Aim: This study was intended to evaluate transcriptional regulation of gene expression signatures in combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS). Materials & methods: The blood samples of three patients with CARAS, three patients with allergic rhinitis and three normal controls were obtained. The cuffdiff, miRDeep2 and DEGseq were used to quantify the expression of genes and miRNAs, respectively. And p-value < 0.01 and false discovery rate < 0.001 were considered as significant differences of genes and miRNAs, respectively. Gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were used to analyze the biological function. And the cut-off value for significance was p < 0.05. Results: SLC14A1, SNCA, TNS1, KAT2B and PARP1 were regulated by hsa-miR-93–5p, hsa-miR-92a-3p and hsa-miR-21–5p. Additionally, phagosome (p = 0.00627769839083361) was the only significantly enriched signal pathway involving HLA-DOA, TUBB2A and MRC2. Conclusion: Disordered expression of genes under the regulation of miRNAs may play an important role in CARAS.
