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更新于：2025-05-07
IL15R x GPC3
更新于：2025-05-07
关联
2
项与 IL15R x GPC3 相关的药物作用机制 GPC3调节剂 [+1] |
非在研适应症- |
最高研发阶段临床1期 |
首次获批国家/地区- |
首次获批日期1800-01-20 |
作用机制 GPC3抑制剂 [+1] |
在研适应症 |
最高研发阶段临床前 |
首次获批国家/地区- |
首次获批日期1800-01-20 |
2
项与 IL15R x GPC3 相关的临床试验NCT04377932
Interleukin-15 Armored Glypican-3-specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Expressing Autologous T Cells as Immunotherapy for Children With Solid Tumors
Patients may be considered if the cancer has come back, has not gone away after standard treatment or the patient cannot receive standard treatment. This research study uses special immune system cells called AGAR T cells, a new experimental treatment.
The body has different ways of fighting infection and disease. No single way seems perfect for fighting cancers. This research study combines two different ways of fighting cancer: antibodies and T cells. Antibodies are types of proteins that protect the body from infectious diseases and possibly cancer. T cells, also called T lymphocytes, are special infection-fighting blood cells that can kill other cells, including cells infected with viruses and tumor cells. Both antibodies and T cells have been used to treat patients with cancers. They have shown promise, but have not been strong enough to cure most patients.
Investigators have found from previous research that they can put a new gene (a tiny part of what makes-up DNA and carries your traits) into T cells that will make them recognize cancer cells and kill them. In the lab, investigators made several genes called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), from an antibody called GPC3. The antibody GPC3 recognizes a protein found solid tumors including pediatric liver cancers. This CAR is called GPC3-CAR. To make this CAR more effective, investigators also added a gene that includes IL15. IL15 is a protein that helps CAR T cells grow better and stay in the blood longer so that they may kill tumors better. The mixture of GPC3-CAR and IL15 killed tumor cells better in the laboratory when compared with CAR T cells that did not have IL15 .This study will test T cells that investigators made (called genetic engineering) with GPC3-CAR and the IL15 (AGAR T cells) in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors such as yours.
T cells made to carry a gene called iCasp9 can be killed when they encounter a specific drug called Rimiducid. The investigators will insert the iCasp9 and IL15 together into the T cells using a virus that has been made for this study. The drug (Rimiducid) is an experimental drug that has been tested in humans with no bad side-effects. The investigators will use this drug to kill the T cells if necessary due to side effects.
This study will test T cells genetically engineered with a GPC3-CAR and IL15 (AGAR T cells) in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
The AGAR T cells are an investigational product not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
The purpose of this study is to find the biggest dose of AGAR T cells that is safe, to see how long they last in the body, to learn what the side effects are and to see if the AGAR T cells will help people with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
The body has different ways of fighting infection and disease. No single way seems perfect for fighting cancers. This research study combines two different ways of fighting cancer: antibodies and T cells. Antibodies are types of proteins that protect the body from infectious diseases and possibly cancer. T cells, also called T lymphocytes, are special infection-fighting blood cells that can kill other cells, including cells infected with viruses and tumor cells. Both antibodies and T cells have been used to treat patients with cancers. They have shown promise, but have not been strong enough to cure most patients.
Investigators have found from previous research that they can put a new gene (a tiny part of what makes-up DNA and carries your traits) into T cells that will make them recognize cancer cells and kill them. In the lab, investigators made several genes called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), from an antibody called GPC3. The antibody GPC3 recognizes a protein found solid tumors including pediatric liver cancers. This CAR is called GPC3-CAR. To make this CAR more effective, investigators also added a gene that includes IL15. IL15 is a protein that helps CAR T cells grow better and stay in the blood longer so that they may kill tumors better. The mixture of GPC3-CAR and IL15 killed tumor cells better in the laboratory when compared with CAR T cells that did not have IL15 .This study will test T cells that investigators made (called genetic engineering) with GPC3-CAR and the IL15 (AGAR T cells) in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors such as yours.
