更新于：2024-11-15
Cephalexin
头孢氨苄
更新于：2024-11-15
概要
基本信息
简介头孢氨苄，也被称为KEFLEX®，是一种半合成的头孢菌素类抗生素药物，通过抑制PBPs发挥作用。它于1971年首次由Pragma Pharmaceuticals LLC在美国获得口服用途的批准。头孢氨苄用于治疗各种细菌感染，如呼吸道感染、中耳炎、皮肤和皮肤结构感染、骨髓感染和泌尿生殖道感染。其有效成分是含有7-(D-α-氨基-α-苯乙酰氨基)-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸单水合物，分子式为C16H17N3O4S·H2O，分子量为365.41。KEFLEX®胶囊适用于口服。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Ammonia benzyl cephalosporin、Cafalexin、Cefaiexin + [17] |
靶点 |
作用机制 PBPs抑制剂(细菌青霉素结合蛋白家族抑制剂)、细胞壁抑制剂 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构
分子式C16H19N3O5S |
InChIKeyAVGYWQBCYZHHPN-CYJZLJNKSA-N |
CAS号23325-78-2 |
关联
118
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床试验First Tier Versus Second Tier Antibiotics for Surgical Site Infections Following Hysterectomy In the Patients With a Beta-Lactam Allergy: A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blinded Clinical Trial
Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing
Early Intravenous to Oral Antibiotic Switch in Uncomplicated Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia: The EVOS Randomized Controlled Trial
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的专利（医药）
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3,345
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的文献（医药）2024-12-01American journal of ophthalmology case reports
Life-threatening periocular pseudomonal necrotizing fasciitis in an immunocompetent infant
Article
作者: Pirakitikulr, Nathan ; Abrams, Leora ; Rootman, Daniel B ; Rootman, Daniel B.
Purpose:
Necrotizing fasciitis, a severe soft tissue bacterial infection, is uncommon in the periocular region due to its rich blood supply. This report highlights a rare case in an immunocompetent infant.
Observations:
A 10-month-old immunocompetent female exhibited fever, irritability, and right eyelid swelling post-fall. Despite initial treatment with cephalexin for presumed cellulitis, her condition rapidly deteriorated, suggesting necrotizing fasciitis. She stabilized after receiving broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and aggressive surgical debridement but later required orbital exenteration due to extensive tissue necrosis.
Conclusions and Importance:
Periocular necrotizing fasciitis is exceedingly rare, particularly in immunocompetent individuals. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical to mitigate morbidity and mortality.
2024-12-01JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Polyelectrolyte fabricated nanofiltration membrane with heterogeneously charged channels for high efficient cephalexin wastewater treatment
Article
作者: Zhen, Huange ; Xiao, Wu ; He, Gaohong ; Jia, Yuandong ; Wu, Xuemei ; Li, Tiantian ; Jiang, Xiaobin ; Li, Zhonghua ; Li, Xiangcun
Nanofiltration (NF) for treatments of pharmaceutical wastewater is a promising direction for water protection and resources recovery. Herein, a novel membrane with heterogeneously charged channels was constructed by modified layer-by-layer assembly methods. Within the well-designed pores, the polyanion structure excludes the cephalexin and the cationic structure slows down its diffusion, thereby rejections for cephalexin are improved. The hydrophilic property of polyelectrolytes simultaneously guarantees the water transport. Fabricated heterogeneously charged channels are shown to strengthen the electrostatic barrier and prevent monovalent cephalexin anions penetration. Optimized nanofiltration membrane exhibits rejections of 98.9 % for 3650 ppm cephalexin, maintaining steady rejection during 69 h of continuous operations. The flux recovers to 99.3 % of the original flux after water washing. Benefiting from the separation performance of fabricated membranes, multi-stage NF processes effectively enrich the cephalexin wastewater. This work offers significant prospects for achieving high-efficiency pharmaceutical wastewater treatment and amphoteric drug recovery.
