BB-1701

近年来，政府、企业与资本的三端协同发力之下，中国创新药产业俨然迎来翻天覆地的变化：一方面是越来越多创新药成功出海，并获得FDA批准上市；另一方面则是，新药BD交易数量与金额逐年上涨，交易金额逐渐成为biotech主要的资金来源，更是拓宽了创新药出海之路。 毋庸置疑，中国创新药的国际地位正在迅速上升，已接近了爆发的临界点。 2024年美国临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）年会将于5月31日至6月4日在美国芝加哥举行，大会在线公布了本届入选的摘要标题，68家本土创新药企业将亮相该国际舞台，将在会上公布他们的重磅在研产品的研究成果，共探国际最前沿的临床肿瘤学科研成就。 数据上来看，本届ASCO大会，国内创新药的报告数量相较之前有着明显上涨，仅口头报告数量就同比增长了近100%，达到了40项，再创历史新高，更有超100个创新药的129个适应症临床进展将在大会上以不同的形式亮相！其中，不仅包含多项“首次”公布的国内研究发现和临床试验成果，更在ADC、CAR-T等前沿领域中大放异彩。 数据来源：公开数据整理 ADC 国内创新药主战场 据ASCO大会公布的摘要详情数据显示，在129项待公布国产创新药临床研究中，ADC（包括双抗ADC）是目前国内创新药产业最集中披露的领域，届时将有25款产品的33项相关研究成果公布，其中口头报道有9项，墙报报告有14项，仅发布研究结果也有10项；其次，双抗、单抗与CAR-T（包括异体）也是国内创新药企较集中的领域范围。 表1：ASCO大会上的国产ADC 公司 ASCO报告形式 药名 靶点 阶段 适应症 科伦博泰 口头 SKB264 TROP2 III期 TNBC II期 NSCLC 恒瑞医药 墙报 SHR-A1912 CD79b I期 B-NHL 仅发布 SHR-A1811 HER2 - 脑转移HER2阳性乳腺癌 荣昌生物 墙报 RC88 MSLN I/II 期 卵巢癌、nsq-NSCLC,宫颈癌 口头 RC48 HER2 II期 HER2过表达G/GEJ 仅发布 - HER2阳性MIBC 仅发布 - HER2过表达NMIBC 仅发布 II期 UC 乐普生物 口头 MRG004A TF I/II期 实体瘤 MRG003 EGFR I/II期 EGFR阳性实体瘤 明慧医药 口头 MHB088C B7H3 I/II期 实体瘤 仅发布 MHB036C TROP2 I/II期 实体瘤 礼新医药 墙报 LM-302 CLDN18.2 I/II期 G/GEJ 仅发布 - CLDN18.2+胆管癌 信达生物 墙报 IBI343 CLDN18.2 I期 胰腺癌和胆道癌 I期 胰腺癌 输森制药 墙报 HS-20093 B7H3 Ia/b期 SCLC 口头 II期 RR骨肉瘤 启德医药 仅发布 GQ1001 HER2 Ib期 HER2阳性乳腺癌 复星医药 仅发布 FS-1502 HER2 II期 G/GEJ 复旦张江 仅发布 F0024 TROP2 I期 实体瘤 诗健生物 仅发布 ESG401 TROP2 - 一线TNBC 基石药业 墙报 CS5001 ROR1 Ia/b期 实体瘤和淋巴瘤 百力司康 墙报 BB-1701 HER2 - HER2低表达乳腺癌 百奥泰 墙报 BAT8006 FRa I期 实体瘤 浙江医药 口头 ARX788 HER2 II/III期 HER2+乳腺瘤 迈威生物 口头 9MW2821 Nectin-4 I期 实体瘤 康宁杰瑞 墙报 JSKN003 HER2 I/II 期 实体瘤（国内） I期 实体瘤（澳大利亚） 宜联生物 墙报 YL202 HER3 I期 NSCLC、乳腺癌 特瑞思 墙报 TRS005 CD20 I期 CD20阳性B-NHL 石药集团 墙报 SYS6002 Nectin-4 - 尿路上皮癌宫颈癌 数据来源：ASCO大会 图1：ASCO大会国内新药的药物类型 数据来源：ASCO大会官网 结合最近一段时间国产ADC领域多项BD交易的集中爆发，足见国内ADC领域在全球创新药产业中的重要地位，并且这个趋势预计还将在未来多年内继续延续。 Claudin18.2 国产ADC的重要发力点 从靶点上看，ADC领域的33个适应症下的25款产品中，HER2是目前国内ADC领域最集中的靶点方向，共有7款ADC涉及，荣昌生物与浙江医药的RC48与ARX788将在ASCO大会上进行详细的口头报告；百力司康与康宁杰瑞的BB-1701与JSKN003将以墙报的形式展示；恒瑞医药、启德医药与复星医药的SHR-A1811、GQ1001与FS-1502则仅发布研究结果。其次，TROP2、B7H3、CLDN18.2与Nectin-4等其余几个靶点的涉及项目也不在少数，展现了国内ADC领域百花齐放的重要趋势。 图2：ASCO大会国产ADC的靶点趋势 数据来源：ASCO大会官网 并且，由于不同技术路线，因为机制不同，所针对的主要适应症不同，原则上众多ADC产品间并不完全构成竞争。而随着2024年安斯泰来的靶向Claudin18.2（CLDN18.2）IgG1单克隆抗体Zolbetuximab获日本厚生劳动省（MHLW）批准，也使得Claudin18.2这个全新的靶点的关注度越来越高。 更关键的是，由于Claudin 18.2 在亚洲胃癌患者人群中的阳性率高达到 74.4%，远高于 HER2 的阳性率，因此其被认为是继 HER2 之后胃癌治疗的关键靶点，成为全球药企必争之地。 本届ASCO大会上，国内ADC药企针对Claudin 18.2也带来了两款新药的关键数据公布，其分别是礼新医药的LM-302与信达生物的IBI343，前者主要针对胃与胃食管结合部腺癌，后者则是选择了胰腺癌和胆道癌。均为国内，甚至是全球该靶点领域排名居前的产品，值得期待。 横向对比信达、礼新、康诺亚与石药四款Claudin18.2 ADC的关键性数据，即将在ASCO大会上公布的两款新药，似乎也将给群雄逐鹿的Claudin 18.2江湖带来新的波澜。 表2：部分Claudin 18.2 ADC临床数据对比 研发企业 信达生物 礼新 /Turning Point 康诺亚 /阿斯利康 石药/ElevationOncology 产品 IBI343 LM-302 CMG901/AZD0901 SYSA1801 A D C 策 略 Topi,DAR4 VCMMAE,DAR6 VCMMAE,DAR4 VCMMAE,DAR2 最高研发阶段 临床III期 临床III期 临床III期 临床I期 时间 ASCO 2024 ASCO 2024 ASCO 2023 ASCO  2023 人数 35 135 113 33 ORR 38.50% 30.60% 33% 47.10% DCR 84.60% 75% 70% 64.70% mPFS - 7.16月 4.8月 - 数据来源：公开资料整理 礼新医药-LM-302 LM-302 是目前同类分子中拥有最优潜力的靶向Claudin18.2的ADC产品，于2022年5月5日授权与美国Turning Point （已被美国BMS公司收购）公司，达成总价值11亿美元的License Out交易，拉开了国内Claudin18.2相关生物创新药出海的序幕，目前正在中美澳三地同时开展Ⅰ/Ⅱ期临床研究； LM-302是由重组人源化抗Claudin18.2 IgG1单克隆抗体（LM-102)、可裂解连接子以及细胞毒性药物甲基澳瑞他汀E（MMAE）组成，偶联方法仍是传统的巯基与马来酰亚胺的迈克加成反应。 在临床前研究中，临床前数据表明LM-302体外抗体亲和性高、肿瘤杀伤活性强；体内动物模型抑瘤效果及耐受性好。其于2021年被FDA授予三项孤儿药资格，并于去年被CDE认定为突破性疗法，此次大会公布了LM-302的安全性分析结果和胃癌/GEJ癌的疗效数据，有望使其在全球领域的知名度进一步提升。 信达生物-IBI343 IBI343作为信达生物首款ADC产品，其采取差异化设计，Glycan介导的顶点偶联，DAR=4，采用高内吞活性的抗体，进行了Fc Silence突变，体内活性比DAR=8的DXd-ADC更强，亲水性更好、PK更好，原则上具有更强的旁观者效应。据信达生物资料显示，IBI343能够展现出潜在比Dxd（DAR8）更强效的抗肿瘤活性，并且在临床前试验中观察到更宽的安全性边际。 同时，本届大会上信达生物并未选择Claudin 18.2更集中的胃癌与胃食管癌，而是转而重点针对胰腺癌，由于该领域更迫切的临床需求，更稀少的临床用药，且如DS-8201等老牌ADC的疗效甚微，有望形成更有意义的差异化竞争。 图3：IBI343结构 图片来源：信达生物 并且，信达生物作为CLDN18.2 的坚定布局者，除ADC之外，还涉及双抗，单抗与CAR-T等创新疗法，或许CLDN18.2或将在未来带领信达更上一个台阶。 三阴乳腺癌 国产ADC的“破局”之路 从ASCO大会上国产ADC项目的适应症上看，除实体瘤外集中度较高外，多数ADC管线的适应症由于表达基因的影响，重复性并不高，存在较明显的差异化竞争（如HER2阳性乳腺瘤、CLDN18.2阳性胆管癌等），但若不考虑表达基因的影响，仅按照适应症大类统计，除实体瘤适应症之外，乳腺癌是国内ADC产业相对集中的领域，会上共有7款乳腺癌ADC产品将公布最新研究进度。 其次是肺癌、胰腺癌/胆管癌、G/GEJ、淋巴瘤各有4款ADC；膀胱癌与宫颈癌则各有2款；RR骨肉瘤与UC（溃疡性结肠炎）各有1款（如下图）。 图4：ASCO大会国产ADC的适应症分布 数据来源：ASCO大会官网 而从上会的ADC管线临床进度上看，25款产品中的33个适应症下，临床I期的项目最多，占比近30%；临床Ⅲ期的ADC项目最少，仅有科伦博泰的SKB264的TNBC（三阴性乳腺癌）适应症一项，也是所有ADC项目中最值得期待的国产ADC产品。 图5：ASCO大会国产ADC的临床阶段分布 数据来源：ASCO大会官网 科伦博泰-SKB264 此次大会上，科伦博泰Trop2 ADC新药SKB264的两项临床研究数据将在会上做口头报告。 一者，是用于经治局部复发性或转移性三阴乳腺癌三期临床OptiTROP-Breast01的最新数据； 二者，是SKB264联合KL-A167一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的二期临床OptiTROP-Lung01最新数据。 就该ADC产品而言，科伦博泰的SKB264具有高亲和力和靶向性的人源化抗TROP2单抗，通过稳定性经过优化的CL2A连接子与自研毒素小分子T030（拓扑异构酶Ⅰ抑制剂）结合而成，药物抗体比（DAR）平均高达7.4，具有强效抗肿瘤作用。 从三阴乳腺癌适应症来看，科伦博泰的SKB264对比Trodelvy和Dato-DXd（第一三共）的相关数据，取得了更好的缓解率和生存获益数据，虽不是头对头数据，但其治疗潜力无疑巨大，有望让更多患者在治疗中获益。 表3 SKB264与部分ADC产品的历史数据横向对比情况（非头对头） 产品分类 Trodelvy Dato-DXd SKB264 原研企业 吉利德 第一三共/阿斯利康 科伦博泰/默沙东 临床试验 III期（2022 ASCO） I期（SABCS 2023） III期（2024 ASCO） 例数 529 44 130 基线 接受过紫杉醇和至少2种化疗 平均接受过3种以上治疗方案 接受过3种以上治疗方案 mPFS 5.6 月 4.4 月 5.7月 ORR 35% 32% 43.80% mOS 12.1 个月 13.5 个月 NR 数据来源：公开数据整理 从非小细胞肺癌适应症来看，2022年5月，科伦博泰将SKB264的海外权益以超14亿美元授予默沙东，目前两者各自已围绕SKB264启动了多项临床试验，包括联合PD-1治疗多种实体瘤的试验。 而本次ASCO大会上科伦博泰也将SKB264在肺癌领域取得率先突破的希望，寄托给了与自身KL-A167（泰特利单抗注射液）的联用上，以期望在现阶段ADC技术下让更多病人获得前线获益。 表4 SKB264非小细胞肺癌Ⅱ期临床数据 分类 1A 1B 入组患者 40 63 中位年龄 63 63 ORR 48.60% 77.60% DCR 94.60% 100% mPFS 15.4个月 nr 6月PFS 69.20% 84.60% 数据来源：公开数据整理 小结 有目共睹，随着近年来多款国产ADC成功出海，让中国biotech的研发实力得到了国际认可，也让我国biotech不再游走于创新药的边缘，转而与全球制药企业同战线竞争。 并且，由于ADC技术的组合创新属性，使得国内各领域的公司与人才得以协同共进，开发出越来越多差异化产品，找到了创新药的重要突破方向。 为了能在ADC蓝海市场竞争中取得优势，各大药企前仆后继地亮相于各大全球性会议，目的就是为了展示出目前中国ADC药物研发新高地的情况，使得更多国内药企能借ADC之势在更多技术领域能“坐上餐桌”。 国产ADC，或许是目前中国创新药走向世界的“最佳机会”，而ASCO大会上的诸位正是此战毫无疑问的“先锋军”。 参考来源： 1.2024 ASCO之ADC药物篇，国产ADC势如破竹，CCMTV肿瘤之音，2024-05-23 2.2024 ASCO：国产明星ADC汇总，医学联络官，2024-05-05 3.SKB264：奏响三阴乳腺癌疗效最强音， 医药笔记， 2023-12-07 4.科伦博泰SKB264三阴性乳腺癌Ⅲ期研究结果亮相2024 ASCO， 慧医养 ，2024-05-27 5.2024 ASCO| 默沙东/科伦TROP2 ADC、信达、礼新CLDN18.2 ADC数据公布， 药研网 ，2024-05-24 来源 | 博药（药智网获取授权转载） 撰稿 | 头孢 责任编辑 | 八角 声明：本文系药智网转载内容，图片、文字版权归原作者所有，转载目的在于传递更多信息，并不代表本平台观点。如涉及作品内容、版权和其它问题，请在本平台留言，我们将在第一时间删除。 商务合作 | 王存星 19922864877（同微信）  阅读原文，是受欢迎的文章哦

