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更新于：2025-04-17
Cefdinir
头孢地尼
更新于：2025-04-17
概要
基本信息
简介头孢地尼作为青霉素结合蛋白 (PBP) 抑制剂和细胞壁抑制剂，以商品名 Omnicef 销售，适用于敏感菌引起的感染的治疗和预防。 头孢地尼通过抑制引起感染的细菌（包括链球菌、葡萄球菌和流感嗜血杆菌）的生长和繁殖起作用。 它在多个国家/地区获得批准，包括美国、中国、日本和韩国。 Omnicef 有胶囊剂或口服混悬剂两种形式，通常根据感染的严重程度每天服用一次或两次。 值得注意的是，应该仅将这种药物用于治疗或预防细菌感染，因为过度使用或误用会导致耐药细菌的产生。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Cefdinir (JP17/USP/INN)、Cefzon Capsule、CFDN + [19] |
靶点 |
作用方式 抑制剂 |
作用机制 PBPs抑制剂(细菌青霉素结合蛋白家族抑制剂)、细胞壁抑制剂 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 日本 (1991-10-04), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评优先审评 (中国) |
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结构/序列
分子式C14H13N5O5S2 |
InChIKeyRTXOFQZKPXMALH-GHXIOONMSA-N |
CAS号91832-40-5 |
关联
82
项与 头孢地尼 相关的临床试验NCT06406114
Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing
CTR20244791
头孢地尼颗粒人体生物等效性研究
CTR20243582
中国健康受试者空腹和餐后口服STBN的随机、开放、两序列、两周期、双交叉设计的生物等效性试验
100 项与 头孢地尼 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 头孢地尼 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 头孢地尼 相关的专利（医药）
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1,321
项与 头孢地尼 相关的文献（医药）2025-05-01JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
Rates of Extended Oral Antibiotic Prophylaxis After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Among High-Risk and Standard-Risk Patients: 2009 to 2022
Article
作者: Premkumar, Ajay ; Wilson, Jacob M. ; Erens, Greg A ; Wilson, Jacob M ; Pisharody, Vivek A ; Fuqua, Andrew ; Pisharody, Vivek A. ; Erens, Greg ; Ayeni, Ayomide
BACKGROUND:
Recent evidence suggests extended courses of oral antibiotics (EOA) after total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may reduce the risk of periprosthetic joint infection in high-risk patients. EOA rates after total hip arthroplasty have risen significantly. However, there is a lack of epidemiologic data on EOA prophylaxis following TKA. Therefore, we investigated national trends in EOA prophylaxis for primary TKA and whether these rates were reflective of changes in patient risk or prescribing practices.
METHODS:
Adult patients undergoing TKA between 2009 and 2022 were identified in a national insurance claims database. An EOA was defined as a 7 to 14-day course of a first-generation cephalosporin, cefdinir, clindamycin, doxycycline, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole filled between 5 days preoperatively and 3 days postoperatively. Annual EOA rates were calculated and stratified by preoperative periprosthetic joint infection risk. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore whether rates reflected changing patient characteristics. Future rates were predicted with time-series forecasting.
RESULTS:
We identified 712,212 eligible TKA cases. EOA rates rose from 0.91% in 2009 to 7.95% in 2022. Rates increased by 686% among standard-risk patients and 786% among high-risk patients. Logistic regression models using patient comorbidities could not account for changes in EOA rates. EOA rates were projected to rise to 18.3% by 2030.
CONCLUSIONS:
Rates of EOA prophylaxis after TKA rose significantly from 2009 to 2022. This trend could not be explained by changing patient characteristics, suggesting widespread changes in antibiotic prescribing practices, which may be reflective of recent studies favoring EOA use. There is a need for further high-quality research examining the safety, efficacy, and role of EOA prophylaxis in the primary TKA patient population.