T cells made to carry a gene called iCasp9 can be killed when they encounter a specific drug called Rimiducid. The investigators will insert the iCasp9 and IL15 together into the T cells using a virus that has been made for this study. The drug (Rimiducid) is an experimental drug that has been tested in humans with no bad side-effects. The investigators will use this drug to kill the T cells if necessary due to side effects.
This study will test T cells genetically engineered with a GPC3-CAR and IL15 (AGAR T cells) in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
The AGAR T cells are an investigational product not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
The purpose of this study is to find the biggest dose of AGAR T cells that is safe, to see how long they last in the body, to learn what the side effects are and to see if the AGAR T cells will help people with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
开始日期2021-12-08 |
申办/合作机构 |
NCT05103631
Interleukin-15 Armored Glypican-3-specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Expressing Autologous T Cells As Immunotherapy for Patients with SOLID TUMORS (CATCH)
Patients may be considered if the cancer has come back, has not gone away after standard treatment or the patient cannot receive standard treatment. This research study uses special immune system cells called CATCH T cells, a new experimental treatment.
The body has different ways of fighting infection and disease. No single way seems perfect for fighting cancers. This research study combines two different ways of fighting cancer: antibodies and T cells. Antibodies are types of proteins that protect the body from infectious diseases and possibly cancer. T cells, also called T lymphocytes, are special infection-fighting blood cells that can kill other cells, including cells infected with viruses and tumor cells. Both antibodies and T cells have been used to treat patients with cancers. They have shown promise, but have not been strong enough to cure most patients.
Investigators have found from previous research that we can put a new gene (a tiny part of what makes-up DNA and carriesa person's traits) into T cells that will make them recognize cancer cells and kill them . In the lab, we made several genes called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), from an antibody called GC33. The antibody GC33 recognizes a protein called GPC3 that is found on the hepatocellular carcinoma the patient has. The specific CAR we are making is called GPC3-CAR. To make this CAR more effective, we also added a gene encoding protein called IL15. This protein helps CAR T cells grow better and stay in the blood longer so that they may kill tumors better. The mixture of GPC3-CAR and IL15 killed tumor cells better in the laboratory when compared with CAR T cells that did not have IL 15. This study will test T cells that we have made with CATCH T cells in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors such as the ones participating in this study.
T cells made to carry a gene called iCasp9 can be killed when they encounter a specific drug called AP1903. The investigators will insert the iCasp9 and IL15 together into the T cells using a virus that has been made for this study. The drug (AP1903) is an experimental drug that has been tested in humans with no bad side-effects. The investigators will use this drug to kill the T cells if necessary due to side effects.
This study will test T cells genetically engineered with a GPC3-CAR and IL15 (CATCH T cells) in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
The CATCH T cells are an investigational product not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
The purpose of this study is to find the biggest dose of CATCH T cells that is safe , to see how long they last in the body, to learn what the side effects are and to see if the CATCH T cells will help people with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
The body has different ways of fighting infection and disease. No single way seems perfect for fighting cancers. This research study combines two different ways of fighting cancer: antibodies and T cells. Antibodies are types of proteins that protect the body from infectious diseases and possibly cancer. T cells, also called T lymphocytes, are special infection-fighting blood cells that can kill other cells, including cells infected with viruses and tumor cells. Both antibodies and T cells have been used to treat patients with cancers. They have shown promise, but have not been strong enough to cure most patients.
Investigators have found from previous research that we can put a new gene (a tiny part of what makes-up DNA and carriesa person's traits) into T cells that will make them recognize cancer cells and kill them . In the lab, we made several genes called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), from an antibody called GC33. The antibody GC33 recognizes a protein called GPC3 that is found on the hepatocellular carcinoma the patient has. The specific CAR we are making is called GPC3-CAR. To make this CAR more effective, we also added a gene encoding protein called IL15. This protein helps CAR T cells grow better and stay in the blood longer so that they may kill tumors better. The mixture of GPC3-CAR and IL15 killed tumor cells better in the laboratory when compared with CAR T cells that did not have IL 15. This study will test T cells that we have made with CATCH T cells in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors such as the ones participating in this study.
