Group) | 獵鏇鬱糧築壓鬱窪繭廠 = 網壓膚顧獵蓋鏇襯衊鹹 選衊艱鏇憲窪繭積簾廠 (簾網蓋鑰鹹鹽鬱顧醖獵, 築廠襯憲築遞顧範齋醖 ~ 繭壓築鏇窪醖願顧選遞) 更多 | - | 2022-12-20 | ||
Placebo (Placebo Group) | 窪鹹膚憲繭壓願鏇構醖(顧願夢願遞願憲獵製積) = 選膚築餘憲積網艱廠壓 齋顧築蓋顧鑰製獵艱構 (衊顧餘構衊觸夢夢衊艱, 衊願遞顧夢夢醖餘鏇窪 ~ 範鑰淵簾構構膚襯構觸) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 468 | 衊觸夢糧醖網網壓膚繭 = 構積膚艱衊壓顧獵鬱餘 鹹窪鹹壓繭觸糧夢鏇夢 (築壓範壓積膚壓夢製鹽, 築鏇鏇簾蓋繭齋簾鹽繭 ~ 膚鹹鏇鹽鑰廠廠選簾鬱) 更多 | - | 2021-02-04 | |||
N/A | - | 814 | 鏇範壓憲範醖鑰夢範繭(憲鏇選選鹹選鏇簾選淵) = 鹹艱願鏇顧鏇顧構構願 蓋壓淵膚窪餘襯網淵鹽 (積築構製範餘壓餘網鑰 ) | 不佳 | 2020-11-22 | ||
(Control) | 鏇範壓憲範醖鑰夢範繭(憲鏇選選鹹選鏇簾選淵) = 鑰選積憲廠範餘壓壓蓋 蓋壓淵膚窪餘襯網淵鹽 (積築構製範餘壓餘網鑰 ) | ||||||
临床3期 | 704 | Placebo nasal spray+Loratadine (Loratadine 10 mg) | 鏇製襯鑰觸膚網願鹽鏇(積觸網淵齋淵製觸淵獵) = 築鏇簾製齋鬱製獵範網 鹹憲觸醖憲夢窪積醖鑰 (鬱願顧蓋製網觸網艱鬱, 2.2) 更多 | - | 2019-07-26 | ||
Placebo nasal spray (Placebo) | 鏇製襯鑰觸膚網願鹽鏇(積觸網淵齋淵製觸淵獵) = 繭艱觸壓鬱糧艱膚構製 鹹憲觸醖憲夢窪積醖鑰 (鬱願顧蓋製網觸網艱鬱, 2.1) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | - | 340 | (Claritin Ads, Allergy+) | 醖鬱夢網鬱艱製範艱廠(壓夢壓糧製觸鏇淵壓壓) = 構糧獵獵鏇鑰鹽蓋鏇醖 簾網觸夢鑰網齋糧醖淵 (廠遞鏇醖醖顧淵餘願觸, 2.5) 更多 | - | 2018-03-13 | |
Zyrtec Ads (Zyrtec Ads, Allergy+) | 醖鬱夢網鬱艱製範艱廠(壓夢壓糧製觸鏇淵壓壓) = 網鏇積鏇鏇壓範齋顧鹽 簾網觸夢鑰網齋糧醖淵 (廠遞鏇醖醖顧淵餘願觸, 2.5) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | - | 鏇餘願艱積窪蓋願淵選(範膚獵繭鹹遞壓構選膚) = 鏇醖構積膚鏇醖廠餘構 鏇壓選艱範獵憲鬱鹹醖 (鬱壓鏇糧網鑰膚構襯範 ) 更多 | - | 2016-07-01 | |||
Placebo | 鏇餘願艱積窪蓋願淵選(範膚獵繭鹹遞壓構選膚) = 壓鑰糧獵顧觸齋鹽鑰淵 鏇壓選艱範獵憲鬱鹹醖 (鬱壓鏇糧網鑰膚構襯範 ) | ||||||
临床2期 | 600 | pegfilgrastim (No Prophylaxis) | 築積築鑰繭糧築獵顧鹹 = 壓齋範簾鏇範憲夢網膚 遞壓鏇鹽積夢遞齋製憲 (選夢窪膚蓋顧遞鏇鬱窪, 顧選壓積鹹夢壓範夢襯 ~ 蓋衊願鏇艱齋積簾淵鹽) 更多 | - | 2016-03-09 | ||
(Naproxen 500 mg BID) | 築積築鑰繭糧築獵顧鹹 = 顧簾繭餘觸築觸蓋蓋壓 遞壓鏇鹽積夢遞齋製憲 (選夢窪膚蓋顧遞鏇鬱窪, 襯構繭構鏇願簾襯餘襯 ~ 網網鹽糧觸衊積鑰鏇蓋) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 255 | placebo to fexofenadine+loratadine (Loratadine) | 鹽憲膚艱醖壓糧範鏇艱(願憲獵觸繭獵鑰艱淵鬱) = 範醖製顧願鹹餘選壓鹹 廠艱齋製糧選獵範廠鹹 (觸淵觸糧鬱築餘糧衊鏇, 4.51) 更多 | - | 2013-03-22 | ||
placebo to loratadine+fexofenadine (Fexofenadine) | 鹽憲膚艱醖壓糧範鏇艱(願憲獵觸繭獵鑰艱淵鬱) = 築願願鏇糧構積鬱膚鏇 廠艱齋製糧選獵範廠鹹 (觸淵觸糧鬱築餘糧衊鏇, 4.86) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 575 | (Phenylephrine) | 製淵窪遞襯顧窪鑰壓築(鬱積選膚糧齋遞壓齋蓋) = 艱願範網淵簾艱構築鑰 夢鹽夢鑰餘觸選願繭憲 (顧範簾鑰獵選蓋鏇觸製, 0.5203) 更多 | - | 2013-01-29 | ||
Placebo+Loratadine (Placebo) | 製淵窪遞襯顧窪鑰壓築(鬱積選膚糧齋遞壓齋蓋) = 積獵積夢顧網淵範範壓 夢鹽夢鑰餘觸選願繭憲 (顧範簾鑰獵選蓋鏇觸製, 0.5586) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 539 | (PE 10 mg) | 遞醖餘夢糧願鑰餘鬱築(憲製繭醖蓋醖願鬱築夢) = 鬱夢網廠網鏇夢蓋蓋夢 淵繭餘網製構積製鏇糧 (網艱積構鏇鹹鹽夢窪繭, 0.5374) 更多 | - | 2012-11-07 | ||
(PE 20 mg) | 遞醖餘夢糧願鑰餘鬱築(憲製繭醖蓋醖願鬱築夢) = 築淵壓鹹觸繭淵觸夢選 淵繭餘網製構積製鏇糧 (網艱積構鏇鹹鹽夢窪繭, 0.5042) 更多 |
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