Bupropion Hypochloride

▎药明康德内容团队编辑近年来，阿尔茨海默病的治疗获得重大突破。卫材（Eisai）和渤健（Biogen）联合开发的抗淀粉样蛋白抗体Leqembi获得美国FDA的完全批准，治疗早期阿尔茨海默病患者。礼来（Eli Lilly and Company）公司的抗体疗法donanemab也在临床试验中展现出延缓疾病进展速度的潜力，目前它的上市申请正在接受FDA的审评。除了开发改变疾病进程的疗法，越来越多的公司也关注缓解阿尔茨海默病患者的症状。据分析，35%的阿尔茨海默病患者会出现精神病发作（psychosis），然而目前并没有针对这些患者群体的获批疗法，他们具有高度未满足的医疗需求。图片来源：123RF传统抗精神病药物的不足之处鉴于缺乏选择，患有精神病的阿尔茨海默病患者可能会被开具用于治疗精神分裂症的抗精神病药物。然而，大多数抗精神病药物靶向多巴胺和血清素受体，这些神经递质在身体的许多生理过程中起作用。因此药物可能会引起过度嗜睡、吞咽困难和不受控制的运动等副作用。业界专家指出，这些副作用导致阿尔茨海默病患者的用药依从性问题，他们已经在服用其他药物，可能不愿意容忍额外的副作用。考虑到这一点，许多公司正在努力制造更好的精神分裂症药物，并将这些候选药物重新定位，用于治疗与阿尔茨海默病相关的精神病。治疗阿尔茨海默病相关精神病的在研疗法Karuna Therapeutics公司正在开发KarXT用于治疗精神分裂症和与阿尔茨海默病相关的精神病。KarXT是一款口服M1/M4型毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体激动剂。由xanomeline和trospium chloride两种有效成分构成，旨在激活大脑中的毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体的同时，减少对外周毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体的作用。通过刺激毒蕈碱受体M1和M4受体，xanomeline可缓解负面症状，如冷漠、社会驱动力减少、提高认知能力，并对改善其它精神症状，如幻觉和妄想很有帮助。而季铵盐化合物trospium chloride为毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂，可抑制xanomeline于外周神经中的副作用。KarXT目前正在3期临床试验中接受检验，用于治疗阿尔茨海默病相关的精神病。Cerevel Therapeutics开发的emraclidine也靶向毒蕈碱信号通路。它是一款毒蕈碱M4受体的正向别构调节剂（PAM）。Emraclidine目前处于治疗精神分裂症的2期临床试验中。该公司也正在进行一项针对老年健康志愿者的1期临床试验，以支持在阿尔茨海默病相关精神病领域的开发。图片来源：123RFAxsome的AXS-05是两种药物的组合，其中右美沙芬是一种非竞争性NMDA受体拮抗剂，AXS-05的安非他酮成分则用于增加右美沙芬的生物利用度，也是一种去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺再摄取抑制剂。AXS-05已获得FDA突破性疗法认定，用于治疗抑郁症和阿尔茨海默病的激越症状。目前它正在3期临床试验中接受评估。激越症状包含出现情绪压力、攻击性行为、暴躁易怒等情形，出现在至多70%的阿尔茨海默病患者当中，增加了患者的痛苦和医疗负担。激越症状和精神病发作在阿尔茨海默病患者中经常重叠，但不能相同对待。出现激越症状的患者更为广泛，随着疾病的进展，他们也可能出现精神病发作。Acadia Pharmaceuticals公司开发的ACP-204是一种新一代选择性血清素受体拮抗剂，倾向于和5-HT2A受体结合。该公司的Nuplazid（primavanserin）已经获得FDA的批准，用于治疗与帕金森病相关的幻觉和妄想。ACP-204与primavanserin相比，表现出更好的药代动力学特征，并且在1期临床试验中并未发现心脏QT波延长的副作用。该公司计划开展2/3期临床试验，进一步评估ACP-204治疗阿尔茨海默病相关精神病的效果。道阻且长，行则将至开发针对阿尔茨海默病相关的精神病发作面对着多重挑战，其中一个关键问题是，目前没有与这一障碍相关的明确靶点，缺乏好的动物模型也阻碍了基础研究。这些不确定性导致药物开发的主要方式是重新利用已知的抗精神病药物。不过在这些药物的临床开发方面也需要注意到阿尔茨海默病患者群体的特点，他们大多是老年患者，他们的代谢率不同，需要更严格控制的剂量，并且通常耐受性较低。尤其是老年患者更有可能同时服用其他药物，因此确保安全性至关重要。阿尔茨海默病患者的异质性强，在开发这些疗法时，临床试验应该招募尽可能同质的患者群体，这包括参与者的年龄、以及阿尔茨海默病或精神病的严重程度。不过行业人士表示，神经精神疾病领域正在得到重新关注。上面提到的Karuna和Cerevel均已被大型药企收购。百时美施贵宝斥资约140亿美元收购了Karuna，而艾伯维以87亿美元收购了Cerevel。相关阅读：阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病……研发格局一览期待在资本的助力和行业的不断创新之下，首款针对阿尔茨海默病相关精神病的药物早日获批上市，为患者造福。▲欲了解更多前沿技术在生物医药产业中的应用，请长按扫描上方二维码，即可访问“药明直播间”，观看相关话题的直播讨论与精彩回放参考资料：[1] Psychosis: The Other Big Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Target. Retrieved April 1, 2024, from https://www.biospace.com/article/alzheimer-s-related-psychosis-the-other-big-therapeutic-target-/[2] Ismail et al., (2022). Psychosis in Alzheimer disease — mechanisms, genetics and therapeutic opportunities. Nature Reviews Neurology, https://doi-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/10.1038/s41582-021-00597-3[3] AbbVie to Acquire Cerevel Therapeutics in Transformative Transaction to Strengthen Neuroscience Pipeline. Retrieved April 1, 2024, from https://investors.cerevel.com/news-releases/news-release-details/abbvie-acquire-cerevel-therapeutics-transformative-transaction[4] Bristol Myers Squibb Strengthens Neuroscience Portfolio with Acquisition of Karuna Therapeutics. Retrieved April 1, 2024, from https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20231222209512/en/Bristol-Myers-Squibb-Strengthens-Neuroscience-Portfolio-with-Acquisition-of-Karuna-Therapeutics[5] AXS-05. Retrieved April 1, 2024, from https://www.axsome.com/axs-portfolio/pipeline/about-axs-05免责声明：药明康德内容团队专注介绍全球生物医药健康研究进展。本文仅作信息交流之目的，文中观点不代表药明康德立场，亦不代表药明康德支持或反对文中观点。本文也不是治疗方案推荐。如需获得治疗方案指导，请前往正规医院就诊。版权说明：本文来自药明康德内容团队，欢迎个人转发至朋友圈，谢绝媒体或机构未经授权以任何形式转载至其他平台。转载授权请在「药明康德」微信公众号回复“转载”，获取转载须知。分享，点赞，在看，聚焦全球生物医药健康创新

