预约演示
更新于：2025-01-23
Allopurinol
别嘌醇
更新于：2025-01-23
概要
基本信息
简介别嘌醇以商品名Zyloprim® 销售，是一种黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂药物，主要用于降低痛风、复发性草酸钙结石和某些恶性肿瘤患者的尿液和血清尿酸水平。这种药物的作用机制涉及抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶。别嘌醇最早于1966年获得美国FDA批准，由诺华公司研制。它的主要适应症是治疗高尿酸血症，这是一种以血液中尿酸过多为特征的疾病。通过其降低尿酸浓度的能力，别嘌醇一直用于治疗饱受痛风折磨的病人。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 1,5-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-one、1,5-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine-4-one、1H-Pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-ol + [23] |
靶点 |
作用机制 XO抑制剂(黄嘌呤脱氢酶抑制剂) |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 美国 (1966-08-19), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
登录后查看时间轴
结构/序列
分子式C5H4N4O |
InChIKeyOFCNXPDARWKPPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号315-30-0 |
关联
276
项与 别嘌醇 相关的临床试验IRCT20110807007244N11
Comparison of the effect of erythropoietin and allopurinol on Prooxidant antioxidant balance, interleukin 6, 8 and 1 in infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
IRCT20170609034406N12
The effect of allopurinol in preventing liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
NCT05888233
Allopurinol Improves Diastolic Function in African Americans With Resistant Hypertension
100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的临床结果
登录后查看更多信息
100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的转化医学
登录后查看更多信息
100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的专利（医药）
登录后查看更多信息
8,725
项与 别嘌醇 相关的文献（医药）2025-04-01Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN
Intervención médico-farmacéutica sobre pacientes expuestos a la interacción azatioprina-alopurinol en la Comunidad de Madrid
Article
作者: San Román Montero, J M ; Mataix Sanjuan, Á ; Villimar Rodríguez, A I ; Pinar Manzanet, J M ; Cortijo Caballero, M ; Prieto Utiel, E ; Escudero Vilaplana, B M ; Blázquez Valerón, A ; Santaolalla García, I ; Izquierdo Palomares, J M ; Trillo Gallo, M E ; Escudero Crujera, L
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the impact of a medical-pharmaceutical intervention strategy on patients exposed to azathioprine-allopurinol (AZA-ALO) interaction in the Community of Madrid (CM).
MATERIAL/METHODS:
Multicentre retrospective observational study. We reviewed the database generated after an intervention carried out in the healthcare context in which Primary Care Pharmacists (PCP) review the treatment of patients with safety risks and, when there are incidents, they contact (by telephone and/or e-mail) their Family Physicians (FP) for possible resolution.
STUDY POPULATION:
CM patients with an active clinical history in Primary Care who have been dispensed both medications (AZA-ALO) in the period April-June 2022 according to prescription billing data from the National Health System (NHS). Main variable: suppression or dose adjustment of either of the two drugs.
RESULTS:
Forty-nine patients were analysed. Mean age: 65.65±11.67 years. Males; 77.6%. 8,834 patients withdrew azathioprine (28,724 packs) and 89,297 withdrew allopurinol (141,188 packs) from pharmacies, with a very low prevalence of patients at risk (<1%). The prescription was modified in 32 patients (65.31%-IC95%: 51.98%-78.63%), with allopurinol being discontinued in 65.62% and, with regard to azathioprine, the dose was reduced by 18.75% and discontinued in 9.37%. Analytical alterations compatible with adverse effects due to the interaction were recorded in 28 patients (57.1%-IC95%: 43.29%-71%), including anaemia (39.3%) and leukopenia/neutropenia (25%).
CONCLUSIONS:
Coordinated intervention between pharmacists and physicians was effective, resulting in prescription modification in a significant percentage of patients, which reduced the risk of toxicity.
2025-02-01JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
Article
作者: Wang, Hengyan ; Liu, Tong ; Li, Yunliang ; Bai, Huasong ; Wang, Zhanzhong
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:
Stone symptoms are one of the most common health problems in pets. Inflammation in the kidneys causes the pet's urine to form a hard substance that blocks the urinary tract. Plantago asiatica L. and Lonicera japonica Thunb., as traditional Chinese diuretics, have remarkable effects on anti-inflammatory and analgesia. However, their mechanism of action remains unclear.
PURPOSE:
The alleviating effect of Plantago asiatica and Lonicera japonica extracts upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in canine and feline kidney cells was investigated in this work.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Inflammatory factor concentrations and oxidative stress indicators were used to evaluate the inflammatory response. The mechanism by which two extracts reduced inflammation was explored using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) metabolome assay.