T cells made to carry a gene called iCasp9 can be killed when they encounter a specific drug called AP1903. The investigators will insert the iCasp9 and IL15 together into the T cells using a virus that has been made for this study. The drug (AP1903) is an experimental drug that has been tested in humans with no bad side-effects. The investigators will use this drug to kill the T cells if necessary due to side effects.
This study will test T cells genetically engineered with a GPC3-CAR and IL15 (CATCH T cells) in patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
The CATCH T cells are an investigational product not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
The purpose of this study is to find the biggest dose of CATCH T cells that is safe , to see how long they last in the body, to learn what the side effects are and to see if the CATCH T cells will help people with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
开始日期2021-06-17 |
申办/合作机构 |
100 项与 IL15R x GPC3 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 IL15R x GPC3 相关的转化医学
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0 项与 IL15R x GPC3 相关的专利（医药）
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2
项与 IL15R x GPC3 相关的新闻（医药）2025-02-04
·药时代
正文共： 4763字 19图
预计阅读时间： 10分钟
大药企的管线及其调整是备受关注的焦点，药时代持续跟踪报道，其中包括罗氏的管线。罗氏在研产品众多，其中关注度非常高的一款产品就是TIGIT单抗RG6058（tiragolumab）。它是全球范围内推进最快的TIGIT抑制剂，被“全村”寄予了厚望。可惜进展和预期有很大的距离，也正因为如此，这款“开路先锋”得到格外大的关注。
近日，两篇文章吸引了我们的注意力。一篇的题目是“罗氏：砍掉十条管线”，发布于2025年2月2日，阅读量已经1.4万。第二篇的题目是“罗氏：彻底放弃TIGIT”，发布于1月31日，目前阅读量接近6000。
这两篇文章的题目让我们心里立即咯噔了一下，因为就在2024年12月11日，我们报道了罗氏2024年第三季度停止了4项乙肝在研产品，分别为RG6449、RG7854、RG6346及RG6084。这些项目分别处于I期/II期临床阶段，并在早前有部分临床试验数据公布。据罗氏官网披露信息显示，这四个产品很可能是罗氏已披露的乙肝管线的全部。
【相关报道】罗氏停止多项乙肝新药管线！