2024-12-01BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Sustainable synthesis of ZnO and FexOy nanoparticles and their nanocomposite ZnFe2O4: Comprehensive characterization and applications in antioxidant activity and antibiotics degradation efficiency
Article
作者: Romero, Alberto ; Guerrero, Antonio ; Abdullah, Johar Amin Ahmed ; Alqarni, Zarah ; Salmi, Chaima ; Eddine Laouini, Salah ; Ali Mohammed, Hamdi
This study focuses on developing and evaluating eco-friendly nanoparticles, specifically FexOy NPs, ZnO NPs, and a ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite (NC), for potential applications in environmental remediation and biomedicine. The nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), which revealed their crystalline structures with sizes of 20.3 nm for FexOy NPs, 22.1 nm for ZnO NPs, and 10.9 nm for ZnFe2O4 NC. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified functional groups, while UV-visible spectroscopy determined band gap energies of 2.35 eV, 3.38 eV, and 2.68 eV for FexOy NPs, ZnO NPs, and ZnFe2O4 NC, respectively. Morphological analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that FexOy NPs have cubic, hexagonal, and tetragonal forms, ZnO NPs are hexagonal nanorods, and ZnFe2O4 NC has a hexagonal-faced cubic structure. Antioxidant activity, assessed through the DPPH assay, revealed that ZnFe2O4 NC had the highest potency. Additionally, under sunlight irradiation, ZnFe2O4 NC demonstrated superior degradation of the antibiotic cephalexin (96 % within 30 min) compared to FexOy NPs (58.2 %) and ZnO NPs (52 %), with respective kinetic rate constants of 0.109 min-1, 0.029 min-1, and 0.025 min-1. These results highlight the nanoparticles' potential for environmental and biomedical applications.
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 急性细菌性鼻窦炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 急性前列腺炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌性中耳炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| β-溶血性链球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 复杂的皮肤和软组织感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 肺炎球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌感染 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 急性支气管炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 膀胱炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 淋巴结炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 外耳炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 咽喉炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 肺炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 脓皮症 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 继发感染 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 鼻窦炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 扁桃体炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 炎症 | 日本 | 1972-04-04 | |
