Background:Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are potent oncoproteins in cancer
that, when mutated or overexpressed, can cause uncontrolled growth of cells, angiogenesis, and
metastasis, making them significant targets for cancer treatment. Vascular endothelial growth
factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is produced in endothelial cells
and is the most crucial regulator of angiogenic factors involved in tumor angiogenesis. So, a
series of new substituted N-(4-((2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)oxy)phenyl)-N-phenyl cyclopropane-
1,1-dicarboxamide derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors have been designed and synthesized.Background:Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are potent oncoproteins in cancer
that, when mutated or overexpressed, can cause uncontrolled growth of cells, angiogenesis, and
metastasis, making them significant targets for cancer treatment. Vascular endothelial growth
factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is produced in endothelial cells
and is the most crucial regulator of angiogenic factors involved in tumor angiogenesis. So, a
series of new substituted N-(4-((2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)oxy)phenyl)-N-phenyl cyclopropane1,1-dicarboxamide derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors have been designed and synthesized.Methods:Utilizing H-NMR, C13-NMR, and mass spectroscopy, the proposed derivatives were
produced and assessed. HT-29 and COLO-205 cell lines were used for the cytotoxicity tests.
The effective compound was investigated further for the Vegfr-2 kinase inhibition assay, cell
cycle arrest, and apoptosis. A molecular docking examination was also carried out with the
Maestro-12.5v of Schrodinger.Results:In comparison to the reference drug Cabozantinib (IC50 = 9.10 and 10.66 μM), compound
SP2 revealed promising cytotoxic activity (IC50 = 4.07 and 4.98 μM) against HT-29 and
COLO-205, respectively. The synthesized compound SP2 showed VEGFR-2 kinase inhibition
activity with (IC50 = 6.82 μM) against the reference drug, Cabozantinib (IC50 = 0.045 μM).
Moreover, compound SP2 strongly induced apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle in the G1
phase. The new compounds' potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory effect was noted with key amino acids
Asp1044, and Glu883, and the hydrophobic interaction was also observed in the pocket of the
VEGFR-2 active site by using a docking study.Conclusion:The results demonstrate that at the cellular and enzyme levels, the synthetic compounds
SP2 are similarly effective as cabozantinib. The cell cycle and apoptosis data demonstrate
the effectiveness of the suggested compounds. Based on the findings of docking studies,
cytotoxic effects, in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, this research has
given us identical or more effective VEGFR-2 inhibitors.