VRK1

Achieved $20.1 million in OJEMDATM (tovorafenib) net product revenue Ended the third quarter with $558.4 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments Company to host conference call and webcast today, October 30, 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time BRISBANE, Calif., Oct. 30, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Day One Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: DAWN) (“Day One” or the “Company”), a biopharmaceutical company dedicated to developing and commercializing targeted therapies for people of all ages with life-threatening diseases, today announced its third quarter 2024 financial results and highlighted recent corporate achievements. “Our third quarter results demonstrate continued patient demand for OJEMDA, driven by the need for new therapies for children living with pediatric low-grade glioma,” said Jeremy Bender, Ph.D., chief executive officer of Day One. “Looking ahead to 2025, we plan to continue to drive growth by advancing our programs and pipeline, including DAY301, a potential first-in-class ADC targeting PTK7 that we expect to be in the clinic in the coming months.” Program Highlights Strong growth in OJEMDA net revenue with $20.1M in the third quarter of 2024, representing a 145% increase over the second quarter of 2024.Quarterly prescriptions (TRx) grew to 619 in the third quarter of 2024, representing a 159% increase over the second quarter of 2024.Day One expects to dose the first patient in the Phase 1a portion of the Phase 1a/b clinical trial of DAY301 by the end of 2024 or in the first quarter of 2025.Day One provided updated duration of response data from the registrational Phase 2 FIREFLY-1 trial investigating tovorafenib in patients with BRAF-altered, relapsed or progressive pLGG. For the 77 patients enrolled on Arm 1, which was the dataset used to assess OJEMDA’s efficacy, the median duration of response is 18 months.The pivotal Phase 3 FIREFLY-2/LOGGIC clinical trial evaluating tovorafenib as a front-line therapy in patients aged 6 months to 25 years with pLGG continues to enroll patients in the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia and Asia, with more than 100 sites activated. Corporate Highlights and Upcoming Milestones Day One and Ipsen entered into an exclusive licensing agreement to commercialize tovorafenib outside of the U.S. in July 2024. Under the agreement, Day One received approximately $111 million upfront in cash and equity investment at a premium with up to approximately $350 million in additional launch and sales milestone payments as well as tiered double-digit royalties starting at mid-teens percentage on net sales.Day One entered into a definitive agreement for an oversubscribed private placement of its securities for total gross proceeds of approximately $175 million in July 2024. Third Quarter 2024 Financial Highlights Product Revenue, Net: OJEMDA net product revenues were $20.1 million for the third quarter of 2024, the first full quarter of the U.S. launch.License Revenue: License revenue from the sale of ex-U.S. commercial rights for tovorafenib was $73.7 million for the third quarter of 2024.R&D Expenses: Research and development expenses were $33.6 million for the third quarter of 2024 compared to $33.2 million for the third quarter of 2023. The increase was primarily due to the clinical trial activities related to tovorafenib and additional employee compensation costs.SG&A Expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses were $29.0 million for the third quarter of 2024 compared to $18.3 million for the third quarter of 2023. The increase was primarily due to employee compensation costs, commercial launch activities, and professional service expenses to support the launch of OJEMDA.Net Income/Loss: Net income totaled $37.0 million for the third quarter of 2024 with non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $11.6 million, compared to a net loss of $46.2 million for the third quarter of 2023, with non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $9.6 million.Cash Position: The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled $558.4 million as of September 30, 2024. Upcoming Events Two posters on health-related quality of life and drug holiday from the registrational Phase 