Biomarker Analyses from Pivotal Phase 3 CLEAR Trial in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Will Be Featured in an Oral Presentation Additional Data From Eisai's Pipeline Provide Insights Into Metastatic Breast Cancer and Other Solid Tumors NUTLEY, N.J., May 23, 2024 /PRNewswire/ --Eisai Inc. announced today the presentation of research across multiple types of cancer from its oncology portfolio and pipeline during the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting (#ASCO24), which is taking place virtually and in-person in Chicago, Illinois from May 31 to June 4. Notable data include an oral presentation on biomarker analyses from the pivotal Phase 3 CLEAR (Study 307)/KEYNOTE-581 trial (NCT02811861), which evaluated lenvatinib (LENVIMA®), the orally available multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor discovered by Eisai, plus pembrolizumab (KEYTRUDA®), Merck's anti-PD-1 therapy, versus sunitinib for the first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (Abstract #4504). An analysis of patterns of disease progression and subsequent therapy from this trial will also be presented in a poster presentation (Abstract #4524). "At Eisai, we let the science drive us to new approaches that accelerate progress in oncology, while also remaining grounded in our human health care concept that reinforces our commitment to prioritize the needs of patients and families impacted by a cancer diagnosis," said Dr. Takashi Owa, Chief Scientific Officer, Senior Vice President, Eisai Co., Ltd. "With this in mind, we look forward to sharing research that provides further insight into the role of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab as a first-line standard of care option in advanced renal cell carcinoma, as well as research that explores various modalities in our pipeline for the potential treatment of advanced diseases with the goal of improving patients' lives." Other key research of note from Eisai's pipeline include an oral presentation of Phase 3 data from the JBCRG-M06/EMERALD study in Japan evaluating trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with Eisai's eribulin mesylate or a taxane in patients with HER2-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (NCT03264547; Abstract #1007). Additional pipeline research to be presented in poster sessions include an overview of a Phase 2 study of BB-1701, an antibody drug conjugate targeting HER2, in previously treated patients with HER2-positive or HER2-low unresectable or metastatic breast cancer (NCT06188559; Abstract #TPS1122), findings from a Phase 1b trial of tasurgratinib (development code: E7090) with or without endocrine therapies for patients with ER positive, HER2 negative recurrent/metastatic breast cancer after receiving a CDK4/6 inhibitor (NCT04572295; Abstract #3103), as well as the dose-expansion part of a Phase 1b global study of E7386 (a Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulator) in combination with lenvatinib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and other solid tumors including endometrial cancer (NCT04008797; Abstract #TPS3169). This release discusses investigational compounds and investigational uses for FDA-approved products. It is not intended to convey conclusions about efficacy and safety. There is no guarantee that any investigational compounds or investigational uses of FDA-approved products will successfully complete clinical development or gain FDA approval. The full list of Eisai presentations is included below. These abstracts will be made available via the ASCO website on Thursday, May 23, 2024, at 5:00 PM EDT. In March 2018, Eisai and Merck (known as MSD outside the United States and Canada), through an affiliate, entered into a strategic collaboration for the worldwide co-development and co-commercialization of lenvatinib, both as monotherapy and in combination with Merck's anti-PD-1 therapy, pembrolizumab. Eisai and Merck are studying the lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab combination through the LEAP (LEnvatinib And Pembrolizumab) clinical program in various tumor types across multiple clinical trials. In May 2023, Eisai entered into a joint development agreement with Bliss Biopharmaceutical (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Zhejiang Province, China, "BlissBio"), for BB-1701, a HER2-targeting antibody drug conjugate (ADC), with option rights for a strategic collaboration. Eisai and BlissBio are currently investigating BB-1701 