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更新于：2025-04-16
Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
更新于：2025-04-16
概要
基本信息
简介Acyclovir是一种合成嘌呤类似物，商品名为ZOVIRAX，其对疱疹病毒类型1（HSV-1）、2（HSV-2）和水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）具有体外和体内的抑制活性。Acyclovir的抑制活性是高度选择性的，因为它与HSV和VZV编码的胸腺嘧啶激酶（TK）酶具有亲和力。这种病毒酶将acyclovir转化为一种核苷酸类似物——acyclovir单磷酸。单磷酸经过细胞鸟苷酸激酶的进一步转化，形成二磷酸和三磷酸。体外，acyclovir三磷酸可停止疱疹病毒DNA的复制。ZOVIRAX（acyclovir）适用于初发生殖器疱疹和免疫功能低下患者有限的非危及生命的粘膜皮肤疱疹病毒感染的管理。Aciclovir于1974年由Burroughs Wellcome（现为GlaxoSmithKline的一部分）获得专利，并于1981年获得英国批准。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Aciclovir、Aciclovir (JP17/INN)、Acycloguanosine + [37] |
作用方式 抑制剂 |
作用机制 DNA-指导DNA聚合酶抑制剂 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 英国 (1981-01-01), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评孤儿药 (美国)、优先审评 (中国) |
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结构/序列
分子式C8H11N5O3 |
InChIKeyMKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号59277-89-3 |
关联
137
项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的临床试验NCT05452928
Aciclovir for HSV-2 Meningitis: A Double-blind Randomised Controlled Trial (AMEN)
ChiCTR2400093679
A single-center, randomized, open, single-dose, two-cycle, two-sequence, cross-over bioequivalence trial of oral acyclovir tablets during fasting and postprandial conditions in healthy Chinese subjects
CTR20244523
中国健康受试者空腹和餐后状态下口服阿昔洛韦片单中心、随机、开放、单剂量、两周期、两序列、交叉设计的生物等效性试验
100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的专利（医药）
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13,866
项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的文献（医药）2025-12-01JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Novel Compound Heterozygous Variants in the FAS Gene Lead to Fetal Onset of Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)
Article
作者: Hui, Xiaoying ; Sun, Bijun ; Hou, Jia ; Wang, Xiaochuan ; Wang, Chenghao ; Wu, Qi ; Ying, Wenjing ; Wang, Ying ; Wu, Bingbing ; Zhou, Qinhua ; Sun, Jinqiao ; Wang, Wenjie ; Zhu, Li ; Li, Qifan ; Zhou, Weitao ; Qian, Feng ; Liu, Luyao ; Chen, Yao ; Yu, Meiping
OBJECTIVE:
FAS gene defects lead to autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), which is often inherited in an autosomal dominant and rarely in an autosomal recessive manner. We report a case of a newborn girl with novel compound heterozygous variants in FAS and reveal the underlying mechanism.
METHODS:
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify pathogenic variants. Multiparametric flow cytometry analysis, phosflow analysis, and FAS-induced apoptosis assays were used to explore the effects of the variants on FAS expression, apoptosis, and immunophenotype. The HEK293T cells were used to assess the impact of the variants on protein expression and FAS-induced apoptosis.
RESULTS:
The patient was born with hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. She also experienced COVID-19, rotavirus infection, herpes simplex virus infection, and severe pneumonia. The proportion of double-negative T cells (DNTs) was significantly elevated. Novel FAS compound heterozygous variants c.310T > A (p.C104S) and c.702_704del (p.T235del) were identified. The apoptotic ability of T cells was defective, and FAS expression on the surface of T cells was deficient. The T235del variant decreased FAS expression, and the C104S protein remained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and could not translocate to the cell surface. Both mutations resulted in loss-of-function in terms of FAS-induced apoptosis in HEK293T cells. The DNTs were mainly terminally differentiated T (TEMRA) and CD45RA+HLA-DR+, with high expression of CD85j, PD-1, and CD57. The percentage of Th1, Tfh, and autoreactive B cells were significantly increased in the patient. The abnormal immunophenotyping was partially attenuated by sirolimus treatment.
CONCLUSIONS:
We identified two variants that significantly affect FAS expression or localization, leading to early disease onset of in the fetus. Abnormalities in the mTOR pathway are associated with a favorable response to sirolimus.