2025-04-01JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
Optimization of HPLC method for determination of Abraham solvation parameters of pharmaceuticals
Article
作者: Knašienė, Birutė ; Sazonovas, Andrius ; Sadaunykas, Audrius ; Naujalis, Evaldas ; Balčiūnas, Simonas ; Lanevskij, Kiril
Abraham solvation equation (Absolv) is a popular and well-established approach for modeling solute partitioning between phases of different polarity, which finds its applications in both organic chemistry and biomedical fields. Parameters constituting this equation are good quantitative descriptors of solute hydrogen bonding potential that are useful for QSAR modeling of more complex chemical and biological phenomena. Numerous studies dealing with fast determination of Abraham descriptors using HPLC can be found in the literature, but these mostly focus on small un-ionizable industrial and environmental chemicals, whereas experimental data for pharmaceutical molecules are clearly lacking. In the current study we build upon a previously published chromatographic approach, aiming to adapt the method to ionizable drug-like compounds, and optimize it by reducing the number of required HPLC columns. The analysis involves determination of the overall H-bond acidity (A), H-bond basicity (B) and polarity/polarizability (S) descriptors for 62 pharmaceutical molecules with previously unpublished parameter values.
2025-04-01British journal of clinical pharmacology
A 10‐year retrospective study of antibacterial‐induced thrombocytopenia in a women and children hospital using China Hospital Pharmacovigilance System and Visual Basic for Applications
Article
作者: Cai, Can ; Chen, Weida ; Yang, Jianhui ; Chen, Yao ; Lin, Wanlong ; Pan, Xiuming ; Zhuang, Wei
Aims:
We aimed to investigate antibacterial‐induced thrombocytopenia using the China Hospital Pharmacovigilance System (CHPS) in conjunction with Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).
Methods:
Between September 2011 and December 2022, a 2‐phase workflow was employed to identify antibacterial‐induced thrombocytopenia, including preliminary screening in phase (I) conducted by CHPS algorithms and causality assessment by trained pharmacists in phase (II) using VBA. The incidence of thrombocytopenia in each antibacterial was calculated, and comparisons were performed between paediatric and adult patients.
Results:
CHPS algorithms identified 4080 cases from 485 238 admissions (including 223 735 admissions receiving at least 1 antibacterial treatment). After ruling out cases with chemotherapy and abnormal platelet count at admission, 3832 cases were available. Using VBA, pharmacists identified 1039 cases (1246 antibacterial treatments, 28 agents) as potential thrombocytopenia instances (κ = 0.89), with an incidence of 0.46%. All antibacterial treatments correlated temporally with thrombocytopenia. Carbapenems (meropenem 1.77%), glycopeptides (vancomycin 1.55%) and lincosamides (clindamycin 0.44%) were prominent causal groups. The highest incidences of thrombocytopenia in the cephalosporins and penicillins groups were ceftazidime (2.04%) and piperacillin/tazobactam (1.24%), respectively. Among all antibacterial treatments, clindamycin showed the shortest time to onset (TTO), and erythromycin showed the longest TTO. Paediatric patients exhibited a longer TTO (61 vs. 29 h), extended time to nadir (83 vs. 37 h), lower platelet nadir count values (110 vs. 92 × 109/L), and a higher severe case proportion (12.37 vs. 3.86%) when compared with adults.
Conclusion:
Different antibacterial agents exhibit varying incidences of thrombocytopenia, with notable disparities between adults and children in the characteristics of thrombocytopenia.