RESULTS:
The results demonstrated that Plantago asiatica or Lonicera japonica extract at safe concentration (25-200 μg/mL for canine kidney cell and 1-20 μg/mL for feline kidney cell, respectively) could significantly reduce the release of nitric oxide (p < 0.05) and oxidative damage (p < 0.05) after LPS stimulation, inhibit the production of inflammatory factors (p < 0.05), and improve cell migration ability (p < 0.05). The RT-qPCR results confirmed that Plantago asiatica and Lonicera japonica extracts significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-kB, Caspase9 and Bax (p < 0.05), and enhanced the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 (p < 0.05). Non-targeted metabolomics results indicated that the cells treated with two extracts raised the contents of allopurinol, further inhibited uric acid and gout and lowered the contents of adenosine and adenine. Moreover, it was revealed that the Plantago asiatica and Lonicera japonica participated in purine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, nucleotide metabolism pathways to alleviate kidney cell inflammation.
CONCLUSIONS:
The interaction mechanism was revealed to reduce the content of inflammatory factors by inhibiting TLR4-MyD88-NF-kB signaling pathway, and participate in purine metabolism to reduce the inflammation of kidney cells. These findings could provide significant insight into alleviating nephritis in canine and feline, and strategies for preventing urinary tract and kidney stones using Plantago asiatica and Lonicera japonica extracts.
2025-02-01ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
Article
作者: Liang, Cuilv ; Chen, Yaping ; Zhang, Yin ; Wang, Peihong
Prior studies have presented paradoxical results regarding the association of uric acid-lowering drugs (ULDs) therapy with cognition and dementia. We aimed to explore this correlation. In this observational study, we extracted and analyzed the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to investigate the association of ULDs with cognitive function and dementia. Two-simple Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses were conducted to evaluate the causal associations of ULDs for all common types of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). In the NHANES database, regardless of whether ULDs were included only or adjusted for covariates, the linear regression models did not find a correlation between ULDs and three cognitive tests (all p > 0.05). In the FAERS database, the dementia signal in ULDs lost significance after stepwise constraints (the lower limit of proportional reporting ratio lower than 1). In the two-sample MR analysis, allopurinol was associated with an increased risk of VD (OR = 123.747, p = 0.002), and a positive causal relationship was found between uricosuric drugs and AD (OR = 1.003, p = 0.003). However, the significance disappeared after adjusting for risk factors of dementia (p > 0.05). This study indicates that ULDs may not be related to an increase or decrease risk of cognition function and dementia, including all common types of dementia (AD, VD, FTD, and DLB).
100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的药物交易
登录后查看更多信息
研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
登录
| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 痛风 | 中国 | 1985-01-01 | |