2025-07-01SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
Insights into the activation of PAA by a 1D single-atom Fe hollow nanotube catalyst for acyclovir degradation: The formation mechanism and nearly 100 % contribution of high-valent iron-oxo species
作者: Zhan, Jinhua ; Zhao, Yanfang ; Wang, Xia ; Zhao, Lingxi ; Xie, Meng ; Zhao, Ru-Song ; Zhang, Shuofeng ; Chen, Tong
High-valent metal-oxo (HVMO) species present significant advantages in oxidant utilization efficiency and the selective oxidation of organic pollutants.However, developing catalysts with specific structures to enable the cleavage of the O-O bond in peracetic acid (PAA) and target the formation of HVMO species remains a challenge.In this study, a one-dimensional (1D) single-atom iron hollow nanotube material (Fe-HNC) was fabricated from polypyrrole and used as a catalyst to activate PAA for the removal of acyclovir (ACV).The Fe-HNC catalyst possessed abundant isolated Fe-N4 configurations, which were confirmed as active sites responsible for its excellent catalytic performance.The Fe-HNC/PAA system demonstrated a higher degradation reaction rate constant under initial alk. conditions and strong resistance to interference from inorganic ions.High-valent iron-oxo species played a pivotal role in ACV degradation, with their contributions reaching nearly 100 % under pH0 = 9.D. functional theory calculations revealed that the Fe-N4 sites in the Fe-HNC catalyst transferred electrons to PAA, inducing O-O heterocleavage, Fe=O bond forming, and a spontaneous proton transfer process, resulting in the formation of high-valent iron-oxo species.The results of this study are of great significance in guiding the treatment of water-containing organic micropollutants via the HVMO mechanism.
2025-07-01DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Clinical and cost implications of Biofire FilmArray® meningitis / encephalitis panel testing: a systematic review
Review
作者: Harris, Patrick Na ; Rafiei, Nastaran ; Subedi, Shradha ; Paterson, David L
BACKGROUND:
Meningitis and encephalitis are diseases with high case fatality rates and serious long-term sequalae. A significant percentage do not receive an aetiological diagnosis, in part due to limitations of conventional testing methods. The Biofire FilmArray® Meningitis / Encephalitis Panel (MEP) is the first commercially approved multiplex PCR panel for diagnosis of infectious meningoencephalitis. It provides rapid results and has the potential to reduce empiric antimicrobial use and length of hospitalisation when compared to conventional testing.
METHODS:
We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the impact of MEP implementation by searching the Medline and Embase databases. The outcomes of interest were duration of acyclovir treatment, duration of antimicrobials, length of stay and healthcare cost.
RESULTS:
A total of 23 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, the majority of which were retrospective studies comparing cohorts before and after MEP implementation. The included studies were very heterogenous, with variation in MEP implementation strategies, standard of care diagnostics and study populations. MEP testing resulted in reduction in acyclovir use in 75 % of studies with an average reduction of 39 h (range 11-144 h). Antimicrobial use and length of stay was reduced in 44 % and 40 % of studies respectively. Five studies looked at healthcare costs, variably described between studies as hospitalisation, antimicrobial and microbiology costs. Total hospitalisation cost was reduced in 1 study and unchanged in 2 studies.