100 项与 头孢地尼 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 支气管炎 | 日本 | 2017-04-27 | |
| 膀胱炎 | 日本 | 2017-04-27 | |
| 中耳炎 | 日本 | 2017-04-27 | |
| 细菌性肺炎 | 日本 | 2017-04-27 | |
| 鼻窦炎 | 日本 | 2017-04-27 | |
| 细菌性皮肤疾病 | 日本 | 2017-04-27 | |
| 急性上颌窦炎 | 美国 | 1997-12-04 | |
| 细菌性中耳炎 | 美国 | 1997-12-04 | |
| 慢性支气管炎 | 美国 | 1997-12-04 | |
| 社区获得性肺炎 | 美国 | 1997-12-04 | |
| 简单的皮肤和皮肤结构感染(uSSSI) | 美国 | 1997-12-04 | |
| 咽炎 | 美国 | 1997-12-04 | |
| 扁桃体炎 | 美国 | 1997-12-04 | |
| 细菌感染 | 日本 | 1991-10-04 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 急性中耳炎 | 临床3期 | 美国 | 2002-07-01 | |
| 急性中耳炎 | 临床3期 | 智利 | 2002-07-01 | |
| 急性中耳炎 | 临床3期 | 哥斯达黎加 | 2002-07-01 | |
| 急性中耳炎 | 临床3期 | 多米尼加共和国 | 2002-07-01 | |
| 急性中耳炎 | 临床3期 | 危地马拉 | 2002-07-01 | |
| 急性中耳炎 | 临床3期 | 以色列 | 2002-07-01 | |
| 急性中耳炎 | 临床3期 | 巴拿马 | 2002-07-01 | |
| 急性支气管炎 | 临床1期 | 中国 | 2013-03-24 | |
| 附件炎 | 临床1期 | 中国 | 2013-03-24 | |
| 睑缘炎 | 临床1期 | 中国 | 2013-03-24 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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临床4期 | 385 | (Short Course) | 鏇觸憲製窪遞夢鹹餘簾: Pr (Higher DOOR in Short-Course) = 0.69 (95% CI, 0.63 ~ 0.75), P-Value = <0.001 更多 | - | 2021-02-03 | ||
(Standard Course) | |||||||
临床1期 | - | 32 | (Cefdinir (Test)) | 蓋膚襯願鹽網簾築鹹積(簾餘醖壓壓艱鬱齋醖夢) = 鏇簾網齋構鬱糧齋鏇襯 選範顧夢蓋夢衊廠觸鑰 (膚顧衊選鏇衊簾鹹鬱鑰, 573.068) 更多 | - | 2009-07-21 | |
(Omnicef® (Reference)) | 蓋膚襯願鹽網簾築鹹積(簾餘醖壓壓艱鬱齋醖夢) = 獵夢願築廠夢夢積淵範 選範顧夢蓋夢衊廠觸鑰 (膚顧衊選鏇衊簾鹹鬱鑰, 531.404) 更多 | ||||||
临床1期 | - | 32 | (Cefdinir (Test)) | 襯糧糧遞窪夢構膚積網(廠鑰廠夢遞齋蓋膚餘襯) = 齋鑰願願願蓋壓襯鏇窪 構鹹鹽範齋簾獵顧壓獵 (糧構鏇顧窪獵憲簾鬱糧, 537.12) 更多 | - | 2009-07-21 | |
(Omnicef® (Reference)) | 襯糧糧遞窪夢構膚積網(廠鑰廠夢遞齋蓋膚餘襯) = 願觸積餘醖簾壓醖襯鑰 構鹹鹽範齋簾獵顧壓獵 (糧構鏇顧窪獵憲簾鬱糧, 481.25) 更多 | ||||||
临床1期 | - | 32 | (Cefdinir (Test)) | 艱夢壓餘製糧膚夢築繭(憲餘窪醖構廠壓觸簾膚) = 構觸餘願醖膚糧選夢醖 憲願製鹽築顧夢鹹顧壓 (構膚遞觸築簾窪廠壓願, 882.84) 更多 | - | 2009-07-21 | |
(Omnicef® (Reference)) | 艱夢壓餘製糧膚夢築繭(憲餘窪醖構廠壓觸簾膚) = 繭鹽鹹繭蓋繭鑰襯鬱衊 憲願製鹽築顧夢鹹顧壓 (構膚遞觸築簾窪廠壓願, 823.85) 更多 | ||||||
临床1期 | - | 32 | (Cefdinir (Test)) | 衊製鹹獵糧選築網憲遞(鏇簾遞網壓獵憲積遞襯) = 憲範鏇遞鏇網獵廠餘餘 壓廠繭網網繭蓋繭齋選 (鏇艱衊夢範築鬱憲鏇蓋, 775.044) 更多 | - | 2009-07-21 | |
(Omnicef® (Reference)) | 衊製鹹獵糧選築網憲遞(鏇簾遞網壓獵憲積遞襯) = 製構衊憲製選膚艱餘鹽 壓廠繭網網繭蓋繭齋選 (鏇艱衊夢範築鬱憲鏇蓋, 732.845) 更多 |
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