Personify Health clients will now have integrated access to WeightWatchers for Business’s full-spectrum weight health platform NEW YORK and PROVIDENCE, R.I., May 01, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- WeightWatchers (NASDAQ: WW), (“WeightWatchers,” “WW,” or the “Company”) today announced that WeightWatchers for Business is partnering with Personify Health (formerly Virgin Pulse) to support employers looking to provide weight health care solutions for their populations. Now, organizations using the Personify Health personalized health platform will have integrated access to WeightWatchers for Business and its full-spectrum weight health platform, which is customizable to support benefit coverage decisions. The spectrum of care is flexible and can grow in intensity from behavioral to medical interventions and a combination thereof for users on the platform, providing individualized pathways according to true clinical need. “Obesity is a serious and costly, yet common issue. Employers are well-positioned to play an important role in helping their employees manage their weight and improve their overall health, but they can’t go it alone,” said Jeffrey Jacques, MD, chief medical officer at Personify Health. “WeightWatchers has evolved with the latest research and science, and we recognize their recent innovations to provide scalable and flexible health solutions that address key aspects of weight health. We’re proud to add WeightWatchers for Business to our partner ecosystem, providing an array of tools to help members achieve their desired personalized weight health and cardiometabolic goals.” Highlights of the full-spectrum WeightWatchers for Business platform that allows users to achieve their desired results include: WeightWatchers’ science-backed behavior-change programs for sustained outcomes, as well as weight health behavioral programs tailored to those living with diabetes and those on GLP-1 medications.Access to virtual clinic care and medication management for those eligible, including GLP-1s and other anti-obesity medications, when appropriate and based on employer coverage, under the guidance of board-certified clinicians as well as registered dietitians, fitness specialists, and care coordinators.Robust virtual and real-life communities and coaching support at scale.Integrated health insights for real-time data access and analysis. WeightWatchers for Business has been a B2B partner for more than 35 years, with experience spanning 500+ businesses across all industries. With its science-backed weight health care platform, WeightWatchers for Business supports all acuity levels, taking a weight health first approach and optimized for those members living with overweight, obesity, pre-diabetes, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Additionally, the platform combines the power of WeightWatchers’ behavior change program with WeightWatchers Clinic¹ to produce effective and sustainable results. Results include members seeing a 19.4% average weight loss at 12 months², 80% maintained weight loss when switching from GLP-1 to lower-cost medications³, and among members with