in a Phase 2 clinical trial in Japan and the United States for breast cancer, and a Phase 1/2 clinical trial in the United States and China for HER2-expressing solid tumors. About BB-1701 BB-1701 is an antibody drug conjugate (ADC) that is composed of Eisai's in-house developed cytotoxic agent eribulin, and an anti-HER2 antibody using a linker, and is expected to have anti-tumor effects on breast, lung and other solid tumors that express HER2 through direct cytotoxicity (including immunogenic cell death), a bystander effect* and immune response-induced cell death. *Bystander effect: When the cytotoxic agent and antibody parts of an ADC are separated inside a targeted antigen-positive cancer cell, the released cytotoxic agent also affects neighboring antigen-negative cancer cells and the component cells of the cancer microenvironment. About E7386 E7386 is a selective inhibitor of the interaction between the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) binding protein (CBP) / β-catenin and a modulator of the Wnt / β-catenin signaling pathway. E7386 is thought to block the protein-protein interaction between a transcriptional co-activator, CBP and β-catenin, resulting in the inhibition of Wnt / β-catenin pathway-dependent gene expression. Since E7386 is thought to act on the CBP / β-catenin transcription complex located at the most downstream of the Wnt signaling, it is expected to inhibit not only ligand-dependent activation but also activation caused by gene mutations in Wnt signaling factors such as adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and β-catenin. E7386 is created through collaboration research between Eisai and PRISM BioLab Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Kanagawa) About HALAVEN® (eribulin mesylate) Injection (0.5 mg/mL) HALAVEN (eribulin mesylate) Injection is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) who have previously received at least 2 chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of metastatic disease. Prior therapy should have included an anthracycline and a taxane in either the adjuvant or metastatic setting. HALAVEN is also indicated for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma who have received a prior anthracycline-containing regimen. Eribulin is a microtubule dynamics inhibitor in the halichondrin class with a novel mechanism of action, developed in-house by Eisai. Structurally, eribulin is a simplified and synthetically produced version of halichondrin B, a natural product isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai. Eribulin is believed to work by inhibiting the growth phase of microtubule dynamics which prevents cell division. In addition, non-clinical studies showed eribulin's unique actions in the tumor microenvironment such as an increase in vascular perfusion and permeability in tumor cores, promotion of the epithelial state, decrease in capacity of breast cancer cells to migrate, etc. Important Safety Information for HALAVEN Warnings and Precautions Neutropenia: Severe neutropenia (ANC <500/mm3) lasting >1 week occurred in 12% of patients with mBC. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 5% of patients with mBC and 2 patients (0.4%) died from complications. Patients with mBC with elevated liver enzymes >3 × ULN and bilirubin >1.5 × ULN experienced a higher incidence of Grade 4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia than patients with normal levels. Monitor complete blood cell counts prior to each dose, and increase the frequency of monitoring in patients who develop Grade 3 or 4 cytopenias. Delay administration and reduce subsequent doses in patients who experience febrile neutropenia or Grade 4 neutropenia lasting >7 days. Peripheral Neuropathy: Grade 3 peripheral neuropathy occurred in 8% of patients with mBC (Grade 4=0.4%) and 22% developed a new or worsening neuropathy that had not recovered within a median follow-up duration of 269 days (range 25-662 days). Neuropathy lasting >1 year occurred in 5% of patients with mBC. Patients should be monitored for signs of peripheral motor and sensory neuropathy. Withhold HALAVEN in patients who experience Grade 3 or 4 peripheral neuropathy until resolution to Grade 2 or less. Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: HALAVEN can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with HALAVEN and for at least 2 weeks following the final dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with HALAVEN and for 3.5 months following the final dose. QT Prolongation: Monitor for prolonged QT intervals in patients with congestive heart failure, bradyarrhythmias, drugs known to prolong the QT interval, and electrolyte abnormalities. Correct hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia prior to initiating HALAVEN and monitor these electrolytes periodically during therapy. Avoid in patients with congenital long QT syndrome. Adverse Reactions In patients with mBC receiving HALAVEN, the most common adverse reactions (≥25%) were neutropenia (82%), anemia (58%), asthenia/fatigue (54%), alopecia (45%), peripheral neuropathy (35%), nausea (35%), and constipation (25%). Febrile neutropenia (4%) and neutropenia (2%) were the most common serious adverse