2024年12月3日,和誉医药(港交所代码:02256)宣布,其自主研发的高选择性小分子PRMT5*MTA抑制剂ABSK131获美国FDA批准可开展其单药在晚期恶性肿瘤患者中的I期临床试验。
此次获批的研究是“一项评估ABSK131在晚期/转移性实体瘤患者中的安全性、耐受性、药代动力学和初步有效性的1期、首次人体、多中心、开放性研究”。研究人群主要为抑癌基因MTAP缺失的患者。
约15%的人类实体肿瘤缺乏抑癌基因MTAP的表达[1] 。MTAP缺失发生率较高的实体瘤包括非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)(15.7%)、胰腺癌(21.7%)、食管癌(28.4%)、间皮瘤(32.2%)、和胃肠道肿瘤(10.4%的胃癌和1%的结直肠癌)等[2] 。
MTAP参与编码多胺和嘌呤代谢中的关键限速酶,在嘌呤和甲硫氨酸合成补救途径中起重要作用[3] 。MTAP缺失会导致其底物甲硫代腺苷(MTA)积累,进而抑制蛋白精氨酸甲基转移酶5(PRMT5)的活性[4]。PRMT5作为一种酶,可催化两个甲基从S-腺苷蛋氨酸(SAM)对称转移到蛋白质上的精氨酸残基,影响着多种生理过程,包括转录、RNA剪接、核糖体生物合成和细胞周期调控[5-6] 。PRMT5在MTAP缺失肿瘤中表现出“合成致死”效应[7-9]。近期研究显示,选择性靶向抑制PRMT5*MTA有望成为MTAP缺失肿瘤的新型治疗策略。
关于ABSK131
ABSK131是上海和誉生物医药科技有限公司正在开发的一款新型小分子PRMT5-MTA协同抑制剂,具有强效的抗肿瘤活性。在临床前研究中,它对MTAP缺失的肿瘤细胞显示出极好的选择性。临床前研究显示, ABSK131口服给药具有良好的药物代谢和药代动力学特性。
Abbisko Therapeutics Announces U.S. FDA IND Clearance for ABSK131, a Novel PRMT5*MTA Inhibitor
December 3, 2024, Abbisko Therapeutics Co., Ltd. (HKEX: 02256) today announced that the US FDA has cleared the IND application for ABSK131, a highly-selective small molecule inhibitor of PRMT5*MTA. A phase 1 clinical study in patients with advanced solid tumors will be conducted under the title “A Phase 1, First-in-Human, Multicenter, Open-Label Study of ABSK131 to Assess Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Preliminary Efficacy in Patients with Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors”. The study population will primarily consist of patients with MTAP gene deficiency.
Approximately 15% of solid tumors lack expression of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), a tumor suppressor gene [1]. Solid tumors with high rates of MTAP deficiency include non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (15.7%), pancreatic cancer (21.7%), esophageal cancer (28.4%), mesothelioma (32.2%), and gastrointestinal cancer (10.4% of gastric and 1% of colorectal cancer)[2], of which mesotheliomas and pancreatic cancers have no approved targeted therapies.
MTAP encodes a key rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolism of polyamines and purines and plays a major role in the purine/methionine salvage pathway[3]. MTAP deficiency causes accumulation of its substrate methylthioadenosine (MTA) that inhibits protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) [4]. PRMT5 is an enzyme that catalyzes the symmetrical transfer of two methyl groups from S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) to arginine residues on proteins, influencing various physiological processes, including transcription, RNA splicing, ribosome biogenesis, and cell cycle regulation [5-6]. PRMT5 has been found to exhibit synthetic lethality in MTAP-deficient tumors [7-9]. Recent studies have demonstrated that selectively targeting PRMT5*MTA shows promise as a therapeutic strategy for MTAP-deficient cancers.
About ABSK131
ABSK131 is a novel, small molecule MTA-cooperative PRMT5 inhibitor with strong anti-tumor activity being developed by Abbisko Therapeutics. In preclinical studies, ABSK131 demonstrated excellent selectivity for MTAP-deleted cancer cells, as well as favorable drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties for oral dosing.
参考文献/References:
1. Kalev P, Hyer ML, Gross S, et al. MAT2A
Inhibition Blocks the Growth of MTAP-Deleted Cancer Cells by Reducing
PRMT5-Dependent mRNA Splicing and Inducing DNA Damage. Cancer Cell.
2021;39(2):209-224.e11. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2020.12.010
2. Bertino JR, Waud WR, Parker WB, Lubin M.
Targeting tumors that lack methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) activity:
current strategies. Cancer Biol Ther. 2011;11(7):627-632.
doi:10.4161/cbt.11.7.14948.
3. de Menezes WP, Silva VAO, Gomes INF, Rosa MN,
Spina MLC, Carloni AC, et al. Loss of 5′-methylthioadenosine
phosphorylase (MTAP) is frequent in high-grade gliomas; nevertheless, it is not
associated with higher tumor aggressiveness. Cells. 2020;9(2):492.
4. Bray C, Balcells C, McNeish IA, Keun HC. The
potential and challenges of targeting MTAP-negative cancers beyond synthetic
lethality. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1264785. Published 2023 Sep 19.
doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1264785.
5. Blanc RS, Richard S. Arginine Methylation: The
Coming of Age. Mol Cell. 2017;
65(1):8-24.
6. Kim H, Ronai ZA. PRMT5 function and targeting
in cancer. Cell Stress. 2020;4(8):
199-215.
7. Kryukov GV, Wilson FH, Ruth JR, Paulk J, Tsherniak A, Marlow SE, et al. MTAP deletion confers enhanced dependency on the PRMT5 arginine methyltransferase in cancer cells. Science. 2016;351(6278):1214-8.
8. Marjon K, Cameron MJ, Quang P, Clasquin MF, Mandley E, Kunii K, et al. MTAP Deletions in Cancer Create Vulnerability to Targeting of the MAT2A/PRMT5/RIOK1 Axis. Cell Rep. 2016;15(3):574-87.
9. Mavrakis KJ, McDonald ER, 3rd, Schlabach MR, Billy E, Hoffman GR, deWeck A, et al. Disordered methionine metabolism in MTAP/CDKN2A-deleted cancers leads to dependence on PRMT5. Science. 2016;351(6278):1208-13. .
关于和誉
和誉医药(香港联交所代码:02256)成立于2016年,是一家立足中国,着眼全球的创新药研发公司。公司的创始人和管理团队拥有多年顶尖跨国药企的研发和管理经验,并参与了多个临床及上市新药的研发。和誉医药专注于肿瘤新药研发,以小分子肿瘤精准治疗和小分子肿瘤免疫治疗药物为核心,着眼病患及医药市场的需求,秉承国际新药开发的理念和标准,致力于开发新颖及高潜力药物靶点的潜在first-in-class或best-in-class创新药物,用于改善中国及全球病人的生活质量。自成立以来,和誉医药已经建立了丰富的创新产品管线,涵盖肿瘤精准治疗领域以及肿瘤免疫治疗领域。
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