Tibet Cheezheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd.

As a typical glycoprotein and potential disease biomarker, transferrin (TrF) plays an important role in binding and transporting iron ions and regulating homeostasis in vivo.However, conventional serum TrF detection technologies often need complex sample pretreatments and long anal. times.Hence, fluorescent magnetic mol. imprinted polymers (FMMIPs) were prepared for the determination of TrF in human serum, which combined the high sensitivity of fluorescence and the specificity of molecularly imprinted polymers.This material is a labor-saving, easy-to-use, and noninvasive biomarker, which provides the determination of serum TrF with high selectivity.Moreover, the preparation and fluorescent properties of FMMIPs were systematically investigated.Under the optimized conditions, the prepared FMMIPs had a good adsorption and fast response with a low relative standard deviation (less than 5%) for TrF with an imprinting factor of 3.21 and detection limit of 0.107 μg/mL.This material provides direct, sensitive, and rapid protein determination for TrF in serum.

Originally formulated to mitigate high-altitude sickness, Xinnaoxin capsules (XNX) are composed of three traditional Chinese medicines (Rhodiola rosea L., Lycium barbarum L. and Hippophae rhamnoides) with properties of anti-hypoxia, anti-fatigue, and anti-aging. Emerging evidence now suggests that XNX may also offer therapeutic benefits in Alzheimer's disease (AD), highlighting its potential significance in the development of novel AD treatments.

This study aims to investigate whether XNX improves AD-related behavioral and cognitive deficits by enhancing antioxidant defenses, reducing peripheral and neuroinflammation, and protecting neurons.

The AD mouse model was established using D-galactose and aluminum chloride. Spatial memory and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed via the Morris water maze and open field tests to evaluate the therapeutic effects of XNX. Biochemical markers in hippocampal tissue and serum were measured using ELISA kits, while serum chemical composition was analyzed by LC-MS. Histopathological changes and amyloid-β deposition in the hippocampus were examined through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence. Additionally, hippocampal expression of apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3, anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and synaptic proteins PSD-95 and Syn were assessed via Western blot.

Behavioral tests demonstrated that XNX significantly improved spatial learning and memory abilities, as well as reduced anxiety-like behaviors in AD mice. XNX also modulated inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in hippocampal tissue and serum, while reducing amyloid-β deposition. Further LC-MS analysis of serum revealed a marked upregulation of compounds such as adenosine following treatment, with key metabolic pathways affected, including linoleic acid metabolism and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis. HE staining and immunofluorescence indicated that XNX ameliorated neuronal damage and decreased amyloid-β accumulation. Western blot analysis confirmed that XNX inhibited neuronal apoptosis and preserved synaptic proteins in the hippocampus.

XNX mitigates AD-induced behavioral and cognitive deficits by enhancing antioxidant defenses, reducing peripheral and neuroinflammation, and protecting neurons. Our findings provide valuable data and a theoretical foundation for the potential therapeutic application of XNX in AD treatment and its further development.

Valeriana jatamansi Jones is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, boasting rich effective compositions with versatile chemical structures and wide polarity, including iridoids, chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids. Previous reports indicate that conventional high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical methods have proven inefficient performance in comprehensively characterizing components in Valeriana jatamansi. In the present study, a hybrid online analytical platform combining supercritical fluid extraction with both conventional HPLC separation (reverse phase) and supercritical fluid chromatography (normal phase) has been established and validated. This system can provide online extraction with two different chromatographic separation modes to increase separation ability and has been connected to a mass spectrometer to acquire high‐resolution mass spectrometry data. Then, the online platform was applied to screening components in Valeriana jatamansi. A total of 117 compounds were identified, including five lignans, 18 organic acids, six flavonoids, and 88 iridoids. Thirty‐three compounds were reported from Valeriana jatamansi for the first time. These results enrich our understanding of the components of Valeriana jatamansi and prove that the developed online platform in this study is a robust approach for accelerating working efficiency in comprehensively analyzing complicated samples.