high blood pressure at baseline, 85% of members achieved normal blood pressure at six months⁴. “We’re grateful for our partnership with Personify Health and proud to work alongside them as one of the most innovative leaders in the industry,” said Rémi Cossart, Head of WeightWatchers Clinic and WeightWatchers for Business. “We understand the importance of weight health care and the needs of organizations, and are excited to open up access to Personify Health’s network to help eliminate weight bias, maximize personalized health outcomes, and ensure quality care.” Personify Health’s comprehensive partner ecosystem helps organizations close gaps in care across 25+ health and wellbeing categories while addressing the most common and costly health concerns. Companies using the Personify platform can choose to have access to WeightWatchers for Business to support the weight health care needs of their employees, complementing the impactful guidance from 200 coaches and actionable weight management content Personify offers. About WW International, Inc.WeightWatchers is a human-centric technology company powered by our proven, science-based, clinically effective weight loss and weight management programs. For six decades, we have inspired millions of people to adopt healthy habits for real life. We combine technology and community to help members reach and sustain their goals on our programs. To learn more about the WeightWatchers approach to healthy living, please visit ww.com. For more information about our global business, visit our corporate website at corporate.ww.com. About Personify HealthVirgin Pulse and HealthComp have merged to become Personify Health, the company driven to engage and empower people to live healthier lives. By bringing industry-leading health plan administration, holistic wellbeing, and navigation solutions together, all in one place, we have created the industry’s first and only personalized health platform. With decades of experience and global operations, we empower diverse and unique businesses – and diverse and unique people – to engage more deeply in health at a lower cost. Through our proprietary combination of data-driven personalization, science-backed methodology, and concierge-level clinical expertise, our end-to-end platform makes it easier to proactively address people’s needs across their lives. With a personalized, holistic, and powerfully simple experience, we are redefining industry expectations and what it means to manage health. Learn more at www.personifyhealth.com. For more information, contact: Media Enquiries: media@ww.com Investors: Corey Kinger: corey.kinger@ww.com _______________________________________¹ WeightWatchers Clinic provides access to medical care through independent, affiliated medical practitioners.² Based on a sample of 6,089 WeightWatchers Clinic members with 12 months of data collected from 2022 – 2023. Manuscript under review.³ An observational study using member data conducted in 2024 among 207 WW Clinic members who switched from a second generation GLP-1 medication to bupropion, naltrexone, or metformin maintained their weight loss within 3 pounds or lost additional weight 13 weeks later.⁴ An observational study using member data conducted in 2024 among 943 WW Clinic members with blood pressure data at baseline and at 6 months and who had hypertension at baseline, 85% of those were normotensive at 6 months on WW Clinic.