2 FIREFLY-1 trial investigating tovorafenib in patients with BRAF-altered, relapsed or progressive pLGG will be presented at the Society for Neuro-Oncology Annual Meeting on November 22, 2024.Piper Sandler 36th Annual Healthcare Conference, December 3-5, 2024. Conference Call Day One will host a conference call and webcast today, October 30 at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time. To access the live conference call by phone, dial 877-704-4453 (domestic) or 201-389-0920 (international), and provide the access code 13745150. Live audio webcast will be accessible from the Day One Investors & Media page. To ensure a timely connection to the webcast, it is recommended that participants register at least 15 minutes prior to the scheduled start time. An archived version of the webcast will be available for replay on the Events & Presentations section of the Day One Investors & Media page for 30 days following the event. About OJEMDA™OJEMDA (tovorafenib) is a Type II RAF kinase inhibitor of mutant BRAF V600, wild-type BRAF, and wild-type CRAF kinases. OJEMDA is indicated for the treatment of patients 6 months of age and older with relapsed or refractory pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) harboring a BRAF fusion or rearrangement, or BRAF V600 mutation. This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s). Tovorafenib was granted Breakthrough Therapy and Rare Pediatric Disease designations by the FDA for the treatment of patients with pLGG harboring an activating RAF alteration, and it was evaluated by the FDA under priority review. Tovorafenib has also received Orphan Drug designation from the FDA for the treatment of malignant glioma and from the European Commission for the treatment of glioma. For more information, please visit www.ojemda.com. About Day One Biopharmaceuticals Day One Biopharmaceuticals believes when it comes to pediatric cancer, we can do better. The Company was founded to address a critical unmet need: the dire lack of therapeutic development in pediatric cancer. Inspired by “The Day One Talk” that physicians have with patients and their families about an initial cancer diagnosis and treatment plan, Day One aims to re-envision cancer drug development and redefine what’s possible for all people living with cancer—regardless of age—starting from Day One. Day One partners with leading clinical oncologists, families, and scientists to identify, acquire, and develop important targeted cancer treatments. The Company’s pipeline includes tovorafenib (OJEMDA™), DAY301 and a VRK1 inhibitor program. Day One is based in Brisbane, California. For more information, please visit www.dayonebio.com or find the Company on LinkedIn or X. Day One uses its Investor Relations website (ir.dayonebio.com), its X handle (x.com/DayOneBio), and LinkedIn Home Page (linkedin.com/company/dayonebio) as a means of disseminating or providing notification of, among other things, news or announcements regarding its business or financial performance, investor events, press releases, and earnings releases, and as a means of disclosing material nonpublic information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited to: Day One’s plans to develop and commercialize cancer therapies, expectations from current and planned clinical trials, the execution of the Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trial for tovorafenib as designed, expectations with respect to the timing of Day One’s Phase 1a/b clinical trial of DAY301, any expectations about safety, efficacy, timing and ability to complete clinical trials, release data results and to obtain regulatory approvals for tovorafenib and other candidates in development, and the ability of tovorafenib to treat pLGG or related indications. Statements including words such as “believe,” “plan,” “continue,” “expect,” “will,” “develop,” “signal,” “potential,” or “ongoing” and statements in the future tense are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions, which, if they do not fully materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause Day One’s actual activities or results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement, including risks and uncertainties in this press release and other risks set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Day One’s ability to develop, obtain and retain regulatory approval for or commercialize any product candidate, Day One’s ability to protect intellectual property, the potential impact of global business or macroeconomic conditions, including as a result of inflation, rising interest rates, instability in the global banking system, geopolitical conflicts and the sufficiency of Day One’s cash, cash equivalents and investments to fund its operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof and Day One specifically disclaims any obligation to update these forward-looking statements or reasons why actual results might differ, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Day One Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.Condensed Statements of Operations(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)(unaudited) Three Months EndedSeptember 30, Nine Months EndedSeptember 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 Revenue: Product revenue, net$20,070 $— $28,262 $— License revenue 73,691 — 73,691 — Total revenues 93,761 — 101,953 — Cost and operating expenses: Cost of product revenue 1,590 — 2,297 — Research and development 33,563 33,163 165,879 93,173 Selling, general and administrative 28,972 18,275 85,715 53,374 Total cost and operating expenses 64,125 51,438 253,891 146,547 Income (loss) from operations 29,636 (51,438) (151,938) (146,547)Non-operating income: Gain from sale of priority review voucher — — 108,000 — Investment income, net 5,322 5,291 13,649 12,163 Other income (expense), net 1,197 (3) 1,177 (22)Total non-operating income, net 6,519 5,288 122,826 12,141 Income (loss) before income taxes 36,155 (46,150) (29,112) (134,406)Income tax benefit (expense) 882 — (670) — Net income (loss) 37,037 (46,150) (29,782) (134,406)Net income (loss) per share - basic$0.38 $(0.54) $(0.33) $(1.73)Net income (loss) per share - diluted$0.38 $(0.54) $(0.33) $(1.73)Weighted-average number of common shares used in net income (loss) per share - basic 96,623,123 85,952,501 90,164,895 77,682,237 Weighted-average number of common shares used in net income (loss) per share - diluted 96,937,759 85,952,501 90,164,895 77,682,237 Day One Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.Selected Condensed Balance Sheet Data(in thousands)(unaudited) September 30,2024 December 31,2023Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments$558,383 $366,347 Total assets 600,807 376,048 Total liabilities 45,344 29,508 Accumulated deficit (488,367) (458,585)Total stockholders’ equity 555,463 346,540 DAY ONE MEDIALaura Cooper, Head of Communications media@dayonebio.com DAY ONE INVESTORSLifeSci Advisors, PJ Kelleherpkelleher@lifesciadvisors.com

侃言 此前多次分享过“小分子大环化”这种分子编辑策略在药物化学中改善候选分子效力、选择性、物化特性、和ADME特性等应用实例和总数观点。 近期，EJMC上也刊载了一篇相关综述，文末“阅读原文”可直达原英文文献地址。 此前分享的JMC上的一篇“小分子大环化”的综述，主要从大环化对分子各种性质的影响以及连接器的应用的角度来讲述。本篇EJMC的综述文章更注重从不同类型的蛋白质靶点出发，讲述近5年，“大环化”分子编辑策略在具体药化实例中的优势和应用。 1 “大环化”的优势 “大环”一般指的是在重原子的基础上，具有12个活更多成员的环状化合物。根据“环”形成的核心化学性质，大环类化合物可以分为环肽类、环内酰胺类、环内酯类、环醚类/胺类等。 从药物化学的角度，根据大环药物成环的化学特征，可将其细分为环肽、和大环。 近些年，化学药物发现领域不断涌现出具有多种创新机制的新药，包括：大环类药物（大环/环肽）、靶向蛋白水解嵌合体（PROTACs）、分子胶、抗体偶联药物（ADC）、共价抑制剂等。其中，“大环化”后的大环类药物，由于能够在部分刚性结构中提供功能多样性和立体化学复杂性，具有几个独特的优势： 为药物研究提供新颖的化学空间和知识产权（IP); 大环刚性结构提供相对开环结构表现出更高的亲和力、选择性。在结合具有挑战性药物靶点，解决小分子药物耐药性的问题上具有优势； 在药物发现过程中，优化药物性质； 因此，小分子大环化在近期的药物研发中，已经成为一种热门分子编辑手段，用来改善药物功效和药物类药性特性。 2 “大环化”在先导化合物优化中的应用 接下来，作者汇总了近5年来，在不同的靶点先导化合物优化的过程中，利用“大环化”改善“小分子”功效和特性的实例，大约近30个实例。 01 ATP柠檬酸裂解酶抑制剂 ATP柠檬酸裂解酶（ACLY）是一种催化柠檬酸生成乙酰辅酶A的酶，在糖代谢和脂质生物合成中起重要作用。催化过程为一些重要分子（如胆固醇、脂肪酸等）的生物合成提供合成砌块，并在蛋白质乙酰化中起重要作用。 ACLY过表达会导致代谢疾病和恶性肿瘤，因此，这种酶是一种潜在的药物治疗靶标。然而，ACLY抑制剂的研发过程中，低活性、细胞渗透性、毒性、药代动力学特性等，一直是阻碍候选分子进一步进入临床研究的障碍。 如上图，在观察化合物1与ACLY的共晶结构时发现，其与靶标呈“U”型结构结合，并且处于活性构象时，苯环与酯基结构非常接近。这里出现了关环以稳定其活性构象的切机！ 通过优化，大环化后的分子在保持了相当的功效（IC50、KD)的同时，其代谢稳定性得到了极大的提高：半衰期提高了158倍，人肝微粒体清除率减少了258倍！ 02 CGRP受体拮抗剂 降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)及其受体(CGRPR)是偏头痛治疗的潜在靶点，当前已有几种口服CGRP拮抗剂上市。 CGRPR由降钙素样受体（CLR)和受体活性修饰蛋白1（RMAP1)的复合物形成，具有宽、浅、溶剂暴漏的结合位点，最适合大环化配体结合。 如上图，在研究化合物3与CGRPR的共晶结构时发现，一个吲唑甲基片段填充了亲脂腔，取代了疏水性热点重叠的“高能水”区。因此，研究人员尝试设计大环化，以稳定化合物3的活性构象。 通过分子对接，发现大环化分子（4a、4b)与无环化化合物3的活性构象刚好吻合。验证也发现，环化后的分子的效力提高了4倍，亲脂效率（LEE)提高了1.3倍。更有趣的是，非对映体5也是针对靶标有效的，并且是完全不同的结合模式，有助于设计新的CGRP受体拮抗剂。 03 CTG重复序列结合物 DNA或RNA靶向也是一个比较快速发展的药物研究领域。例如，肌强直性营养不良是一种遗传性疾病，其蛋白激酶（DMPK）基因的3’-非翻译区含有扩增的d(CTG）重复序列和扩增的r(CUG）重复序列隔离肌盲样（MBNL）家族蛋白，在剪接中起重要作用。 化合物6可以选择性识别d(CTG）和r(CUG），结合常数在次微摩尔级别，然而，其在该浓度范围内也表现出了细胞毒性。 经过分析，化合物6存在如上图中的堆叠构象和非堆叠构象。非堆叠构象，一方面发挥与DNA、RNA的非特异性结合，另一方面因非特异性结合而增加的剂量会导致细胞毒性。因此，通过环化，锁定化合物在堆叠的活性构象，可以增加分子的特异性和效力，进而减少细胞毒性。 正如预期，化合物8a细胞毒性降低了10倍；化合物8b的效力、选择性等都得到了显著提高。 04 因子XIa抑制剂 凝血酶或凝血因子XIa(FXIa)是抗血栓治疗的新靶点。 BMS研发的化合物9是FXIa潜在的抑制剂，具有nM级抑制常数。然而，该化合物具有较大的极性表面积，以及较差的PK属性：仅3%的生物利用度，以及较多的氢键导致极低的渗透性。 通过配体与靶标的共晶结构，发现化合物9咪唑附近的两个苯环彼此邻近，具有大环化的潜力，进而有可能改善分子的效力和选择性。 在后续的优化中，研究人员通过去除四氮唑和酰胺氢，以降低PSA，改善不良的渗透性和口服吸收。环化后的化合物10，虽然与靶标的结合力常数略有升高，但仍保持在有效的范围内。同时，降低了PSA，其药效更强、生物利用度更好，并且增加了靶标特异性。 05 FKBP51抑制剂 FK506结合蛋白（FKBP51）是一种隶属于免疫亲和蛋白家族的肽基脯氨酸异构酶，在调节糖皮质激素受体活性中起重要作用，并作为共同伴侣，参与HSP90蛋白折叠。FKBP51是许多疾病的潜在靶点，包括与压力相关的精神障碍、肥胖引起的糖尿病、和慢性疼痛等。 如上图，化合物11a、11b是首次报道的FKB51选择性配体，具有个位数nM级别的抑制活性。在研究化合物11b与靶标的共晶结构时发现，两个芳环上的醚键彼此靠近，具有环化的潜力，以锁定生物活性构象。 如上图，通过从尝试一系列连接子，含有两个羟基的化合物12相比于非环化前体，药效最强。感觉整体选择性降低了，变泛配体了？ 06 谷氨酰胺酶1抑制剂 谷氨酰胺酶（GLS)是水解谷氨酰胺，获得谷氨酸盐的关键性酶。在一些癌症中，“谷氨酰胺成瘾”，维持癌细胞增殖所需要的能量。人类GLS酶包括两种类型：GLS1，广泛分布于肝外组织的肾型谷氨酰胺酶；GLS2，主要分布于成人肝脏的肝型谷氨酰胺酶。其中，GLS1的活性与肿瘤生长速率相关，是癌症潜在的治疗靶点。 如上图，化合物13是一个临床候选分子。早期研究期待通过环化获得新型的抑制剂，然而效力均不理想。直到在分析化合物13与GLS1的共晶结构时，在结合的生物活性状态观察到了“U”构象。分子处在生物活性构象时，两端的基序彼此靠近，提供了环化的切机。 环化后的化合物14，效力提高了3.6倍，并且稳定性也获得了显著的提高：半衰期提高了2倍、清除率降低了1/3。然而，生物利用度相比于前体13有所降低（9% vs 19%）。 07 异柠檬酸脱氢酶2（IDH2)抑制剂 异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH)是一种影响三羧酸循环中异柠檬酸和α-酮戊二酸相互转化代谢途径的酶。 化合物15是一种FDA批准的用于治疗复发性和难治性急性髓性白血病的药物。研究人员尝试通过大环化获得构象限制的新型IDH2抑制剂。通过观察化合物15与IDH2R140Q突变体的共晶结构，发现吡啶N的部分与脂肪侧链非常接近，因此合成了大环化合物16。 环化后的化合物对R140Q突变体抑制性最强，具有个位数nM级抑制活性，而对野生型IDH2无抑制作用。同时，环化后的化合物还具有良好的生物利用度和代谢稳定性。 08 激酶凋亡信号调节激酶1（ASK1）抑制剂 凋亡信号调节激酶1（ASK1)通过调节细胞应激反应，在炎症和凋亡中发挥重要作用。ASK1调节可有治疗神经系统疾病，包括肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、多发性硬化症、帕金森病、阿尔兹海默病等。 如上图，Selonsertib是表现最好属性的ASK1抑制剂，具有生化和细胞效力以及良好的药代动力学特征。然而，其是P-gp底物，不适合作为中枢神经系统药物。 通过研究其与靶标蛋白质在溶剂暴露区和催化赖氨酸结合位点附近的激酶结构域的共晶结构发现，具有大环化的潜力，或许可以解决CNS渗透性问题。 如上图，获得了两种类型的大环化产物：化合物17、18。然而，环化后的产物并没有比母体更具有效力。CNS渗透性可以通过引入适当的官能团来调节。如上图，含氟化合物17表现出低至中等的CNS穿透性，而咪唑类化合物18表现出更优异的脑暴露性。 09 激酶骨形态发生蛋白受体II型（BMPR2) 骨形态发生蛋白受体II型(BMPR2)是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸受体激酶，属于酪氨酸激酶样(TKL)组，是肺动脉高压、癌症、阿尔兹海默病等疾病的靶点。 如上图，化合物19具有BMPR2靶标次纳摩尔级的结合力以及双位数nM级的抑制活性；然而，其同时抑制468个激酶中的262个，表现出极差的特异性的混杂行为。 通过分析化合物19与VRK1的共晶结构，发现氰基与环丙烷彼此靠近，设计连接子，或许可以提高其选择性。如上图中，环化后的化合物20，其效力虽不如前体，但仍保持在次微摩尔级的有效范围。而其选择性获得了提供。 10 周期蛋白依赖性激酶2（CDK2）抑制剂 周期蛋白依赖性激酶2（CDK2)是一种丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶，与周期蛋白伙伴相互作用。CDK-周期蛋白复合物失调，会导致癌细胞失去周期和转录控制。 其中CDK2抑制剂对CDK4/6抑制剂治疗产生耐药性的患者有益。 研究人员发现化合物21对CDK2参与的PPI作用具有有效的抑制作用。以此为起点，结合AI技术和基于片段的变分自编码器生成模型来识别CDK2抑制剂。通过分析其对CDK2/cyclin E1的共晶结构，发现其呈“U”型结构，吡啶与溶剂暴露的异丙基靠近，具有大环化的潜力。 在一系列的大环化衍生物中，化合物22最具潜力。其针对CDK2/E1的抑制效力提高了21倍，然而，针对CDK1/A2的选择性略有下降。 11 周期蛋白依赖性激酶9（CDK9）抑制剂 髓样细胞白血病-1(Mcl-1)是一种抗凋亡蛋白，在癌细胞存活中起重要作用。Mcl-1在多种癌症的细胞增殖过程中过表达，特别是在EGFR突变的细胞系中，而CDK9抑制可下调Mcl-1。 化合物23是一种有效抑制CDK9的苗头化合物，然而，其同时对其它CDK蛋白具有抑制活性，如CDK2/4/12，具有较差的选择性以及因此而导致的体内毒性。 研究人员试图通过大环化来固定二面角，以抑制柔性旋转。通过优化大环化连接子以及酰胺侧链，如上图，获得化合物24，保持了针对CDK9效力的同时，具有良好的选择性。 12 c-Met激酶抑制剂 c-Met是一种受体酪氨酸激酶（RTK)，是肝细胞生长因子（HGF)/分散因子（SF)的受体。靶向HGF/c-Met信号通路，是非小细胞肺癌的潜在治疗策略。一些小分子已被用于靶向c-Met，包括已上市的药物(克唑替尼、卡马替尼、替波替尼、萨沃替尼和卡博赞替尼等)。 如上图，在基于先导化合物设计新型c-Met抑制剂时，发现了与c-Met共晶结构中存在“U”型结合模式，使用不同的连接子使小分子大环化，能够产生在生化、细胞活性等方面的差异性。 通过大环化，可以使分子维持在折叠的低能构象，以避免结合自由能熵补偿。如上图，大环化后的化合物26，获得了改善的生物活性、选择性。 13 酶双特异性酪氨酸磷酸化调节激酶1A/B 双特异性酪氨酸（Y)磷酸化调节激酶1A (DYRK1A) 在神经系统疾病和癌症中都起作用。 如上图，化合物27是一种有效的DYRK1A抑制剂，然而，其是一种泛激酶抑制剂，具有广谱抑制作用。在研究化合物27与DYRK1A的共晶结构时，发现了“U”型结合模式，其中苯环的3-位与吡啶环的5-位非常接近。 因此，研究人员以此合成大环化分子，实现了对靶标的高亲和力和选择性。 14 激酶表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）抑制剂 表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)携带del19或L858R突变体时，它是一种致癌驱动因子，特别是在肺癌中。 如上图，化合物30是勃林格殷格翰发现的具有潜力的苗头化合物。在详细的构象分析中发现，化合物30具有活性和非活性构象，因此，研究人员决定通过大环化来稳定其活性构象。 如上图，大环化后的产物31，其抗增殖效力得到了极大的提高。 也有研究人员基于Gefitinib的结构尝试大环化，如上图，化合物32针对突变体的抑制效力虽略有不如前体，但也保持了次nM级抑制效力；而其针对野生型的选择性获得了极大的提高。 15 造血祖激酶1（HPK1）抑制剂 造血祖激酶1 (HPK1)是一种丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶，调节T细胞、B细胞和树突状细胞的功能，是免疫治疗潜在的治疗靶标，作为肿瘤转移患者潜在的治疗策略。 如上图，化合物33是BMS发现的一种有效的HPK1抑制剂，并且针对GLK具有39倍选择性。研究发现，HPK1与GLK的差别之处在于HPK1具有更宽的入口口袋，因此，这种差别赋予了两个靶标的空间冲突选择性。而研究发现，化合物33的苯基基序的柔韧性可以引起构象变化，符合GLK。若通过大环化来实现构象限制，则有可能进一步提高选择性。 如上图，环化后优化的产物34，其针对HPK1的效力提高了4.6倍；选择性提高了101倍；代谢稳定性提高了3倍；抗hERG活性低于化合物33等。此外，其还获得了中等的渗透性，无外排倾向，对CYP3A4无明显抑制作用。 16 Janus激酶2（JAK2）抑制剂 Janus激酶2（JAK2）是一种细胞内非受体酪氨酸激酶，属于Janus激酶家族（JAK1、JAK2、JAK3、Tyk2），可以作为骨髓增生性肿瘤、类风湿性关节炎、以及炎症性肠病的治疗靶点。 如上图，研究人员以Fedratinib为起点，探索基于深度学习的JAK2大环化抑制剂设计。Fedratinib已批准于治疗骨髓纤维化，但其激酶选择性较差。 研究人员在两个芳环之间设计连接子，并鉴于结构分析去除磺酰胺，通过分子对接，从产生的218个大环化分子中选择最具潜力的分子进行合成、验证，其中化合物35与Pacritinib非常相似。其效力略不如前体，然而其仅抑制17种野生型激酶，相比于前体的34种，选择性得到了很大的提高。同时，PK属性获得了提高。 17 激酶Pim-1抑制剂 Pim-1编码基因具有致癌潜力，Pim-1激酶是前列腺癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、乳腺癌等多种肿瘤的信号蛋白。 如上图，化合物36是一种μM级的Pim-1抑制剂，通过配体竞争饱和方法进一步优化，获得更高效的抑制剂37，以及选择性靶向Pim-2、Pim-3。然而，其细胞渗透性差。 分析化合物36、37与Pim-1的共晶结构，发现芳环上的氯原子与侧链N原子旁边的碳原子非常接近，具有大环化的潜力。通过设计不同的大环化连接子，最终确定了最有效的化合物38，保存了化合物37相当的效力，同时具有μM级细胞活性。 18 脾酪氨酸激酶（SYK）抑制剂 脾酪氨酸激酶（SYK）是一种主要在造血干细胞种表达的非受体酪氨酸激酶，也是B细胞受体（BCR)信号的调节因子，是治疗自身免疫性疾病和血液病的潜在治疗靶点。 如上图，化合物39是阿斯利康发现的一种有效的、选择性SYK抑制剂。然而，其具有不良的药代动力学（PK）特性。因此，研究者尝试用大环化的分子编辑手段进行进一步优化。 首先，基于溶液态NMR数据，观察到化合物39主要以“U”型构象存在，发现了大环化的切机。在众多大环化分子中，化合物40最具有潜力。尽管其效力和细胞活性略有降低，其在大鼠肝清除和人肝微粒体清除研究中更加稳定。同时，其没有hERG抑制活性，提高了激酶选择性。此外，其渗透性由于羟基极性的引入而降低，这或许需要用前药的方法来进一步解决。 19 原肌球蛋白受体激酶（TRK）抑制剂 原肌球蛋白受体激酶（TRK）是一种跨膜受体酪氨酸激酶，有三种亚型（TRKA、TRKB、TRKC）组成，分别由神经营养受体酪氨酸激酶1、2、3基因编辑。TRKs调控哺乳动物中枢和周围神经系统的生理功能，是NTRK融合阳性癌症的潜在治疗靶点。 如上图，Larotrectinib是一种FDA获批的TRK抑制剂，并且在临床上通过将二氟苯和吡咯烷基序连在一起，产生了两种新型药物Selitrectinib、Repotrectinib。 此外，也有研究通过Schrodinger软件，以Larotrectinib为起点生成TRKAG595R突变体的对接，实现大环化。在分析了结合模式后，通过环化3-羟基吡啶部分和二氟苯的溶剂暴露区域，合成了3种类型的大环化化合物，共23个。其中，化合物41是比前体更具有效力的。 丁克教授也在该项目上做了大量工作，如上图。他们首先确定了苗头化合物42，具有TRKA、TRKB、TRKC抑制活性。 以苗头化合物42为起点，新的设计首先采用了骨架跃迁的策略，获得先导化合物43，其在针对野生型TRKA、TRKC、以及突变体TRKAG667C等生化试验中显示有效活性。 通过对43的结合模式进行预测分析，发现了该化合物以II型结合模式与TRKC的APT结合口袋结合，因此，在此基础上计划将苯环和胺基序环化以获得刚性结构。 环化后的化合物44表现出比先导化合物更有效的生化活性、和细胞活性、以及更高的激酶选择性。对连接子和侧链进一步优化，获得化合物45，其效力、细胞活性、选择性进一步获得了提高。 20 TYK2激酶抑制剂 TYK2也隶属于前面提到了Janus激酶家族一员，是治疗自身免疫性疾病的潜在靶点。 如上图，化合物46是一种有效的Tyk2抑制剂，通过共晶结构分析，在氧杂吡咯烷酮与吡啶基序之间的溶剂暴露区发现了大环化的切机。环化后的化合物47尽管效力没有改善，其针对JAK1、JAK3的选择性得到了极大的提高。 21 髓过氧化合物酶(MPO)抑制剂 髓过氧化物酶(MPO)是一种人类含血红素过氧化物酶，是中性粒细胞初级颗粒的主要成分。其过表达和氧化产物的形成与炎症性疾病，特别是动脉粥样硬化有关。适当调节这种酶，对预防心血管疾病很重要。 如上图，化合物48是一种有效的MPO抑制剂，针对TPO的选择性约25倍，而化合物49具有相当的MPO抑制活性。通过将结合了MPO活性位点的48、49的晶体结构于同一位置的三唑并吡啶环重叠，发现化合物48的茚环与化合物49的苯环距离很近，几乎重叠。因此，研究人员设计融合两个化合物的构象特点，通过设计大环化来提高分子的效力和选择性。 优化后，获得的化合物50，其MPO抑制效力提高了约10倍，选择性提高了1580倍！ 22 NS3/4A蛋白酶激动剂 Asunaprevir是获批NS3/4A蛋白酶药物，然而却常常诱导R155K和D168N突变而产生耐药性。这种耐药性机制可能是配体结合诱导Arg155与P2*杂环接触，Arg155与Asp168结合而稳定。因此任何一个位点的突变，都会破坏配体与NS3/4A蛋白酶结合。 因此，BMS试图通过环化P1、P3来稳定结合的活性构象，以避免耐药性突变的发生。通过优化后，获得的大环化化合物51，其激动剂活性针对所有的基因型均获得了改善。同时，除了食蟹猴以外，大鼠和狗的生物利用度也获得了很大的提高。 23 PI3K δ抑制剂 磷酸肌醇3-激酶δ（PI3K δ）可催化磷脂酰肌醇4,5-二磷酸（PIP2)磷酸化为磷脂酰肌醇3,4,5-三磷酸（PIP3)，在细胞生长、增殖、存活和迁移相关信号通路中起重要作用，主要在白细胞中表达，是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的靶点。 如上图，化合物52是一个临床候选化合物发现的起点。通过其与PI3Kδ共晶结构分析发现，磺酰胺基团的甲基与酰胺键的羰基之间靠近，具有大环化的机会。 对比环化前体，环化后的产物其针对PI3Kδ抑制效力和结合力显著提高，配体效力（LE)略微改善、体内/体外的清除率明显降低。 24 PI3K/m-TOR抑制剂 PI3K/AKT/m-TOR信号通路的激活与乳腺、结肠、肺、血液等恶性肿瘤的发生发展有关。 如上图，Omipalisib是已知的PI3Kα、m-TOR抑制剂，以此为起点，通过对其共晶结构的分析、以及分子对接的了解，研究人员通过环化两个溶剂前沿区域的靠近基序，获得的产物55，其PI3Kα抑制活性得到了改善，m-TOR抑制效力降低，p-AKT激动活力提高了3倍以上等。 25 PI3K/m-TOR/PIM抑制剂 PIM激酶通过参与PI3K/m-TOR/PIM通路参与癌症的发展。 如上图，环化产物57比非环化前体56更具有效力和选择性，且具有泛PIM抑制活性。 26 纤溶酶抑制剂 纤溶蛋白是一种类似胰蛋白酶的丝氨酸蛋白酶，在生理条件下参与纤维蛋白凝块的降解，控制循环中纤溶和凝血的平衡。纤溶酶活性增强的情况，如心脏手术合并体外循环、和器官移植，会增加出血性疾病的风险。 如上图，化合物58是一种非特异性抑制剂，具有次nM级抑制力活性。在分子模拟研究中发现，P2、P3侧链与美表面或溶剂暴漏区的方向相同；而且，除了纤溶酶外，其它蛋白酶的“发卡”结构会与P2、和P3形成的大环产生空间冲突，因此，这为大环化后提供了潜在的选择性。 通过优化后，获得大环后产物59，其抑制效力保持，而且选择性获得了极大的提高。 27 RORC2反向激动剂 视黄酸受体相关孤儿受体C2(RORC2, RORγt)是一种与IL-17A和IL-17F表达相关的核激素受体。因此，一种合适的调节RORC2受体的小分子，特别是作为一种逆激动剂，可能抑制体外IL-17A的产生，并对牛皮癣、类风湿性关节炎(RA)、炎症性肠病和多发性硬化症的体内模型有效。 如上图，化合物60是辉瑞发现的一个低分子量的先导化合物，进一步的改善获得化合物61，其表现出合理的RORC2反向激动作用和IL-17A抑制性，但理化特性没有得到改善。 通过共晶结构分析发现，化合物61具有“U”型活性构象，因此，将两个靠近的基序进行连接、大环化，获得产物62，其活性略有降低，然而其物化特性获得了极大的改善。 28 突变呼吸道合胞病毒融合(RSV F)蛋白 呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是一种传染性病毒，可引起下呼吸道感染，特别是婴幼儿和患有其它疾病的老人。 如上图，Presatrovir是目前正在临床阶段的很有前景的RSV F蛋白抑制剂。然而，已经观察到耐药性突变，这是一个非常严重的问题。 研究Presatrovir和野生型A2 RSV F蛋白分子模型发现，磺胺的氢和吡唑环的氮相互作用。将分子模型数据与单晶结构进行比较，结果很吻合。为了稳定这种构象，尝试基于先导化合物63进行大环化，来靶向野生型和D486N突变型RSV F。 其中各项最平衡的产物是化合物64，其针对野生型的活性降低，但针对突变体活性获得了极大的提高。然而，NMR分析，其具有拓扑异构混合物的存在。进一步优化，扩展环获得化合物65，其针对野生型、突变体的活性都获得了极大的提高，没有拓扑异构混杂的现象。捅死，在10μM环境下，仍没有CYP3A抑制活性。 29 干扰素基因刺激剂（STING) 干扰素基因刺激剂（STING)是一种衔接蛋白，在免疫应答相关的信号通路中发挥重要作用。因此，STING激动剂用于感染性疾病和癌症免疫治疗；而STING抑制剂用于自身免疫性疾病和炎症的治疗。 如上图，环化后的产物比前体具有更高的亲和力以及活性。 3 总结   在药物发现中，越来越多的证据表明，大环提供了一种新颖的化学类别，它占据小分子和生物制剂之间独特的化学空间。基于独特的构象特征，大环的药物特性使它们能够靶向其它化学类别不易接近的细胞外和细胞内的位点。 基于大环的药物设计或小分子“大环化”的分子编辑策略，在药物法中具有潜在的优势。 大环可以为靶蛋白提供更大的相互作用表面，从而在结合强度和特异性方面增强了结合亲和力； 大环的复杂性和三维特性增加了可能有助于提高靶蛋白的选择性，从而减少脱靶效应，增加治疗的安全性和选择性； 线性化合物的“大环化”通常提供更好的细胞渗透性，从而提高生物利用度； 大环的约束构象和刚性结构还可以提高稳定性，增加抵抗酶降解的能力，进而延长药物在体内的半衰期； 大环提供独特的化学支架，扩大化学空间的多样性； 大环能够更好的平衡亲脂性、亲水性、和分子量等性质，获得最佳的类药性； 声明：发表/转载本文仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，并不意味着代表本公众号观点或证实其内容的真实性。据此内容作出的任何判断，后果自负。若有侵权，告知必删！ 长按关注本公众号  粉丝群/投稿/授权/广告等 请联系公众号助手 觉得本文好看，请点这里↓

Achieved $8.2 million in OJEMDATM (tovorafenib) net product revenues in initial 2 months of launch Expanded pipeline with DAY301, potential first-in-class Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) targeting PTK7 Entered into exclusive licensing agreement with Ipsen to commercialize tovorafenib outside of the U.S. for approximately $111 million upfront in cash and equity investment at a premium Entered into a definitive agreement for an oversubscribed private placement of its securities for total gross proceeds of approximately $175 million Company to host conference call and webcast today, July 30, 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time BRISBANE, Calif., July 30, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Day One Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: DAWN) (“Day One” or the “Company”), a biopharmaceutical company dedicated to developing and commercializing targeted therapies for people of all ages with life-threatening diseases, today announced its second quarter 2024 financial results and highlighted recent corporate achievements. “We had an outstanding quarter across all facets of our business,” said Jeremy Bender, Ph.D., chief executive officer of Day One. “Demand for OJEMDA led to strong early launch performance following our first approval, and we made significant progress advancing our programs and pipeline, including the addition of DAY301, a potential first-in-class ADC targeting PTK7 that we expect to be in the clinic in the coming months.” Program Highlights OJEMDA received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accelerated approval in April 2024. It is the first and only FDA approved therapy for the treatment of patients 6 months of age and older with relapsed or refractory pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) harboring a BRAF fusion or rearrangement, or BRAF V600 mutation. Day One provided updated duration of treatment data from the registrational Phase 2 FIREFLY-1 trial investigating tovorafenib in patients with BRAF-altered, relapsed or progressive pLGG. For the 77 patients enrolled on Arm 1, which was the dataset used to assess OJEMDA’s efficacy, the median duration of treatment is now 23.7 months, with some patients being on treatment out to 32 months. Additional analyses will be presented at future medical conferences. Day One and Ipsen entered into an exclusive licensing agreement to commercialize tovorafenib outside of the U.S. in July 2024. Under the agreement, Day One will receive approximately $111 million upfront in cash and equity investment at a premium with up to approximately $350 million in additional launch and sales milestone payments as well as tiered double-digit royalties starting in mid-teens percentage on net sales. Ipsen secured commercialization rights to tovorafenib outside of the U.S. Day One entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with MabCare Therapeutics for its novel ADC targeting protein-tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7) in June 2024. The Company expects to dose the first patient in the Phase I portion of the Phase 1/2a clinical trial of DAY301 in the fourth quarter of 2024 or first quarter of 2025.Day One presented a poster on tovorafenib demonstrating reversibility of changes in growth velocity observed in the Phase 2 FIREFLY-1 clinical trial at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting. These data were also shared at the 21st International Symposium on Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (ISPNO). Day One made the decision to close the pimasertib program in July 2024, including the FIRELIGHT-1 trial evaluating it in combination with tovorafenib. Resources will be redirected to the DAY301 program and results will be shared at a future medical meeting or publication. The pivotal Phase 3 FIREFLY-2/LOGGIC clinical trial evaluating tovorafenib as a front-line therapy in patients aged 6 months to 25 years with pLGG continues to enroll patients in the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia and Asia, with more than 100 sites activated. Corporate Highlights and Upcoming Milestones Day One announced it entered into a definitive agreement for an oversubscribed private placement of its securities for total gross proceeds of approximately $175.0 million in July 2024. The Company sold the rare pediatric disease Priority Review Voucher awarded by the FDA upon OJEMDA’s approval for total cash proceeds of $108.0 million in May 2024, representing a gain on sale.Commercial operations veteran John Stubenrauch joined Day One in July 2024 as Chief Technology Officer. Dr. Stubenrauch, PhD, MBA, was most recently Chief Operating Officer at Nutcracker Therapeutics and brings more than 25 years of experience developing and commercializing medicines, including ADCs, as well as a broad range of product modalities. Second Quarter 2024 Financial Highlights Cash Position: The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled $361.9 million as of June 30, 2024. Product Revenue, Net: OJEMDA net product revenues were $8.2 million for the second quarter of 2024, the first partial quarter of the U.S. launch.R&D Expenses: Research and development expenses were $92.1 million for the second quarter of 2024 compared to $32.2 million for the second quarter of 2023. The increase was primarily due to the MabCare Therapeutics license agreement upfront payment of $55.0 million, increased clinical trial activities related to tovorafenib, and additional employee compensation costs.SG&A Expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses were $30.2 million for the second quarter of 2024 compared to $17.1 million for the second quarter of 2023. The increase was primarily due to additional employee compensation costs, commercial launch activities, and increased professional service expenses to support company growth.Net Loss: Net loss totaled $4.4 million for the second quarter of 2024 with non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $13.0 million, compared to $45.9 million for the second quarter of 2023 with non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $9.5 million. Upcoming Events 2024 Wedbush PacGrow Healthcare Conference, August 12-14, 2024 Conference Call Day One will host a conference call and webcast today, July 30 at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time. To access the live conference call by phone, dial 877-704-4453 (domestic) or 201-389-0920 (international), and provide the access code 13745150. Live audio webcast will be accessible from the Day One Investors & Media page. To ensure a timely connection to the webcast, it is recommended that participants register at least 15 minutes prior to the scheduled start time. An archived version of the webcast will be available for replay on the Events & Presentations section of the Day One Investors & Media page for 30 days following the event. About OJEMDA™OJEMDA (tovorafenib) is a Type II RAF kinase inhibitor of mutant BRAF V600, wild-type BRAF, and wild-type CRAF kinases. OJEMDA is indicated for the treatment of patients 6 months of age and older with relapsed or refractory pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) harboring a BRAF fusion or rearrangement, or BRAF V600 mutation. This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s). Tovorafenib was granted Breakthrough Therapy and Rare Pediatric Disease designations by the FDA for the treatment of patients with pLGG harboring an activating RAF alteration, and it was evaluated by the FDA under priority review. Tovorafenib has also received Orphan Drug designation from the FDA for the treatment of malignant glioma and from the European Commission for the treatment of glioma. For more information, please visit www.ojemda.com. About Day One Biopharmaceuticals Day One Biopharmaceuticals believes when it comes to pediatric cancer, we can do better. The Company was founded to address a critical unmet need: the dire lack of therapeutic development in pediatric cancer. Inspired by “The Day One Talk” that physicians have with patients and their families about an initial cancer diagnosis and treatment plan, Day One aims to re-envision cancer drug development and redefine what’s possible for all people living with cancer—regardless of age—starting from Day One. Day One partners with leading clinical oncologists, families, and scientists to identify, acquire, and develop important targeted cancer treatments. The Company’s pipeline includes tovorafenib (OJEMDA™) and DAY301 and a VRK1 inhibitor program. Day One is based in Brisbane, California. For more information, please visit www.dayonebio.com or find the Company on LinkedIn or X. Day One uses its Investor Relations website (ir.dayonebio.com), its X handle (x.com/DayOneBio), and LinkedIn Home Page (linkedin.com/company/dayonebio) as a means of disseminating or providing notification of, among other things, news or announcements regarding its business or financial performance, investor events, press releases, and earnings releases, and as a means of disclosing material nonpublic information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited to: Day One’s plans to develop and commercialize cancer therapies, expectations from current clinical trials, the execution of the Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trial for tovorafenib as designed, any expectations about safety, efficacy, timing and ability to complete clinical trials, release data results and to obtain regulatory approvals for tovorafenib and other candidates in development, and the ability of tovorafenib to treat pLGG or related indications. Statements including words such as “believe,” “plan,” “continue,” “expect,” “will,” “develop,” “signal,” “potential,” or “ongoing” and statements in the future tense are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions, which, if they do not fully materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause Day One’s actual activities or results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement, including risks and uncertainties in this press release and other risks set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Day One’s ability to develop, obtain and retain regulatory approval for or commercialize any product candidate, Day One’s ability to protect intellectual property, the potential impact of global business or macroeconomic conditions, including as a result of inflation, rising interest rates, instability in the global banking system, geopolitical conflicts and the sufficiency of Day One’s cash, cash equivalents and investments to fund its operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof and Day One specifically disclaims any obligation to update these forward-looking statements or reasons why actual results might differ, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Day One Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.Condensed Statements of Operations(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)(unaudited) Three Months EndedJune 30, Six Months EndedJune 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 Revenue: Product revenue, net$8,192 $— $8,192 $— Cost and operating expenses: Cost of product revenue 707 — 707 — Research and development 92,106 32,182 132,316 60,010 Selling, general and administrative 30,186 17,072 56,743 35,099 Total cost and operating expenses 122,999 49,254 189,766 95,109 Loss from operations (114,807) (49,254) (181,574) (95,109)Non-operating income (expense) Gain from sale of priority review voucher 108,000 — 108,000 — Investment income, net 3,962 3,406 8,327 6,872 Other expense, net (10) (15) (20) (19)Total non-operating income, net 111,952 3,391 116,307 6,853 Loss before income taxes (2,855) (45,863) (65,267) (88,256)Income tax expense (1,552) — (1,552) — Net loss$(4,407) $(45,863) $(66,819) $(88,256)Net loss per share, basic and diluted$(0.05) $(0.61) $(0.77) $(1.20)Weighted-average number of common shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted 87,121,310 74,964,878 86,864,545 73,478,567 Day One Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.Selected Condensed Balance Sheet Data(in thousands)(unaudited) June 30,2024 December 31,2023Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments$361,866 $366,347 Total assets 400,437 376,048 Total liabilities 93,706 29,508 Accumulated deficit (525,404) (458,585)Total stockholders’ equity$306,731 $346,540 DAY ONE MEDIALaura Cooper, Head of Communications media@dayonebio.com DAY ONE INVESTORSLifeSci Advisors, PJ Kelleherpkelleher@lifesciadvisors.com