我们的反应就是：“怎么？罗氏又砍产品了？TIGIT彻底完了？”
情况真的是这样的吗？
我们立即查看了长达76页的罗氏2024年全年财报PPT，希望从中找到答案。
在第69页，罗氏披露了在2024年第四季度公司再次调整其管线，有增有减。
临床1期增加了5个NME产品，分别为：RGXXXX*（P-MUC1C-ALLO1，实体瘤）、RG6810（DLL3 ADC，小细胞肺癌）、RG6620（KRAS G12D抑制剂，实体瘤）、RG6561（新分子实体，实体瘤）、CHU BRY10（慢性病）。
2024年11月26日，罗氏公司官宣15亿美元收购Poseida Therapeutics，该收购已经于2025年1月8日正式完成。此次收购将为罗氏带来Poseida的创新管线，P-MUC1C-ALLO1便是其中的一款产品。作为一种全同种异体CAR-T细胞疗法，P-MUC1C-ALLO1专门针对MUC1-C表位，这种表位在多种上皮来源的实体肿瘤中广泛表达。P-MUC1C-ALLO1在临床前研究中显示出对MUC1-C阳性肿瘤细胞的强大细胞毒性，同时对正常MUC1-C阳性的人类原代细胞的杀伤作用最小。
靶向DLL3的ADC产品RG6810则是从中国信达生物引进的。
CHU BRY10是一款基于罗氏旗下中外制药公司开发的循环抗体®技术开发的抗体药物。
管线瘦身方面，罗氏终止了一些产品的临床开发，原因包括：（1）未达公司内部研发标准：10个NME因未满足内部研发标准而被淘汰；（2）公司战略聚焦调整：部分管线因资源重新分配至高潜力项目（如CAR-T、ADC）而退出。
5个新分子实体（NMEs）被停止临床1期开发，它们是：（1）RG7827（FAP/4-1BB双抗，针对实体瘤）、（2）RG6194（Runimotamab，HER2/CD3双抗，针对乳腺癌）、（3）RG6323（efbalropendekin alfa，IL15/IL15Ra-Fc双特异性融合蛋白，针对血液瘤和实体瘤）、（4）GPC3/CD3双抗（来自中外制药，针对实体瘤，尤其是肝细胞癌）、（5）SPYK04（口服小分子药物，由中外制药研发，针对实体瘤）。
这基本上意味着这5个NME的命运就此结束，除非后期有机会被“复活”。
此外，备受关注的TIGIT单抗RG6058（tiragolumab）针对不同适应症的5个临床试验被终止，其中包括1个一期、2个二期、2个三期。
所以，严格地讲，“罗氏砍掉十条管线”好像不是很准确。
那么，罗氏彻底放弃TIGIT了吗？
经历了2024年Q4调整后的罗氏管线如下：
可以很清晰地看到，RG6058的三个三期临床试验还在其中，分别为：（1）联合Tecentriq用于治疗局部晚期食管癌；（2）联合Tecentriq用于一线治疗不可切除的III期非小细胞肺癌；（3）联合Tecentriq和Avastin用于一线治疗肝细胞癌。
相应地，罗氏NDA/BLA递交计划这一页中依旧包括RG6058，其中，联合Tecentriq用于一线治疗不可切除的III期非小细胞肺癌的BLA计划2025年递交，另外两个都是2026年递交。
基于以上信息和分析，我们认为罗氏还没有彻底放弃TIGIT。
我们将继续密切关注还在管线中的三个三期临床试验，及时报道。
专利悬崖则是备受关注的第二个焦点。2024年，罗氏受到专利到期（LOE）的影响，因Avastin、Herceptin等重磅药物专利到期损失10亿瑞士法郎，2025年预计进一步影响12亿瑞士法郎。
罗氏通过精简管线集中资源于肿瘤（如Divarasib）、神经（如Trontinemab）及代谢（CT-388）等领域，与此同时，通过licensing引进有价值有协同潜力的创新药产品，进行“腾笼换鸟”、升级迭代，期间蕴藏着很多BD机会。
中国企业可关注其开放合作机会（如ADC、双抗），争取达成更多的合作，实现更多的出海。
时间、水平有限，今天的分析就到这里。欢迎批评指正！
也欢迎感兴趣的朋友们继续阅读下面更多的财报分析内容。如果您希望保存一份76页PPT自己认真学习，请在本文的评论区留下您的工作邮箱地址，我们上班后统一密送。谢谢！~
