Cedazuridine

FDA今年很忙，但是再忙也未敢忘批药，截至2021年1月1日，FDA批准了53款新药，其中有38个小分子药物，作为化学人一定会很好奇这些化合物有啥特点，结构是啥，小编今天就带大家先睹为快。 1，Avapritinib (BLU-285) 阿伐普利尼 Avapritinib (BLU-285)是一种小分子激酶抑制剂，可有效抑制PDGFRα D842V突变体的活性、在细胞背景下抑制PDGFRα D842V自我磷酸化（IC50=30 nM）；同时也是KIT突变（KIT D816V）的抑制剂（IC50=0.5 nM）。 2，Tazemetostat (EPZ-6438) Tazverik(tazemetostat)  (EPZ-6438) 是组蛋白赖氨酸甲基转移酶（Histone-Lysine N-methyltransferase）EZH2的抑制剂。 3，Pizensy(乳糖醇) Pizensy是一种口服的乳果糖类似物。它是一种渗透性泻药（osmotic laxitaive），可促进水分流入肠道，进而在结肠内达到通便作用。 4，Nexletol (bempedoic acid) bempedoic acid由美国Esperion Therapeutic 公司研发，是一种治疗血脂异常及降低其他心血管疾病风险的新型小分子化合物。 合成路线如下： 5，Barhemsys(氨磺必利) 氨磺必利是一个多巴胺D2和D3受体阻断剂，上世纪80年代开始应用于精神分裂症治疗。 6，Nurtec ODT（rimegepant） Biohaven公司的口服CGRP抑制剂rimegepant，用于成人偏头痛的急性治疗。 7， Isturisa(osilodrostat) 3月6日，FDA批准库欣综合征（Cushing syndrome，CS）一线用药Osilodrostat上市，商品名：Isturisa，患者无论是否接受受过垂体切除手术治疗，都可应用Osilodrostat作为治疗药物。Osilodrostat是FDA批准的首个11-β羟化酶抑制，可直接阻断肾上腺皮质醇合成。 8，Zeposia(ozanimod) ozanimod（商品名ZEPOSIA），用于成人复发性MS（RRMS）患者的治疗。 9，Selumetinib（司美替尼） Selumetinib （司美替尼）（ARRY-142886 ; AZD6244）是一种MEK 1/2抑制剂和潜在的新药，由AlstraZeneca于2003年获得Array BioPharma Inc.的许可。阿斯利康和MSD于2017年签订了selumetinib的共同开发和联合商业化协议。 10，Tukysa(Tucatinib) Tukysa（Tucatinib）妥卡替尼 /图卡替尼 (ONT-380)是一种口服TKI(酪氨酸激酶)抑制剂，对HER2具有高度特异性，但对同属人表皮生长因子受体家族的EGFR没有明显抑制作用。 11，Pemigatinib （帕米加替尼） Pemigatinib（INCB054828）是一种口服有效的，选择性FGFR抑制剂，它对FGFR1，FGFR2，FGFR3，FGFR4的IC50值分别为0.4 nM，0.5 nM，1.2 nM和30 nM。 12，Ongentys(opicapone)  13，INCB28060 (Capmatinib) 卡马替尼；苯扎米特 INCB28060是一种新型， ATP竞争性的c-MET抑制剂，IC50为0.13 nM，抑制RONβ， EGFR和HER-3活性。 14，Selpercatinib (LOXO-292) 塞尔帕替尼 Selpercatinib（LOXO-292）是一种有效的，特异性RET抑制剂。 15，Ripretinib 瑞普替尼 Ripretinib（DCC-2618）是一种具有口服活性的，选择性的KIT和PDGFR-alpha抑制剂。 16， Cerianna (fluoroestradiol F18) 17，Artesunate（青蒿琥酯） 青蒿琥酯是一类控制疟疾症状的抗疟药。 18，Tauvid（flortaucipir F18） Tauvid（flortaucipir F18）是第一种获得FDA批准，帮助对大脑中的tau病理进行成像的药物。Tauvid是一种放射性诊断试剂，用于需要接受阿尔茨海默病评估的认知障碍成人患者。 19，Lurbinectedin（卢比克替定） lurbinectedin是PharmaMar研发的海鞘素衍生物，为肿瘤创新药。目前，绿叶制药与PharmaMar在华合作共同开发该药物。 20，Dojolvi（triheptanoin）三庚酸甘油酯 Dojolvi（triheptanoin）三庚酸甘油酯，是一种高纯度、人工合成的7碳脂肪酸甘油三酯，在甘油骨架上通过多个化学合成步骤添加了三个7碳脂肪酸形成。专门为LC-FAOD患者提供中链、奇数碳脂肪酸作为能源和代谢产物替代品。 21，Fostemsavir(BMS-663068) Fostemsavir (BMS-663068) 是 BMS-626529 的原药，能结合gp120，抑制 HIV-1 与细胞 CD4 受体的结合。 22，Byfavo（Remimazolam）瑞米唑仑/雷米马唑仑 Byfavo（Remimazolam）瑞米唑仑/雷米马唑仑 是一种起效和失效迅速的静脉注射苯二氮卓（benzodiazepine）镇静剂。可用于在时长不超过30分钟的有创医疗程序中，例如结肠镜检查和支气管镜检查。 23，Inqovi(cedazuridine+地西他滨) Inqovi（cedazuridine/decitabine[地西他滨]，口服C-DEC，ASTX727），该药用于骨髓增生异常综合症（MDS）和慢性骨髓单核细胞白血病（CMML）成人患者的治疗。 24，Xeglyze(Abametapir) Xeglyze（Abametapir）0.74％ 洗护剂 是一种金属蛋白酶抑制剂，金属蛋白酶是对虫卵发育和若虫和成虫虱子存活，至关重要的生理过程所必需的酶。 25，Nifurtimox (Synonyms: 硝呋替莫) Nifurtimox 是一种用于锥虫病 (Trypanosoma cruzi) 的抗虫剂。Nifurtimox 有潜力用于神经母细胞瘤细胞的研究。Nifurtimox 影响乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH) 活性。 26，Olinvyk（oliceridine） Olinvyk的活性药物成分为oliceridine，这是一种首创的（first-in-class）静脉镇痛药。oliceridine是首个G蛋白选择性激动剂，与静脉注射吗啡相比，镇痛效果更好。oliceridine以μ阿片受体为靶点，通过一种优化作用机制（MOA），优先参与负责疗效的信号通路，减少引起不良反应的信号通路的激活。 27， Evrysdi(risdiplam) risdiplam是治疗所有3种类型SMA的首个口服药物。 28，Winlevi(clascoterone) Clascoterone（又称CB-03-01）是一种局部雄激素受体（AR）抑制剂，该新的化学实体正在开发治疗痤疮（暂定品牌名为Winlevi）和男女性脱发（暂定品牌名Breezula）。根据美国FDA审查其1%浓度治疗痤疮以及后期开发其高浓度溶液治疗男性雄激素雄性脱发的结果，其被认为是一种“first-in-class”药物。值得一提的是，这是近40年来针对痤疮治疗的首个新机制药物。 29，Detectnet（Cu 64 DOTATATE）放射性诊断试剂 铜64盐酸盐 Detectnet是首款将Cu 64放射性同位素与生长抑素类似物DOTATATE偶联的诊断试剂。 30，Pralsetinib 普雷西替尼 Pralsetinib (Blu-667) 是新一代的，高效的，选择性RET抑制剂，对于WT RET，RET突变体V804L，V804M，M918T和CCDC6-RET的IC50为0.3-0.4 nM。 31，瑞德西韦（Remdesivir） 2020年10月22日，美国食品药品管理局（FDA）批准了吉利德科学的抗病毒药物瑞德西韦用于治疗新冠住院患者，成为美国首个正式获批的新冠治疗药物。 32，Lonafarnib (Synonyms: Sch66336) Lonafarnib 是一种口服有效的法尼基蛋白转移酶 (FPTase) 抑制剂，作用于 H-ras，K-ras 和 N-ras，IC50 分别为 1.9 nM，5.2 nM 和 2.8 nM。Lonafarnib 具有抗肝炎三角洲病毒 (HDV) 的活性。 33， Imcivree(Setmelanotide) setmelanotide是一款首创、寡肽类MC4R激动剂，开发用于治疗罕见肥胖遗传性疾病。 34，Gallium 68 PSMA-11 35，Orladeyo（Berotralstat）贝罗司他 rladeyo（Berotralstat）贝罗司他  是一种新型、口服、每日1次、强效、选择性人血浆激肽释放酶抑制剂，通过抑制激肽释放酶来阻止缓激肽的生成从而预防水肿发作。Orladeyo （berotralstat）用于预防12岁及以上儿童和成人遗传性血管性水肿（HAE）发作，Orladeyo是首个预防HAE发作的口服非甾体药物。 36，Tirbanibulin (Synonyms: KX2-391; KX-01) 37，Relugolix 瑞卢戈利 Relugolix，也称为TAK-385，是一种口服活性的黄体激素释放激素（LH-RH）受体拮抗剂，IC50为0.12 nM。 38,Gemtesa（vibegron） vibegron可治疗膀胱过度活动症导致的急迫性尿失禁，尿急和尿频等症状。

