Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille

Introduction Thanks to medical advances in neonatal care, the majority of children admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) survive and enjoy a good quality of life. At the same time, medical practices and philosophy of neonatal care have changed and families are playing an increasingly important role in their child's care. However, stress and anxiety generated by hospitalization and complex technologies of neonatal intensive care units may be an obstacle to integrate parents and help them take ownership of their role. A number of measures have been established to improve the experience of parents in neonatology, such as multidisciplinary care, involving psychologists, social workers, spiritual care workers, psychomotor therapists and physiotherapists.
Among these interventions, the introduction of resource parents (RPs), parents who have previously been involved in neonatology, is a new initiative that is growing rapidly in North America. These RPs bring a unique perspective based on their experiential knowledge. This partnership model is still underdeveloped in France, and its impact on parents' quality of life and early interactions with their children has been little studied or described.
Method Our aim is therefore to develop a PR intervention in neonatology units and measure its impact in the short and medium term, with a prospective multicenter step wedge study.
The chosen intervention will be co-constructed with PRs. It will take the form of testimonial videos focusing on one of the key moments in the care of newborn babies: the transition from different neonatology units. These videos will then be viewed by parents of hospitalized newborn in the units at the time of their transition. A survey assessing the parents' Self Perceived Efficacity in taking care of their child will be administered when the child transitions to the neonatal unit and then again when the child is discharged from the hospital. At the one-year old visit, the families' quality of life will be assessed using another standardized survey: the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTM2.0) - Family Impact Module.
Perspective Our hypothesis is that a PR intervention at a key point in the newborn's care pathway can help parenthood and have a positive impact on early interactions and quality of life at 1 year.

There are many indications for performing a fecal diversion stoma. In both scheduled and emergency situations, and whatever the context (indication or type of fecal diversion stoma), stomal complications can occur early (10-60%) or late (25%), and may require repeat surgery. The most frequent complications are necrosis, retraction, bleeding, evisceration, occlusion, abscess, hyperflow with hydroelectrolytic consequences, skin lesions, prolapse or eventration. What's more, a temporary stoma can become permanent.
The positioning and fabrication of the digestive stoma for fecal diversion must therefore comply with well-defined criteria to reduce the risk of stomal complications and the difficulties of fitting the stoma, and thus improve the autonomy and therefore the quality of life of the ostomate patient. The guide to good stoma therapy practice recommends that the site of the future stoma should be marked out preoperatively. What's more, the psychological impact of a stoma is such that preoperative and regular postoperative education is essential. This identification and initiation of education is carried out by stoma nurses and/or surgeons.
The impact of preoperative stoma identification and education on stoma complications, quality of life and patient autonomy has been reported in a few comparative series. The impact of preoperative education on quality of life has also been reported.
However, despite this "Evidence Based Medicine", and the guide to good stoma therapy practice, the identification and education of the future fecal diversion stoma are not always carried out preoperatively. Reasons for this may include lack of time, lack of human resources, in the general context of a shrinking public hospital, or in the current context of distancing and dehumanization of the profession, or lack of conviction on the part of practitioners.
To this end, the investigators would like to propose a prospective observational study aimed at evaluating the impact of identification and education prior to the performance of a fecal diversion stoma in a programmed situation on the one hand, and an emergency situation on the other.
The main objective will be to compare quality of life specifically related to the stoma at 30 days postoperatively with the StomaQOL score, between 2 groups of patients:
* unexposed group: no preoperative stoma identification and education
* exposed group: preoperative stoma identification and education. This comparison will be stratified according to whether surgery is scheduled or emergency surgery.
Total 100 patients :
* In scheduled surgery: 30 exposed and 30 unexposed patients
* In emergency surgery: 10 exposed and 30 unexposed patients
Timeline:
Inclusion period: 12 months Follow-up period: 12 months Total duration: 24 months

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder belonging to the eating disorders (EDs). It is internationally recognized as a priority for improving health care. Among the markers of severity of undernutrition is hepatic cytolysis. Around 30-50% of patients with AN present with hepatic cytolysis, of variable intensity, and usually associated with severe undernutrition. In a previous study, we demonstrated the presence of autoantibodies against HIF1alpha (Hypoxic inducible Factor 1 alpha) in 22% of cases in a sample of patients with AN. HIF1alpha (HIF1a) is a major transcription factor involved in the regulation of satiety and hunger. These autoantibodies were positive in 80% of AN patients with hepatic cytolysis. Taken together, these data led us to hypothesize an anti-HIF1a autoimmune mechanism in AN, potentially involved in the patients' hepatic cytolysis.
This pioneering study, demonstrating the existence of anti-HIF1a autoantibodies, was carried out on a population of 18 patients with AN. To extend investigator's hypothesis, these results need to be confirmed on a larger number of patients, thus increasing the number of patients with AN and hepatic cytolysis. To determine the relevance of these autoantibodies in AN, "healthy" subjects and patients without AN but with hepatic cytolysis should be tested in parallel. Finally, the in vitro pathogenic potential of autoantibodies can be confirmed on a larger scale and studied in greater detail.
The main aim of our study is to evaluate the association between the presence of anti-HIF1a autoantibodies (AAHIF) and that of hepatic cytolysis in patients with anorexia nervosa and undernutrition.
This study is a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter, 2-arm study.
250 patients will be included. Experimental group (n=100)
* Patients with anorexia nervosa and undernutrition with hepatic cytolysis (CH) (n=70)
* Patients with anorexia nervosa and undernutrition without hepatic cytolysis (n=30) Comparator control groups (n=150)
* Control patients under 18 years of age, treated at the CHU de la Timone for scheduled non-inflammatory surgery (orthopedic, ENT, etc.) (n=50): Minor patients
* Patients (children and adults) with hepatic cytolysis without anorexia nervosa (n=50): Patients without AN with CH
* Samples from French blood donation establishment: control group consisting of biological blood samples from healthy individuals from the Etablissement Français du Sang (n=50)