reactions. The most common adverse reaction resulting in discontinuation was peripheral neuropathy (5%). In patients with liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma receiving HALAVEN, the most common adverse reactions (≥25%) reported in patients receiving HALAVEN were fatigue (62%), nausea (41%), alopecia (35%), constipation (32%), peripheral neuropathy (29%), abdominal pain (29%), and pyrexia (28%). The most common (≥5%) Grade 3-4 laboratory abnormalities reported in patients receiving HALAVEN were neutropenia (32%), hypokalemia (5.4%), and hypocalcemia (5%). Neutropenia (4.9%) and pyrexia (4.5%) were the most common serious adverse reactions. The most common adverse reactions resulting in discontinuation were fatigue and thrombocytopenia (0.9% each). Use in Specific Populations Lactation: Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants from eribulin mesylate, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with HALAVEN and for 2 weeks after the final dose. Hepatic and Renal Impairment: A reduction in starting dose is recommended for patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment and/or moderate or severe renal impairment. For more information about HALAVEN, click here for the full Prescribing Information. HALAVEN® is a registered trademark used by Eisai Inc. under license from Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd. About LENVIMA® (lenvatinib) Capsules LENVIMA is indicated: For the treatment of adult patients with locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) In combination with pembrolizumab, for the first line treatment of adult patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) In combination with everolimus for the treatment of adult patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) following one prior anti-angiogenic therapy For the first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) In combination with pembrolizumab, for the treatment of patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma (EC) that is mismatch repair proficient (pMMR), as determined by an FDA-approved test, or not microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), who have disease progression following prior systemic therapy in any setting and are not candidates for curative surgery or radiation. LENVIMA, discovered and developed by Eisai, is a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits the kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors VEGFR1 (FLT1), VEGFR2 (KDR), and VEGFR3 (FLT4). LENVIMA inhibits other kinases that have been implicated in pathogenic angiogenesis, tumor growth, and cancer progression in addition to their normal cellular functions, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors FGFR1-4, the platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), KIT, and RET. Lenvatinib also exhibited antiproliferative activity in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines dependent on activated FGFR signaling with a concurrent inhibition of FGF-receptor substrate 2 alpha (FRS2) phosphorylation. In syngeneic mouse tumor models, the combination of lenvatinib with an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody decreased tumor-associated macrophages, increased activated cytotoxic T cells, and demonstrated greater antitumor activity compared to either treatment alone. The combination of LENVIMA and everolimus showed increased antiangiogenic and antitumor activity as demonstrated by decreased human endothelial cell proliferation, tube formation, and VEGF signaling in vitro and tumor volume in mouse xenograft models of human renal cell cancer greater than each drug alone. Important Safety Information for LENVIMA Warnings and Precautions Hypertension. In DTC (differentiated thyroid cancer), hypertension occurred in 73% of patients on LENVIMA (44% grade 3-4). In RCC (renal cell carcinoma), hypertension occurred in 42% of patients on LENVIMA + everolimus (13% grade 3). Systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg occurred in 29% of patients, and 21% had diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mmHg. In HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma), hypertension occurred in 45% of LENVIMA-treated patients (24% grade 3). Grade 4 hypertension was not reported in HCC. Serious complications of poorly controlled hypertension have been reported. Control blood pressure prior to initiation. Monitor blood pressure after 1 week, then every 2 weeks for the first 2 months, and then at least monthly thereafter during treatment. Withhold and resume at reduced dose when hypertension is controlled or permanently discontinue based on severity. Cardiac Dysfunction. Serious and fatal cardiac dysfunction can occur with LENVIMA. Across clinical trials in 799 patients with DTC, RCC, and HCC, grade 3 or higher cardiac dysfunction occurred in 3% of LENVIMA-treated patients. Monitor for clinical symptoms or signs of cardiac dysfunction. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue based on severity. Arterial Thromboembolic Events. Among patients receiving LENVIMA or LENVIMA + everolimus, arterial thromboembolic events of any severity occurred in 2% of patients in RCC and HCC and 5% in DTC. Grade 3-5 arterial thromboembolic events ranged from 2% to 3% across all clinical trials. Among patients receiving LENVIMA with pembrolizumab, arterial thrombotic events of any severity occurred in 5% of patients in CLEAR, including myocardial infarction (3.4%) and cerebrovascular accident (2.3%). Permanently discontinue following an arterial thrombotic event. The safety of resuming after an arterial thromboembolic event has not been established, and LENVIMA has not been studied in patients who have had an arterial thromboembolic event within the previous 6 months. Hepatotoxicity. Across clinical studies enrolling 1327 LENVIMA-treated patients with malignancies other than HCC, serious hepatic adverse reactions occurred in 1.4% of patients. Fatal events, including hepatic failure, acute hepatitis, and hepatorenal syndrome, occurred in 0.5% of patients. In HCC, hepatic encephalopathy occurred in 8% of LENVIMA-treated patients (5% grade 3-5). Grade 3-5 hepatic failure occurred in 3% of LENVIMA-treated patients; 2% of patients discontinued LENVIMA due to hepatic encephalopathy, and 1% discontinued due to hepatic failure. Monitor liver function prior to initiation, then every 2 weeks for the first 2 months, and at least monthly thereafter during treatment. Monitor patients with HCC closely for signs of hepatic failure, including hepatic encephalopathy. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue based on severity. Renal Failure or Impairment. Serious including fatal renal failure or impairment can occur with LENVIMA. Renal impairment was reported in 14% and 7% of LENVIMA-treated patients in DTC and HCC, respectively. Grade 3-5 renal failure or impairment occurred in 3% of patients with DTC and 2% of patients with HCC, including 1 fatal event in each study. In RCC, renal impairment or renal failure was reported in 18% of LENVIMA + everolimus–treated patients (10% grade 3). Initiate prompt management of diarrhea or dehydration/hypovolemia. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue for renal failure or impairment based on severity. Proteinuria. In DTC and HCC, proteinuria was reported in 34% and 26% of LENVIMA-treated patients, respectively. Grade 3 proteinuria occurred in 11% and 6% in DTC and HCC, respectively. In RCC, proteinuria occurred in 31% of patients receiving LENVIMA + everolimus (8% grade 3). Monitor for proteinuria prior to initiation and periodically during treatment. If urine dipstick proteinuria ≥2+ is detected, obtain a 24-hour urine protein. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue based on severity. Diarrhea. Of the 737 LENVIMA-treated patients in DTC and HCC, diarrhea occurred in 49% (6% grade 3). In RCC, diarrhea occurred in 81% of LENVIMA + everolimus–treated patients (19% grade 3). Diarrhea was the most frequent cause of dose interruption/reduction, and diarrhea recurred despite dose reduction. Promptly initiate management of diarrhea. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue based on severity. Fistula Formation and Gastrointestinal Perforation. Of the 799 patients treated with LENVIMA or LENVIMA + everolimus in DTC, RCC, and HCC, fistula or gastrointestinal perforation occurred in 2%. Permanently discontinue in patients who develop gastrointestinal perforation of any severity or grade 3-4 fistula. QT Interval Prolongation. In DTC, QT/QTc interval prolongation occurred in 9% of LENVIMA-treated patients and QT interval prolongation of >500 ms occurred in 2%. In RCC, QTc interval increases of >60 ms occurred in 11% of patients receiving LENVIMA + everolimus and QTc interval >500 ms occurred in 6%. In HCC, QTc interval increases of >60 ms occurred in 8% of LENVIMA-treated patients and QTc interval >500 ms occurred in 2%. Monitor and correct electrolyte abnormalities at baseline and periodically during treatment. Monitor electrocardiograms in patients with congenital long QT syndrome, congestive heart failure, bradyarrhythmias, or those who are taking drugs known to prolong the QT interval, including Class Ia and III antiarrhythmics. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery based on severity. Hypocalcemia. In DTC, grade 3-4 hypocalcemia occurred in 9% of LENVIMA-treated patients. In 65% of cases, hypocalcemia improved or resolved following calcium supplementation with or without dose interruption or dose reduction. In RCC, grade 3-4 hypocalcemia occurred in 6% of LENVIMA + everolimus–treated patients. In HCC, grade 3 hypocalcemia occurred in 0.8% of LENVIMA-treated patients. Monitor blood calcium levels at least monthly and replace calcium as necessary during treatment. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue depending on severity. Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS). Across clinical studies of 1823 patients who received LENVIMA as a single agent, RPLS occurred in 0.3%. Confirm diagnosis of RPLS with MRI. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue depending on severity and persistence of neurologic symptoms. Hemorrhagic Events. Serious including fatal hemorrhagic events can occur with LENVIMA. In DTC, RCC, and HCC clinical trials, hemorrhagic events, of any grade, occurred in 29% of the 799 patients treated with LENVIMA as a single agent or in combination with everolimus. The most frequently reported hemorrhagic events (all grades and occurring in at least 5% of patients) were epistaxis and hematuria. In DTC, grade 3-5 hemorrhage occurred in 2% of LENVIMA-treated patients, including 1 fatal intracranial hemorrhage among 16 patients who received LENVIMA and had CNS metastases at baseline. In RCC, grade 3-5 hemorrhage occurred in 8% of LENVIMA + everolimus–treated patients, including 1 fatal cerebral hemorrhage. In HCC, grade 3-5 hemorrhage occurred in 5% of LENVIMA-treated patients, including 7 fatal hemorrhagic events. Serious tumor-related bleeds, including fatal hemorrhagic events, occurred in LENVIMA-treated patients in clinical trials and in the postmarketing setting. In postmarketing surveillance, serious and fatal carotid artery hemorrhages were seen more frequently in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) than other tumors. Safety and effectiveness of LENVIMA in patients with ATC have not been demonstrated in clinical trials. Consider the risk of severe or fatal hemorrhage associated with tumor invasion or infiltration of major blood vessels (eg, carotid artery). Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon recovery or permanently discontinue based on severity. Impairment of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Suppression/Thyroid Dysfunction. LENVIMA impairs exogenous thyroid suppression. In DTC, 88% of patients had baseline thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level ≤0.5 mU/L. In patients with normal TSH at baseline, elevation of TSH level >0.5 mU/L was observed post baseline in 57% of LENVIMA-treated patients. In RCC and HCC, grade 1 or 2 hypothyroidism occurred in 24% of LENVIMA + everolimus–treated patients and 21% of LENVIMA-treated patients, respectively. In patients with normal or low TSH at baseline, elevation of TSH was observed post baseline in 70% of LENVIMA-treated patients in HCC and 60% of LENVIMA + everolimus–treated patients in RCC. Monitor thyroid function prior to initiation and at least monthly during treatment. Treat hypothyroidism according to standard medical practice. Impaired Wound Healing. Impaired wound healing has been reported in patients who received LENVIMA. Withhold LENVIMA for at least 1 week prior to elective surgery. Do not administer for at least 2 weeks following major surgery and until adequate wound healing. The safety of resumption of LENVIMA after resolution of wound healing complications has not been established. Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ). ONJ has been reported in patients receiving LENVIMA. Concomitant exposure to other risk factors, such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, dental disease, or invasive dental procedures, may increase the risk of ONJ. Perform an oral examination prior to treatment with LENVIMA and periodically during LENVIMA treatment. Advise patients regarding good oral hygiene practices and to consider having preventive dentistry performed prior to treatment with LENVIMA and throughout treatment with LENVIMA. Avoid invasive dental procedures, if possible, while on LENVIMA treatment, particularly in patients at higher risk. Withhold LENVIMA for at least 1 week prior to scheduled dental surgery or invasive dental procedures, if possible. For patients requiring invasive dental procedures, discontinuation of bisphosphonate treatment may reduce the risk of ONJ. Withhold LENVIMA if ONJ develops and restart based on clinical judgement of adequate resolution. Embryo-Fetal Toxicity. Based on its mechanism of action and data from animal reproduction studies, LENVIMA can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of lenvatinib during organogenesis at doses below the recommended clinical doses resulted in embryotoxicity, fetotoxicity, and teratogenicity in rats and rabbits. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus and advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with LENVIMA and for 30 days after the last dose. Adverse Reactions In DTC, the most common adverse reactions (≥30%) observed in LENVIMA-treated patients were hypertension (73%), fatigue (67%), diarrhea (67%), arthralgia/myalgia (62%), decreased appetite (54%), decreased weight (51%), nausea (47%), stomatitis (41%), headache (38%), vomiting (36%), proteinuria (34%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (32%), abdominal pain (31%), and dysphonia (31%). The most common serious adverse reactions (≥2%) were pneumonia (4%), hypertension (3%), and dehydration (3%). Adverse reactions led to dose reductions in 68% of LENVIMA-treated patients; 18% discontinued LENVIMA. The most common adverse reactions (≥10%) resulting in dose reductions were hypertension (13%), proteinuria (11%), decreased appetite (10%), and diarrhea (10%); the most common adverse reactions (≥1%) resulting in discontinuation of LENVIMA were hypertension (1%) and asthenia (1%). In RCC, the most common adverse reactions (≥20%) observed in LENVIMA + pembrolizumab-treated patients were fatigue (63%), diarrhea (62%), musculoskeletal pain (58%), hypothyroidism (57%), hypertension (56%), stomatitis (43%), decreased appetite (41%), rash (37%), nausea (36%), decreased