Studies highlight the company's ongoing commitment to advancing care for patients with myeloid malignancies PRINCETON, N.J., Dec. 9, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Taiho Oncology, Inc., presented results of two studies focused on oral therapies for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), at the 66th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition, Dec. 7-10, 2024, in San Diego. Findings from a Phase 1 dose escalation trial of ASTX030, an investigational combination of azacitidine and cedazuridine, were shared with attendees during an oral presentation. In addition, results of a real-world study comparing clinical outcomes with INQOVI® (decitabine and cedazuridine) tablets, an oral hypomethylating agent (HMA), versus intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous (SC) decitabine and azacitidine, respectively, were shared in a poster presentation. Azacitidine and decitabine are HMAs. Following oral administration, HMAs are rapidly degraded by cytidine deaminase, resulting in poor oral bioavailability. Cedazuridine is a cytidine deaminase inhibitor, with the potential to increase the bioavailability of HMAs. "We're pleased to join hematology scientific leaders at the ASH meeting to share data on oral HMAs for patients living with complications from MDS," said Harold Keer, MD, PhD, Chief Medical Officer, Taiho Oncology. "When administered at home, HMAs such as ASTX030 and INQOVI may potentially reduce the toll of time toxicity many patients with cancer experience and may help them to manage this disease long-term as a chronic condition." Oral Presentation: Results of Phase 1 Open-Label Dose Escalation and Expansion Trial of ASTX030 (Oral Azacitidine + Cedazuridine) This Phase 1 trial aimed to determine the optimal dose and formulation of ASTX030 to achieve oral azacitidine area under the curve (AUC) exposures comparable to SC azacitidine. The trial enrolled 88 patients with MDS and MDS/MPN overlap syndromes, including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), who received a median of seven cycles of treatment with ASTX030. Six combinations of azacitidine (60–144 mg) and cedazuridine (20–100 mg) doses were evaluated in the dose escalation portion of the trial, and two ASTX030 dose combinations (136 mg of azacitidine with 20 mg of cedazuridine and 144 mg of azacitidine with 20 mg of cedazuridine) were evaluated in the dose-expansion portion. Pharmacokinetic data showed that 20 mg of cedazuridine sufficiently prevented azacitidine from degradation during first pass in the digestive tract and liver resulting in enhanced azacitidine bioavailability, achieving AUC exposures comparable to SC azacitidine, and the dose combination of 140 mg azacitidine/20 mg cedazuridine was recommended for evaluation in Phase 2. The clinical efficacy results were consistent with parenteral azacitidine. The median overall survival was 29.5 months, with overall response rate of 56% (11% complete response, 0% partial response, 34% marrow complete response, 10% hematologic improvement), 27% stable disease, 2% progressive disease and 15% not evaluable. Treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 100% of participants, with 86% experiencing an AE of grade 3 or higher and 9% discontinuing treatment due to an AE. The most common TEAEs of grade 3 or higher were related to myelosuppression. Gastrointestinal AEs also reflected a similar safety profile to that typically associated with SC azacitidine. There was one dose-limiting toxicity that was possibly related to the study drug — a case of prolonged grade 4 