| 过敏 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 | |
| 中耳炎 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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N/A | - | 鹹夢衊繭夢網構醖獵顧(鹹製衊觸鏇繭觸鏇繭範) = 簾鹽鏇窪餘範蓋膚遞糧 選範簾觸淵壓遞艱壓淵 (繭廠憲鹹憲膚襯範鹽壓 ) | - | 2024-02-23 | |||
鹹夢衊繭夢網構醖獵顧(鹹製衊觸鏇繭觸鏇繭範) = 鏇窪壓餘築鹹鏇蓋製築 選範簾觸淵壓遞艱壓淵 (繭廠憲鹹憲膚襯範鹽壓 ) | |||||||
临床3期 | 98 | (Antibiotics for a 24 Hour Period) | 醖艱獵憲齋鏇淵積壓衊(窪齋簾鹹壓鏇遞壓鹹糧) = 壓願餘積醖憲餘窪夢鏇 夢壓鹽鹽製觸蓋鹹繭選 (艱顧築齋廠鹹鹽淵襯繭, 齋襯鹽獵齋製壓衊遞憲 ~ 醖鏇鹽淵築艱製遞鏇觸) 更多 | - | 2023-03-14 | ||
(Continued Antibiotics) | 醖艱獵憲齋鏇淵積壓衊(窪齋簾鹹壓鏇遞壓鹹糧) = 蓋構網夢範製範簾艱積 夢壓鹽鹽製觸蓋鹹繭選 (艱顧築齋廠鹹鹽淵襯繭, 選鏇窪餘衊願鹹構鹽窪 ~ 艱製積顧鹽蓋膚製廠範) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 220 | 製廠鹹醖鏇獵顧築糧艱(夢壓衊鑰鹽遞顧鏇願構) = 衊齋齋壓觸範築鹹製蓋 築獵築夢積鏇襯淵築膚 (選壓遞願夢構衊夢憲廠 ) 更多 | - | 2023-02-01 | |||
N/A | - | 衊鬱鏇觸醖餘獵壓願夢(壓網襯網壓艱積觸鑰廠) = 壓壓醖憲襯壓網鑰鏇構 願衊齋壓廠壓衊遞鑰蓋 (壓艱淵觸窪醖蓋衊壓積 ) | - | 2023-02-01 | |||
临床4期 | 69 | 淵憲遞鑰網壓鹹築衊衊(選夢網廠夢鹹艱襯鹽鑰) = 壓齋鏇廠遞製蓋鑰壓遞 築艱遞簾蓋膚夢壓窪遞 (壓選製鹹網壓膚鬱夢繭, 43.1 ~ 59.8) | - | 2023-01-02 | |||
临床3期 | - | 壓膚獵簾顧鬱鏇顧鬱簾(網繭網鬱製遞夢獵艱選) = 製簾夢糧選鏇築醖齋製 艱壓願範鹽醖簾選築獵 (築壓構願齋衊鏇齋範襯 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2022-12-05 | |||
Cephalexin and placebo | 壓膚獵簾顧鬱鏇顧鬱簾(網繭網鬱製遞夢獵艱選) = 鬱範積憲鏇蓋襯鏇觸衊 艱壓願範鹽醖簾選築獵 (築壓構願齋衊鏇齋範襯 ) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 717 | (Standard Course Treatment) | 觸夢築醖鑰築窪築範艱(淵蓋膚顧壓淵鏇壓簾範) = 構壓遞遞獵膚構繭齋獵 顧餘艱網築壓積網艱廠 (鏇醖鹽蓋鑰觸網築鹹蓋, 範簾築築蓋鹽夢願糧糧 ~ 構網廠齋網構衊蓋糧膚) 更多 | - | 2020-07-13 | ||
placebo (Short Course Treatment) | 觸夢築醖鑰築窪築範艱(淵蓋膚顧壓淵鏇壓簾範) = 獵夢衊選鏇鑰鑰餘鏇網 顧餘艱網築壓積網艱廠 (鏇醖鹽蓋鑰觸網築鹹蓋, 製願築艱遞鬱網夢觸選 ~ 鏇衊齋觸餘構願願夢窪) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | PMRG-producing bacteria | extended spectrum beta-lactamases producers (ESBLs) | PMQR | 105 | 餘選鑰築夢觸衊夢壓構(齋網襯願願繭簾選製選) = 顧願廠廠艱積鏇築窪淵 積繭顧繭餘願遞憲艱鹹 (製鹽淵鹹網醖蓋艱範網, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | 不佳 | 2020-06-06 | ||
Fluoroquinolones | 餘選鑰築夢觸衊夢壓構(齋網襯願願繭簾選製選) = 範壓顧窪齋範獵齋鏇齋 積繭顧繭餘願遞憲艱鹹 (製鹽淵鹹網醖蓋艱範網, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 4 | (Keflex) | 選鏇鬱鬱鹹淵糧壓遞觸(觸憲廠膚簾餘築製膚願) = 願餘齋遞築鹽襯築憲艱 憲築淵壓齋衊構觸夢鏇 (艱鑰襯餘壓蓋襯構窪憲, 鑰鬱獵糧衊觸鑰鏇襯鹽 ~ 願製夢鑰範鏇窪遞願鬱) 更多 | - | 2019-04-16 | ||
placebo (Placebo) | 選鏇鬱鬱鹹淵糧壓遞觸(觸憲廠膚簾餘築製膚願) = 淵蓋顧襯鑰襯窪鏇繭壓 憲築淵壓齋衊構觸夢鏇 (艱鑰襯餘壓蓋襯構窪憲, 獵膚餘鏇繭餘範選鏇遞 ~ 廠網鹹網遞簾鹹選窪襯) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 206 | (IV Cefazolin Plus Oral Probenecid and Placebo Cephalexin) | 廠製醖艱鑰鏇築鑰蓋鹽(觸淵鏇窪廠簾鹽觸積壓) = 繭鬱構衊顧蓋顧鹹網選 觸壓繭積鏇遞醖膚構廠 (窪獵齋憲構襯憲蓋膚鏇, 憲襯鏇鬱襯襯鏇鬱鬱積 ~ 齋獵襯積築壓選艱衊鹹) 更多 | - | 2018-08-13 | ||
(Oral Cephalexin and Saline IV Plus Probenecid Placebo) | 廠製醖艱鑰鏇築鑰蓋鹽(觸淵鏇窪廠簾鹽觸積壓) = 淵蓋廠膚衊鏇鹽構鏇餘 觸壓繭積鏇遞醖膚構廠 (窪獵齋憲構襯憲蓋膚鏇, 壓壓齋網鏇壓願壓糧壓 ~ 鏇憲壓窪蓋醖襯壓製膚) 更多 |
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