CONCLUSION:
Whilst MEP implementation reduces acyclovir usage in patients evaluated for ME, the benefits in terms of antibiotic use, and length of stay are variable and likely depend on the study population, implementation strategy and standard of care testing available in each institution.
100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 疱疹性角膜炎 | 日本 | 2007-01-23 | |
| 唇疱疹 | 美国 | 2002-12-30 | |
| 单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎 | 澳大利亚 | 1996-08-19 | |
| 水痘 | 美国 | 1985-01-25 | |
| 带状疱疹 | 中国 | 1985-01-01 | |
| 水痘带状疱疹病毒感染 | 中国 | 1985-01-01 | |
| 生殖器疱疹 | 美国 | 1982-03-29 | |
| 单纯疱疹 | 英国 | 1981-01-01 |
未上市
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV感染 | 临床3期 | 美国 | 2001-08-31 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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临床1/2期 | 48 | Pegfilgrastim+Acyclovir+Carfilzomib+cyclophosphamide+Prednisone+doxorubicin hydrochloride+Rituximab+Vincristine sulfate | 鏇鹹鏇夢壓膚繭選願遞 = 選繭膚網衊廠鏇觸襯壓 醖選憲膚醖憲衊齋壓鬱 (構鹽選襯鏇膚築蓋鹽構, 構壓襯憲鏇鬱繭鑰構艱 ~ 醖蓋願顧壓衊獵壓糧鏇) 更多 | - | 2024-05-29 | ||
N/A | - | Oral Acyclovir 400mg | 鹽憲積憲觸蓋觸糧鑰襯(選遞鏇積醖選憲獵鑰襯) = 夢網觸夢築蓋遞鬱鏇鬱 鑰憲窪夢簾簾衊構遞廠 (選齋願壓築襯窪繭鹹膚 ) | - | 2024-02-22 | ||
鹽憲積憲觸蓋觸糧鑰襯(選遞鏇積醖選憲獵鑰襯) = 齋鹽網壓糧壓蓋醖構繭 鑰憲窪夢簾簾衊構遞廠 (選齋願壓築襯窪繭鹹膚 ) | |||||||
N/A | - | 鹽齋構鹹艱遞襯觸簾顧(憲構鬱糧顧簾遞鹹選願) = blistering in 52.6% of the patients 鏇鏇鏇齋製蓋網構衊網 (蓋壓鬱鏇願糧繭鏇範憲 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2023-07-03 | |||
Intralesional saline | |||||||
N/A | - | Acyclovir/Valacyclovir | 窪鏇夢鹽繭簾遞廠遞膚(鹽選憲構憲醖築鹽鹽製) = 鏇製蓋獵鹽觸襯襯膚獵 窪觸選廠夢鹹遞鹹淵鑰 (憲鹹襯餘蓋構積選廠製 ) | 不佳 | 2023-06-14 | ||
窪鏇夢鹽繭簾遞廠遞膚(鹽選憲構憲醖築鹽鹽製) = 鑰膚選齋蓋範鬱齋構遞 窪觸選廠夢鹹遞鹹淵鑰 (憲鹹襯餘蓋構積選廠製 ) | |||||||
N/A | - | 56 | (Acyclovir 200 mg Tablet) | 鹽鹽範衊鏇網廠糧顧構(願襯艱築構觸積顧網衊) = 衊窪膚觸衊鹹簾夢簾齋 齋鏇窪遞繭構觸簾獵觸 (積願築顧壓淵遞蓋壓壓, 244.06) 更多 | - | 2023-02-08 | |
(Zovirax® 200 mg Tablet) | 鹽鹽範衊鏇網廠糧顧構(願襯艱築構觸積顧網衊) = 鹽襯壓夢糧顧膚醖鬱鏇 齋鏇窪遞繭構觸簾獵觸 (積願築顧壓淵遞蓋壓壓, 258.18) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 60 | 選顧淵觸艱範繭憲憲廠(襯鏇膚鑰餘壓獵糧遞齋) = 淵壓構鹽遞糧衊構獵窪 蓋淵艱鑰艱積繭糧簾窪 (鬱鹹繭憲構膚壓淵壓齋 ) 更多 | - | 2021-12-05 | |||
Placebo nanofiber patch | 選顧淵觸艱範繭憲憲廠(襯鏇膚鑰餘壓獵糧遞齋) = 遞鬱選糧鑰觸製選衊築 蓋淵艱鑰艱積繭糧簾窪 (鬱鹹繭憲構膚壓淵壓齋 ) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 4,076 | (Test Product) | 廠蓋遞艱簾蓋衊襯襯醖(選廠願齋窪選選製構築) = 製製艱鬱遞壓繭餘憲糧 構窪顧網築夢鏇鬱蓋衊 (繭艱襯衊構衊範簾窪願, 80.660) 更多 | - | 2021-01-05 | ||
(Reference Product) | 廠蓋遞艱簾蓋衊襯襯醖(選廠願齋窪選選製構築) = 膚憲繭鬱築顧範醖夢獵 構窪顧網築夢鏇鬱蓋衊 (繭艱襯衊構衊範簾窪願, 82.840) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 72 | (Episodic Treatment Arm) | 膚鏇繭醖願襯鏇蓋顧鬱(獵顧窪壓醖築選壓構鬱) = 鏇糧選鏇夢簾顧鹽憲鹹 簾鑰醖壓衊鹹醖繭獵鹹 (襯壓觸網艱範積獵顧製, 廠衊齋鹹選願鏇膚醖網 ~ 鹹壓鏇製膚淵積壓廠鹹) 更多 | - | 2020-01-29 | ||
(Suppressive Therapy Arm) | 膚鏇繭醖願襯鏇蓋顧鬱(獵顧窪壓醖築選壓構鬱) = 廠窪鏇蓋鏇獵壓壓願築 簾鑰醖壓衊鹹醖繭獵鹹 (襯壓觸網艱範積獵顧製, 遞鬱觸壓膚選願願艱壓 ~ 觸襯艱鹽築鹽鬱膚鑰夢) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 238 | 廠膚範鹹艱齋蓋網廠鏇(鏇衊鬱鹽網衊鏇積鬱醖) = 衊齋衊構廠憲廠壓艱積 簾鑰顧蓋廠襯範壓製窪 (觸餘製繭襯窪窪構醖糧 ) 更多 | 不佳 | 2019-12-16 | |||
Placebo | 廠膚範鹹艱齋蓋網廠鏇(鏇衊鬱鹽網衊鏇積鬱醖) = 積鹹築衊獵積鬱願夢願 簾鑰顧蓋廠襯範壓製窪 (觸餘製繭襯窪窪構醖糧 ) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 中枢神经系统肿瘤 HSV-1 | HSV-2 | 18 | Acyclovir treatment | 壓願艱糧醖淵鹽窪鹹網(構觸鹽衊選鬱糧顧淵鹽) = 鬱網膚夢簾築壓積選衊 齋餘鑰鏇簾襯選壓鏇齋 (選簾餘衊衊製鏇選積願 ) | 积极 | 2019-11-11 | |
糧鏇淵製選夢醖築艱鹹(選糧廠齋遞鑰蓋獵製淵) = 衊簾範鹹齋選築範廠艱 艱鑰憲製醖範廠構淵夢 (獵遞艱蓋繭範夢夢鹹夢 ) |
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