一、核心财务表现：超预期增长，现金流强劲
收入与利润
集团销售额：2024年实现销售额605亿瑞士法郎（+7%，恒定汇率CER），超出中单位数增长指引，基础业务（排除新冠产品及专利到期影响）增长达9%。
分部表现：制药业务销售额462亿瑞郎（+8% CER），诊断业务143亿瑞郎（+4% CER；排除新冠产品后+8%）。
盈利能力：核心营业利润（Core OP）增长14%，利润率提升2.1个百分点至34.4%；核心每股收益（Core EPS）增长12%（排除税务争议后）。
现金流：运营自由现金流（OFCF）同比增长34%至212亿瑞郎，体现强劲的运营效率。
关键驱动与挑战
新冠产品收入下滑：新冠相关诊断及治疗药物销售额减少11亿瑞郎，符合预期。
专利到期（LOE）影响：因Avastin、Herceptin等重磅药物专利到期损失10亿瑞郎，2025年预计进一步影响12亿瑞郎。
汇率波动：美元/欧元兑瑞郎贬值拖累销售额增长约4个百分点，但2025年预计汇率影响趋缓。二、制药业务：创新产品驱动增长，管线布局前瞻
核心产品表现
肿瘤/血液病领域：Polivy（DLBCL）销售额增长39%，患者份额达29%；Hemlibra（血友病）患者份额42%，增长稳健。
神经科学：Ocrevus（多发性硬化症）销售额67亿瑞郎（+9%），新剂型（皮下注射）快速渗透市场；Evrysdi（脊髓性肌萎缩症）增长18%。
免疫与眼科：Xolair（过敏）因食物过敏适应症获批推动增长16%；Vabysmo（眼底病）销售额增长68%，预充注射器在美转化率超85%。
新兴产品与管线亮点
肿瘤：Giredestrant（ER+/HER2-乳腺癌）、Divarasib（KRAS突变实体瘤）III期数据读出。
神经退行性疾病：Trontinemab（阿尔茨海默病）与Prasinezumab（帕金森病）临床进展。
代谢与免疫：CT-388（GLP-1/GIP双激动剂）肥胖适应症进入II期，抗TL1A单抗拓展至克罗恩病与纤维化疾病。
2024年上市产品：Itovebi（PI3Kα突变乳腺癌）与PlaSky（阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症）表现初显，后者获美欧批准。
2025年关键里程碑：
战略合作与技术突破
CAR-T疗法：与Poseida合作开发通用型CAR-T，覆盖肿瘤、自身免疫及神经系统疾病，首款产品P-BCMA-ALLO1获FDA孤儿药认定。
ADC布局：通过信达生物合作引入DLL3 ADC（小细胞肺癌），强化实体瘤管线。三、诊断业务：基础业务韧性凸显，数字化与近患者护理发力
区域与细分市场
核心实验室（Core Lab）：免疫诊断（+9%）与临床化学（+8%）推动增长，占诊断收入的56%。
分子诊断：血筛业务增长17%，新冠检测收入下滑但基础病毒检测增长10%。
新兴市场：拉美增长22%，亚太受新冠检测退潮拖累（-5%）。
创新产品与平台
近患者护理（PoC）：Accu-Chek® SmartGuide CGM（连续血糖监测）获CE认证，cobas® Liat系统扩展呼吸道与性传播感染检测菜单。
数字化病理：DP600扫描仪获美FDA初步诊断许可，推动病理实验室收入增长17%。
质谱技术：cobas® i601系统上市，瞄准30亿瑞郎的LDT市场，目标2030年收入突破10亿瑞郎。四、战略与风险：聚焦长期增长，挑战犹存
核心战略方向
研发聚焦：2025年计划12项III期临床数据读出，4款新分子实体（NME）提交上市申请，包括抗纤维化药物astegolimab（COPD）及眼科药物vamikibart（糖尿病黄斑水肿）。
数字化转型：navify®数字病理与分析平台升级，提升实验室效率；AI算法（如胸痛分诊、肾病风险评估）加速落地。
可持续发展：推进绿色制造与供应链减碳，目标2030年实现运营碳中和。
潜在风险与挑战
专利悬崖：2025年LOE影响扩大，需依赖新产品填补收入缺口。
竞争加剧：肿瘤领域面临PD-(L)1抑制剂生物类似药冲击，眼科市场需应对Vabysmo与Eylea的份额争夺。