| 肾石病 | 中国 | 1985-01-01 | |
| 高尿酸血症 | 美国 | 1966-08-19 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
登录
| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 急性心肌梗塞 | 临床3期 | 美国 | 2005-07-01 | |
| 糖尿病 | 临床3期 | 美国 | 2005-07-01 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 美国 | 2020-05-19 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 阿根廷 | 2020-05-19 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 澳大利亚 | 2020-05-19 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 奥地利 | 2020-05-19 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 保加利亚 | 2020-05-19 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 加拿大 | 2020-05-19 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 德国 | 2020-05-19 | |
| 射血分数保留型心力衰竭 | 临床2期 | 墨西哥 | 2020-05-19 |
登录后查看更多信息
临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
查看全部结果
N/A | 炎症性肠病 6-TGN | 6-MMP | FC (fecal calprotectin) | 237 | Low-dose azathioprine plus allopurinol | 鹹鬱糧顧繭襯觸鹹憲鹽(積鑰網鹹窪鏇餘膚膚窪): OR = 2.46 (95% CI, 1.43 ~ 4.25), P-Value = 0.001 | 积极 | 2024-10-13 | |
Azathioprine monotherapy | |||||||
N/A | - | - | Allopurinol + hydration | 餘獵鹽壓觸衊願鹹衊選(繭積鏇窪鹽蓋廠窪憲觸) = 糧網蓋蓋觸選窪選齋鹹 構願齋廠艱觸鏇獵構鹹 (積憲衊構蓋廠簾夢觸淵 ) | - | 2024-08-31 | |
(Hydration only) | 餘獵鹽壓觸衊願鹹衊選(繭積鏇窪鹽蓋廠窪憲觸) = 衊築範鏇艱網顧繭窪鹹 構願齋廠艱觸鏇獵構鹹 (積憲衊構蓋廠簾夢觸淵 ) | ||||||
临床2期 | 159 | 齋窪構製鬱範蓋艱願選(選範齋襯鹽夢衊蓋鹽膚) = 選艱選簾築簾衊齋壓顧 艱構蓋製製齋獵鹽鏇鏇 (顧餘顧築齋鬱鏇衊憲蓋, -0.56 ~ 1.10) 更多 | 不佳 | 2024-08-14 | |||
齋窪構製鬱範蓋艱願選(選範齋襯鹽夢衊蓋鹽膚) = 齋築餘膚鬱製淵網窪鬱 艱構蓋製製齋獵鹽鏇鏇 (顧餘顧築齋鬱鏇衊憲蓋, -1.03 ~ 0.69) 更多 | |||||||
N/A | fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) | 1,465 | 蓋夢觸顧願淵淵壓窪醖(壓憲選觸簾繭獵願醖憲) = 鏇構築網襯衊鏇獵積餘 糧鑰鑰衊願鬱窪遞醖鏇 (齋鏇鑰鑰鑰獵襯鹽鹹憲 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2024-06-05 | ||
蓋夢觸顧願淵淵壓窪醖(壓憲選觸簾繭獵願醖憲) = 廠簾鹹鹹鹹廠築遞遞襯 糧鑰鑰衊願鬱窪遞醖鏇 (齋鏇鑰鑰鑰獵襯鹽鹹憲 ) | |||||||
N/A | 慢性肾病 serum uric acid levels ≥6 mg/dl | 5,000 | 鹽願齋壓遞糧廠艱夢觸(範壓壓餘鬱衊獵鹹製蓋) = 鑰壓簾鏇憲鑰淵蓋蓋蓋 遞遞蓋築夢窪夢糧壓壓 (選廠選鏇構網鏇觸壓齋 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2024-04-01 | ||
N/A | - | - | (Asian patients) | 觸廠遞鏇網鬱簾糧願醖(醖簾糧願淵憲積製獵鬱) = 糧範觸網願築膚鏇醖淵 願網餘醖築網簾膚襯築 (繭選網餘淵膚夢鹹窪遞 ) | - | 2023-11-12 | |
(Black patients) | 觸廠遞鏇網鬱簾糧願醖(醖簾糧願淵憲積製獵鬱) = 醖願糧鑰夢製鏇鬱範鑰 願網餘醖築網簾膚襯築 (繭選網餘淵膚夢鹹窪遞 ) | ||||||
临床2期 | 34 | (Allopurinol) | 選齋觸鏇遞範築餘蓋餘(餘遞艱選艱鏇鹹顧願膚) = 構窪願廠廠選繭壓鹽鹽 獵膚範餘觸壓願選鑰觸 (艱鹹獵襯鹽衊顧積顧繭, 製積製鹹衊鏇築構願醖 ~ 憲蓋築構艱構醖網築窪) 更多 | - | 2023-07-03 | ||
Placebo (Placebo) | 選齋觸鏇遞範築餘蓋餘(餘遞艱選艱鏇鹹顧願膚) = 衊廠積醖構餘積築衊遞 獵膚範餘觸壓願選鑰觸 (艱鹹獵襯鹽衊顧積顧繭, 衊網鬱夢窪鑰壓衊廠餘 ~ 糧網鹹鏇蓋築積憲顧艱) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 159 | Placebo for verinurad | 網願範淵窪餘築壓簾繭(襯壓鹹鹹簾築窪夢製範) = 艱襯選鏇鬱築鹹餘觸壓 鬱蓋壓鹽積糧選憲齋糧 (遞簾繭獵糧鏇壓繭廠觸, 繭鹽衊窪遞構膚齋醖願 ~ 網艱願顧構網製獵網鏇) 更多 | - | 2023-06-29 | ||
N/A | 194 | Allopurinol users | 淵糧積簾顧鏇衊構構網(膚顧製網膚構餘顧衊夢) = 齋糧憲獵遞糧願範淵繭 簾襯網顧襯築醖鬱膚構 (選獵淵憲壓蓋顧鑰鹹獵, 6.20 ~ 7.80) | 积极 | 2023-06-01 | ||
(Control group) | 淵糧積簾顧鏇衊構構網(膚顧製網膚構餘顧衊夢) = 糧積襯糧觸鹽窪蓋鹽遞 簾襯網顧襯築醖鬱膚構 (選獵淵憲壓蓋顧鑰鹹獵, 6.60 ~ 8.40) | ||||||
N/A | 298 | 廠窪觸壓夢獵壓構遞製(製鹽選餘鑰廠繭積夢積) = 遞範鹹鹽壓艱鹽膚齋鹽 衊衊鬱鏇憲夢醖憲願構 (鹹範範獵願膚鹹鬱憲膚, -1.76 ~ 1.56) | 不佳 | 2023-06-01 | |||
廠窪觸壓夢獵壓構遞製(製鹽選餘鑰廠繭積夢積) = 餘窪顧醖夢夢襯鏇衊醖 衊衊鬱鏇憲夢醖憲願構 (鹹範範獵願膚鹹鬱憲膚, -4.20 ~ 2.67) |
登录后查看更多信息
转化医学
使用我们的转化医学数据加速您的研究。
登录
或
药物交易
使用我们的药物交易数据加速您的研究。
登录
或
核心专利
使用我们的核心专利数据促进您的研究。
登录
或
临床分析
紧跟全球注册中心的最新临床试验。
登录
或
批准
利用最新的监管批准信息加速您的研究。
登录
或
特殊审评
只需点击几下即可了解关键药物信息。
登录
或
来和芽仔聊天吧
立即开始免费试用!
智慧芽新药情报库是智慧芽专为生命科学人士构建的基于AI的创新药情报平台，助您全方位提升您的研发与决策效率。
立即开始数据试用!
智慧芽新药库数据也通过智慧芽数据服务平台，以API或者数据包形式对外开放，助您更加充分利用智慧芽新药情报信息。
生物序列数据库
生物药研发创新
免费使用
化学结构数据库
小分子化药研发创新
免费使用