weight (30%), dysphonia (30%), proteinuria (30%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (29%), abdominal pain (27%), hemorrhagic events (27%), vomiting (26%), constipation (25%), hepatotoxicity (25%), headache (23%), and acute kidney injury (21%). The most common serious adverse reactions (≥2%) were hemorrhagic events (5%), diarrhea (4%), hypertension (3%), myocardial infarction (3%), pneumonitis (3%), vomiting (3%), acute kidney injury (2%), adrenal insufficiency (2%), dyspnea (2%), and pneumonia (2%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 4.3% of patients receiving LENVIMA in combination with pembrolizumab, including cardio-respiratory arrest (0.9%), sepsis (0.9%), and one case (0.3%) each of arrhythmia, autoimmune hepatitis, dyspnea, hypertensive crisis, increased blood creatinine, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, myasthenic syndrome, myocarditis, nephritis, pneumonitis, ruptured aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 51% of patients receiving LENVIMA and pembrolizumab. Serious adverse reactions in ≥2% of patients were hemorrhagic events (5%), diarrhea (4%), hypertension (3%), myocardial infarction (3%), pneumonitis (3%), vomiting (3%), acute kidney injury (2%), adrenal insufficiency (2%), dyspnea (2%), and pneumonia (2%). Permanent discontinuation of LENVIMA, pembrolizumab, or both due to an adverse reaction occurred in 37% of patients; 26% LENVIMA only, 29% pembrolizumab only, and 13% both drugs. The most common adverse reactions (≥2%) leading to permanent discontinuation of LENVIMA, pembrolizumab, or both were pneumonitis (3%), myocardial infarction (3%), hepatotoxicity (3%), acute kidney injury (3%), rash (3%), and diarrhea (2%). Dose interruptions of LENVIMA, pembrolizumab, or both due to an adverse reaction occurred in 78% of patients receiving LENVIMA in combination with pembrolizumab. LENVIMA was interrupted in 73% of patients and both drugs were interrupted in 39% of patients. LENVIMA was dose reduced in 69% of patients. The most common adverse reactions (≥5%) resulting in dose reduction or interruption of LENVIMA were diarrhea (26%), fatigue (18%), hypertension (17%), proteinuria (13%), decreased appetite (12%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (11%), nausea (9%), stomatitis (9%), musculoskeletal pain (8%), rash (8%), increased lipase (7%), abdominal pain (6%), and vomiting (6%), increased ALT (5%), and increased amylase (5%). In RCC, the most common adverse reactions (≥30%) observed in LENVIMA + everolimus–treated patients were diarrhea (81%), fatigue (73%), arthralgia/myalgia (55%), decreased appetite (53%), vomiting (48%), nausea (45%), stomatitis (44%), hypertension (42%), peripheral edema (42%), cough (37%), abdominal pain (37%), dyspnea (35%), rash (35%), decreased weight (34%), hemorrhagic events (32%), and proteinuria (31%). The most common serious adverse reactions (≥5%) were renal failure (11%), dehydration (10%), anemia (6%), thrombocytopenia (5%), diarrhea (5%), vomiting (5%), and dyspnea (5%). Adverse reactions led to dose reductions or interruption in 89% of patients. The most common adverse reactions (≥5%) resulting in dose reductions were diarrhea (21%), fatigue (8%), thrombocytopenia (6%), vomiting (6%), nausea (5%), and proteinuria (5%). Treatment discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 29% of patients. In HCC, the most common adverse reactions (≥20%) observed in LENVIMA-treated patients were hypertension (45%), fatigue (44%), diarrhea (39%), decreased appetite (34%), arthralgia/myalgia (31%), decreased weight (31%), abdominal pain (30%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (27%), proteinuria (26%), dysphonia (24%), hemorrhagic events (23%), hypothyroidism (21%), and nausea (20%). The most common serious adverse reactions (≥2%) were hepatic encephalopathy (5%), hepatic failure (3%), ascites (3%), and decreased appetite (2%). Adverse reactions led to dose reductions or interruption in 62% of patients. The most common adverse reactions (≥5%) resulting in dose reductions were fatigue (9%), decreased appetite (8%), diarrhea (8%), proteinuria (7%), hypertension (6%), and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (5%). Treatment discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 20% of patients. The most common adverse reactions (≥1%) resulting in discontinuation of LENVIMA were fatigue (1%), hepatic encephalopathy (2%), hyperbilirubinemia (1%), and hepatic failure (1%). In EC, the most common adverse reactions (≥20%) observed in LENVIMA and pembrolizumab–treated patients were hypothyroidism (67%), hypertension (67%), fatigue (58%), diarrhea (55%), musculoskeletal disorders (53%), nausea (49%), decreased appetite (44%), vomiting (37%), stomatitis (35%), decreased weight (34%), abdominal pain (34%), urinary tract infection (31%), proteinuria (29%), constipation (27%), headache (26%), hemorrhagic events (25%), palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia (23%), dysphonia (22%), and rash (20%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 4.7% of those treated with LENVIMA and pembrolizumab, including 2 cases of pneumonia, and 1 case of the following: acute kidney injury, acute myocardial infarction, colitis, decreased appetite, intestinal perforation, lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage, malignant gastrointestinal obstruction, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, myelodysplastic syndrome, pulmonary embolism, and right ventricular dysfunction. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 50% of patients receiving LENVIMA and pembrolizumab. Serious adverse reactions with frequency ≥3% were hypertension (4.4%), and urinary tract infection (3.2%). Discontinuation of LENVIMA due to an adverse reaction occurred in 26% of patients. The most common (≥1%) adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of LENVIMA were hypertension (2%), asthenia (1.8%), diarrhea (1.2%), decreased appetite (1.2%), proteinuria (1.2%), and vomiting (1.2%). Dose reductions of LENVIMA due to adverse reactions occurred in 67% of patients. The most common (≥5%) adverse reactions resulting in dose reduction of LENVIMA were hypertension (18%), diarrhea (11%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (9%), proteinuria (7%), fatigue (7%), decreased appetite (6%), asthenia (5%), and weight decreased (5%). Dose interruptions of LENVIMA due to an adverse reaction occurred in 58% of these patients. The most common (≥2%) adverse reactions leading to interruption of LENVIMA were hypertension (11%), diarrhea (11%), proteinuria (6%), decreased appetite (5%), vomiting (5%), increased alanine aminotransferase (3.5%), fatigue (3.5%), nausea (3.5%), abdominal pain (2.9%), weight decreased (2.6%), urinary tract infection (2.6%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (2.3%), asthenia (2.3%), and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (2%). Use in Specific Populations Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed children, advise women to discontinue breastfeeding during treatment and for 1 week after the last dose. LENVIMA may impair fertility in males and females of reproductive potential. No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild (CLcr 60-89 mL/min) or moderate (CLcr 30-59 mL/min) renal impairment. LENVIMA concentrations may increase in patients with DTC, RCC, or EC and severe (CLcr 15-29 mL/min) renal impairment. Reduce the dose for patients with DTC, RCC, or EC and severe renal impairment. There is no recommended dose for patients with HCC and severe renal impairment. LENVIMA has not been studied in patients with end-stage renal disease. No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with HCC and mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A). There is no recommended dose for patients with HCC with moderate (Child-Pugh B) or severe (Child-Pugh C) hepatic impairment. No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with DTC, RCC, or EC and mild or moderate hepatic impairment. LENVIMA concentrations may increase in patients with DTC, RCC, or EC and severe hepatic impairment. Reduce the dose for patients with DTC, RCC, or EC and severe hepatic impairment. LENVIMA (lenvatinib) is available as 10 mg and 4 mg capsules. Please see Prescribing Information for LENVIMA (lenvatinib) at About the Eisai and Merck Strategic Collaboration In March 2018, Eisai and Merck, known as MSD outside the United States and Canada, through an affiliate, entered into a strategic collaboration for the worldwide co-development and co-commercialization of LENVIMA. Under the agreement, the companies jointly develop, manufacture and commercialize LENVIMA, both as monotherapy and in combination with Merck's anti-PD-1 therapy KEYTRUDA. Eisai and Merck are studying the KEYTRUDA plus LENVIMA combination through the LEAP (LEnvatinib And Pembrolizumab) clinical program in various tumor types across multiple clinical trials. About Eisai Eisai's Corporate Concept is "to give first thought to patients and people in the daily living domain, and to increase the benefits that health care provides." Under this Concept [also known as our human health care (hhc) Concept], we aim to effectively achieve social good in the form of relieving anxiety over health and reducing health disparities. With a global network of R&D facilities, manufacturing sites and marketing subsidiaries, we strive to create and deliver innovative products to target diseases with high unmet medical needs, with a particular focus in our strategic areas of Neurology and Oncology. In addition, our continued commitment to the elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), which is a target (3.3) of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is demonstrated by our work on various activities together with global partners. For more information about Eisai, please visit (for global headquarters: Eisai Co., Ltd.), us.eisai.com (for U.S. headquarters: Eisai Inc.) or (for Europe, Middle East, Africa, Russia, Australia, and New Zealand headquarters: Eisai Europe Ltd.), and connect with us on Twitter (U.S. and global) and LinkedIn (for U.S. and EMEA). LENVIMA® is a registered trademark used by Eisai Inc. under license from Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd. ©2024 Eisai Inc. All Rights Reserved. KEYTRUDA® is a registered trademark of Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., U.S.A.