政策压力：全球药价管控趋严，美国《通胀削减法案》或影响高价药市场准入。五、中国视角：合作深化，市场潜力待释放
本地化进展
产品引入：Valpysmo（眼底病）、Lunsumio（淋巴瘤）等新药在华申报提速，2025年计划提交Elevidys（杜氏肌营养不良）上市申请。
研发合作：与再鼎医药、信达生物等本土企业合作开发ADC与双抗，加速管线本土化。
投资启示
关注创新药企：罗氏在肿瘤、神经科学领域的开放合作模式（如CAR-T、ADC）为国内Biotech提供商业化契机。
警惕政策风险：带量采购与医保谈判压力下，需评估罗氏高价创新药在中国市场的支付能力与准入策略。六、总结与展望
罗氏2024年交出了一份“稳健增长与创新突破并存”的答卷，核心业务增长抵消了新冠退潮与专利到期的影响，现金流与股息连续38年增长彰显财务韧性。2025年，随着Giredestrant、Divarasib等重磅管线数据读出，以及数字化与近患者护理的深化，罗氏有望进一步巩固全球药企龙头地位。对中国市场而言，加速创新药引入、深化本土合作将是其增长关键，但需警惕政策与竞争的双重挑战。
参考资料：
罗氏2024年财报
罗氏官网
药时代已发表文章
其它公开资料
封面图来源：网络
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细胞疗法免疫疗法抗体药物偶联物财报并购
2024-03-30
外源性细胞因子工程化被认为是增强抗肿瘤T细胞免疫的解决方案之一。常见细胞因子对CAR-T细胞的作用包括：细胞因子对CAR-T细胞特性的影响IL-2增强增殖和效应能力IL-7延长潜在寿命，提高效应功能的持久性IL-9维持T细胞干性，增强效应功能IL-15延长细胞寿命IL-8增强T细胞向肿瘤迁移的能力IL-10通过代谢重编程恢复耗竭T细胞功能IL-12直接上调细胞毒性，调节免疫抑制TMEIL-18增强效应功能，重塑TMEIL-23提高效应功能，减少耗竭表型IL-33调节TMEIL-36γ增强细胞毒性，调节TMEIL-37恢复耗竭T细胞功能在实际开发应用中，把握共表达细胞因子的安全性和有效性依然是一个挑战。近期还是有一些相关研究团队继续关注着细胞因子CAR结构的开发。IL-4IL-4是肿瘤细胞在TME中释放的细胞因子，可以通过与T细胞表面的IL-4受体结合来对抗T细胞效应功能。通过转化细胞因子受体CAR(ICR)是抑制这种免疫抑制作用的常见方法，IL-7和IL-21通常是对应转化细胞因子的选择。华师大的研究团队近期则设计了一款4/15NKG2D-CAR，由基于NKG2D的嵌合抗原受体组成，IL-4R作为细胞外结构域共表达，IL-15R作为跨膜和细胞内结构域共表达，从而将IL-4R抑制信号转化为下游的IL-15R激活信号。(doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115740.)4/15NKG2D-CAR-T在小鼠模型中表现出提高细胞毒性、增殖水平、存活率、未分化表型比例等抗肿瘤作用。IL-7(doi:10.1007/s10565-023-09821-w)研究人员设计了一款GPC3-7-19-CAR-T细胞用于治疗HCCs。杀伤效率是单纯GPC3-CAR-T细胞的1.5-2倍。在小鼠实验中表现出提高浸润CD4+ T细胞亚群比例、募集更成熟的DCs、减少PMN-MDSC和Treg细胞浸润，从而诱导TME重塑。该CAR-T在1例GPC3+ 晚期HCC患者身上展开了临床试验。结果显示，CAR-T治疗后，淋巴结节明显缩小，CT扫描显示CAR-T注射后56天患者纵隔淋巴囊萎缩，CD8+ T细胞的比例(67.9%)远高于基线(16.6%)。采用的患者来源CAR-T细胞阳性率为69%。IL-10IL-10在肿瘤发展和发病机制中的作用似乎是自相矛盾的。IL-10本身具有强大的抗肿瘤作用，通过免疫依赖性机制抑制转移，包括抑制浸润性巨噬细胞和血管生成因子以及激活CD8 + T细胞CTL。但同时，研究也报道了TAM产生的IL-10可以通过抑制APC的功能并随后阻断T细胞效应功能，来减弱抗肿瘤反应。矛盾的IL-10(doi:10.1038/s41587-023-02060-8)2024年1月浙江大学/唐力教授团队合作研究开发了一款表达IL-10的CAR-T，在小鼠实验中表现出能够维持线粒体健康、促进OXPHOS代谢等代谢重编程功能，实现肿瘤的消除。据称该CAR-T已经展开IIT临床试验，至少已有11名复发难治性淋巴瘤或复发难治性急性白血病患者达到完全缓解，CR接近100%。重新认识IL-10：提升CAR-T的CR至100%IL-13Rα2IL-13Rα2则和其他细胞因子的使用不同，其主要是因为在肿瘤上特异性表达而被当做靶点。1.(doi:10.1038/s41591-024-02893-z)近期野马生物/希望之城公布了其IL13Rα2靶向CAR-T MB-101的1期临床数据。所有患者的中位总生存期（中位OS）为8个月，高于复发胶质母细胞瘤的6个月预期生存期，而五项细分亚组中，最大剂量第五组OS达10.2个月。(只剩6个月时，他敲响了CAR-T的门)2.(doi:10.1038/s41591-024-02893-z)同期，吉利德/宾法大学也公布了其靶向EGFR和IL13Rα2的鞘内二价CAR T细胞同样治疗复发性胶质母细胞瘤的1期试验中期结果。该CAR-T会在过表达(EGFR扩增)和/或EGFR胞外结构域突变而发生EGFR 激活失调时激活。接受治疗的6名患者的中位随访时间为2.5个月，所有 6 名患者都观察到增强肿瘤大小的减小，部分肿瘤消退维持在第 +28 天及以后。然而，没有一个达到RANO标准的客观反应标准。IL-15(doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1165404)2023年信达生物与苏州大学合作设计的一款H9 CAR-IL15 T细胞，旨在解决其Claudin18.2 CAR-T疗法的长期持久性问题。小鼠 IL-15 修饰赋予肿瘤脉管系统靶向 CAR-T 细胞增强的效应器功能、植入和重编程TME能力，从而在免疫功能正常的小鼠中更好地控制肿瘤。其结果显示，在体外实验中，mIL-15对CAR-T细胞杀伤活性的明显影响仅保持较短时间，在超过三轮刺激后消失，可能和IL-15浓度不足相关。尽管IL-15在体外试验中对CAR-T细胞的总体影响通常不显著，但其在体内的作用是显著的。即使没有淋巴细胞清除预处理，H9 CAR-IL15 T细胞仍然产生明显的肿瘤抑制作用，而未修饰的CAR-T细胞几乎没有效果，从而有机会降低淋巴细胞清除方案造成的毒性作用。IL-24(doi:10.1038/s41416-024-02601-1)IL-24主要是通过靶向肿瘤细胞的干性来影响免疫细胞的疗效，可以通过多种途径特异性诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，包括DNA损伤、SARI诱导、AIF、ATM和beclin-1轴。同时IL-24还可促进T细胞活化、中枢记忆分化和增殖，但不影响其凋亡。郑州大学研究人员通过构建IL-24 CAR-T细胞，旨在通过IL-24影响抗原丢失的肿瘤细胞对CAR-T的耐药性。体内模型显示，分泌IL-24的CAR-T细胞能更好地控制晚期肿瘤和复发。小结目前很多细胞因子CAR-T都能在安全性方面有较好表现，但实际有效性还是参差不齐的。其他参考文献：Shi H,et al.(2023) IL-15 armoring enhances the antitumor efficacy of claudin 18.2-targeting CAR-T cells in syngeneic mouse tumor models. Front. Immunol. 14:1165404. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1165404
细胞疗法免疫疗法临床研究临床结果
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