neutropenia. "These results are promising, as they demonstrate the potential of this novel oral therapy to reduce the treatment burden for people with MDS," said Guillermo Garcia-Manero, MD, professor of Leukemia at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and the study's lead investigator. "We look forward to soon sharing the results of a recently completed Phase 2 study of ASTX030 and are planning a Phase 3 trial of the compound." Real-World Use Patterns and Outcomes for MDS Patients Treated with INQOVI or IV/SC HMA The real-world study evaluated HMAs use patterns and clinical outcomes in adults with MDS who received first-line treatment with either INQOVI or a similar HMA administered subcutaneously or intravenously. Real-world treatment outcomes among MDS patients were gathered through the ConcertAI real-world electronic health records database. Of 2,101 enrolled patients, 405 were treated with INQOVI and 1,696 with IV or SC azacitidine or decitabine. Patients receiving INQOVI had a numerically longer median real-world overall survival (rwOS) compared to those treated with IV/SC HMA (23.2 versus 19.0 months) and lower risk of death, although the differences were not statistically significant. Notably, median acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-free survival was 16.5 months with INQOVI versus 13.3 months with IC/SC HMAs (p=0.009). Furthermore, in a Cox-adjusted model, patients treated with INQOVI had a 16% lower risk of AML transformation or death (HR=0.84; 95% CI: 0.73–0.98; p=0.027) compared with those treated with IV or SC HMAs. Those who received INQOVI prolonged the time to next treatment: 9.4 months, versus 7.4 months for those in the IV/SC cohort (p<0.001). Patients who received INQOVI were 18% less likely than their study counterparts receiving IV/SC HMAs to receive a next treatment (HR=0.82; 95% CI: 0.71–0.94; p=0.004). "This real-world study is among the first and largest to examine clinical outcomes in patients treated for MDS with either first-line INQOVI or an intravenous or subcutaneous hypomethylating agent," said Tehseen Salimi, MD, MHA, Senior Vice President and Head of Medical Affairs, Taiho Oncology. "In addition to demonstrating comparable overall survival between the two treatment options, this study identified some potentially exciting unique signals of efficacy in patients who took INQOVI. These results highlight the potential value of this compound as an alternative to parenteral hypomethylating agents." INDICATIONS AND IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION INDICATIONS Decitabine and cedazuridine, marketed under the brand name INQOVI®, is indicated for treatment of adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), including previously treated and untreated, de novo and secondary MDS with the following French-American-British subtypes (refractory anemia, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia [CMML]) and intermediate-1, intermediate-2, and high-risk International Prognostic Scoring System groups. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Myelosuppression: Fatal and serious myelosuppression can occur with INQOVI. Based on laboratory values, new or worsening thrombocytopenia occurred in 82% of patients, with Grade 3 or 4 occurring in 76%. Neutropenia occurred in 73% of patients, with Grade 3 or 4 occurring in 71%. Anemia occurred in 71% of patients, with Grade 3 or 4 occurring in 55%. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 33% of patients, with Grade 3 or 4 occurring in 32%. Myelosuppression (thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, anemia, and febrile neutropenia) is the most frequent cause of INQOVI dose reduction or interruption, occurring in 36% of patients. Permanent discontinuation due to myelosuppression (febrile neutropenia) occurred in 1% of patients. Myelosuppression and worsening neutropenia may occur more frequently in the first or second treatment cycles and may not necessarily indicate progression of underlying MDS. Fatal and serious infectious complications can occur with INQOVI. Pneumonia occurred in 21% of patients, with Grade 3 or 4 occurring in 15%. Sepsis occurred in 14% of patients, with Grade 3 or 4 occurring in 11%. Fatal pneumonia occurred in 1% of patients, fatal sepsis in 1%, and fatal septic shock in 1%. Obtain complete blood cell counts prior to initiation of INQOVI, prior to each cycle, and as clinically indicated to monitor response and toxicity. Administer growth factors and anti-infective therapies for treatment or prophylaxis as appropriate. Delay the next cycle and resume at the same or reduced dose as recommended. Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: INQOVI can cause fetal harm. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise patients to use effective contraception during treatment and for 6 months (females) or 3 months (males) after last dose. ADVERSE REACTIONS Serious adverse reactions in > 5% of patients included febrile neutropenia (30%), pneumonia (14%), and sepsis (13%). Fatal adverse reactions included sepsis (1%), septic shock (1%), pneumonia (1%), respiratory failure (1%), and one case each of cerebral hemorrhage and sudden death. The most common adverse reactions (≥ 20%) were fatigue (55%), constipation (44%), hemorrhage (43%), myalgia (42%), mucositis (41%), arthralgia (40%), nausea (40%), dyspnea (38%), diarrhea (37%), rash (33%), dizziness (33%), febrile neutropenia (33%), edema (30%), headache (30%), cough (28%), decreased appetite (24%), upper respiratory tract infection (23%), pneumonia (21%), and transaminase increased (21%). The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥ 50%) were leukocytes decreased (81%), platelet count decreased (76%), neutrophil count decreased (71%), and hemoglobin decreased (55%). USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Lactation: Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed child, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with INQOVI and for 2 weeks after the last dose. Renal Impairment: No dosage modification of INQOVI is recommended for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CLcr] of 30 to 89 mL/min based on Cockcroft-Gault). Due to the potential for increased adverse reactions, monitor patients with moderate renal impairment (CLcr 30 to 59 mL/min) frequently for adverse reactions. INQOVI has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr 15 to 29 mL/min) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD: CLcr <15 mL/min). Please see full Prescribing Information. About Taiho Oncology, Inc. The mission of Taiho Oncology, Inc. is to improve the lives of patients with cancer, their families and their caregivers. The company specializes in the development and commercialization of orally administered anti-cancer agents for various tumor types. Taiho Oncology has a robust pipeline of small molecule clinical candidates targeting solid tumor and hematological malignancies, with additional candidates in pre-clinical development. Taiho Oncology is a subsidiary of Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. which is part of Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd. Taiho Oncology is headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey and oversees its parent company's European and Canadian operations, which are located in Baar, Switzerland and Oakville, Ontario, Canada. For more information, visit , and follow us on LinkedIn and X. Taiho Oncology and the Taiho Oncology logo are registered trademarks of Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd. or its subsidiaries. Taiho Oncology Contact: Leigh Labrie (609) 664-9878 [email protected] SOURCE Taiho Oncology WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED