更新于：2024-11-01

TERF2IP

更新于：2024-11-01

基本信息

别名

Dopamine receptor-interacting protein 5、DRIP5、hRap1

+ [8]

简介

Acts both as a regulator of telomere function and as a transcription regulator. Involved in the regulation of telomere length and protection as a component of the shelterin complex (telosome). In contrast to other components of the shelterin complex, it is dispensible for telomere capping and does not participate in the protection of telomeres against non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair. Instead, it is required to negatively regulate telomere recombination and is essential for repressing homology-directed repair (HDR), which can affect telomere length. Does not bind DNA directly: recruited to telomeric double-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats via its interaction with TERF2. Independently of its function in telomeres, also acts as a transcription regulator: recruited to extratelomeric 5'-TTAGGG-3' sites via its association with TERF2 or other factors, and regulates gene expression. When cytoplasmic, associates with the I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) complex and acts as a regulator of the NF-kappa-B signaling by promoting IKK-mediated phosphorylation of RELA/p65, leading to activate expression of NF-kappa-B target genes.

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0 项与 TERF2IP 相关的专利（医药）

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107

项与 TERF2IP 相关的文献（医药）

2024-08-01·Free Radical Biology and Medicine

Terf2ip deficiency accelerates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through regulating lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation via Sirt1/AMPK pathway

Article

作者: Zhou, Tao ; Zhang, Yaodong ; Jiang, Wangjie ; Xu, Xiao ; Li, Xiangcheng ; Chen, Yananlan ; Chang, Jiang ; Liu, Shuochen ; Fan, Shilong ; Chen, Ruixiang ; Ni, Ming ; Li, Changxian ; Wang, Yirui ; Yu, Yue ; Wang, Jifei

BACKGROUND & AIMSOur previous study has demonstrated that Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2-interacting protein 1(Terf2ip), played an important role in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. This study is aimed to explore the function and mechanism of Terf2ip in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).METHODSThe expression of Terf2ip was detected in liver tissue samples obtained from patients diagnosed with NASH. Mice NASH models were constructed by fed with high-fat diet (HFD) or methionine/choline deficient diet (MCD) in Terf2ip knockout and wild type (WT) mice. To further investigate the role of Terf2ip in NASH, adeno-associated viruses (AAV)-Terf2ip was administrated to mice.RESULTSWe observed a significant down-regulation of Terf2ip levels in the livers of NASH patients and mice NASH models. Terf2ip deficiency was associated with an exacerbation of hepatic steatosis in mice under HFD or MCD. Additionally, Terf2ip deficiency impaired lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in NASH models. Mechanically, we discovered that Terf2ip bound to the promoter region of Sirt1 to regulate Sirt1/AMPK pathway activation. As a result, Terf2ip deficiency was shown to inhibit lipophagy through the AMPK pathway, while the activation of Sirt1 alleviated steatohepatitis in the livers of mice. Finally, re-expression of Terf2ip in hepatocyes alleviated liver steatosis, inflammation, and restored lipophagy.CONCLUSIONSThese results revealed that Terf2ip played a protective role in the progression of NASH through regulating lipophagy and FAO by binding to Sirt1 promoter. Our findings provided a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NASH.

2023-12-01·Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology

High‐ and intermediate‐risk susceptibility variants in melanoma families from the Mediterranean area: A multicentre cohort from the MelaNostrum Consortium

Article

作者: García-Casado, Z ; Rodríguez-Hernández, A ; Calista, D ; Pastorino, L ; Aguilera, P ; Ghiorzo, P ; Potrony, M ; Rocco, T ; Nagore, E ; Bañuls, J ; Necozione, S ; Di Nardo, L ; Fargnoli, M C ; Carrera, C ; Landi, M T ; Menin, C ; Stefanaki, I ; Stratigos, A J ; Mastrangelo, M ; Badenas, C ; Puig, S ; Del Regno, L ; Peris, K ; Malvehy, J ; Requena, C ; Elefanti, L ; Pellegrini, C ; Cardelli, L

AbstractBackgroundMost of large epidemiological studies on melanoma susceptibility have been conducted on fair skinned individuals (US, Australia and Northern Europe), while Southern European populations, characterized by high UV exposure and dark‐skinned individuals, are underrepresented.ObjectivesWe report a comprehensive pooled analysis of established high‐ and intermediate‐penetrance genetic variants and clinical characteristics of Mediterranean melanoma families from the MelaNostrum Consortium.MethodsPooled epidemiological, clinical and genetic (CDKN2A, CDK4, ACD, BAP1, POT1, TERT, and TERF2IP and MC1R genes) retrospective data of melanoma families, collected within the MelaNostrum Consortium in Greece, Italy and Spain, were analysed. Univariate methods and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of variants with characteristics of families and of affected and unaffected family members. Subgroup analysis was performed for each country.ResultsWe included 839 families (1365 affected members and 2123 unaffected individuals). Pathogenic/likely pathogenic CDKN2A variants were identified in 13.8% of families. The strongest predictors of melanoma were ≥2 multiple primary melanoma cases (OR 8.1; 95% CI 3.3–19.7), >3 affected members (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.3–5.2) and occurrence of pancreatic cancer (OR 4.8; 95% CI 2.4–9.4) in the family (AUC 0.76, 95% CI 0.71–0.82). We observed low frequency variants in POT1 (3.8%), TERF2IP (2.5%), ACD (0.8%) and BAP1 (0.3%). MC1R common variants (≥2 variants and ≥2 RHC variants) were associated with melanoma risk (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–2.0 and OR 4.3; 95% CI 1.2–14.6, respectively).ConclusionsVariants in known high‐penetrance genes explain nearly 20% of melanoma familial aggregation in Mediterranean areas. CDKN2A melanoma predictors were identified with potential clinical relevance for cancer risk assessment.

2023-10-01·Human Genetics and Genomics Advances

TINF2 is a major susceptibility gene in Danish patients with multiple primary melanoma

Article

作者: Hayward, Nicholas K ; Van Overeem Hansen, Thomas ; Jelsig, Anne Marie ; Kainu, Kati Hannele ; Wadt, Karin A W ; Lorentzen, Henrik Frank ; Gerdes, Anne-Marie ; Bak, Mads ; Jensen, Marlene Richter ; Hansen, Mary Højgaard ; Johansson, Peter A ; Hölmich, Lisbet Rosenkrantz

TINF2 encodes the TINF2 protein, which is a subunit in the shelterin complex critical for telomere regulation. Three recent studies have associated six truncating germline variants in TINF2 that have previously been associated with a cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) caused by elongation of the telomeres. This has added TINF2 to the long telomere syndrome genes, together with other telomere maintenance genes such as ACD, POT1, TERF2IP, and TERT. We report a clinical study of 102 Danish patients with multiple primary melanoma (MPM) in which a germline truncating variant in TINF2 (p.(Arg265Ter)) was identified in four unrelated participants. The telomere lengths of three variant carriers were >90% percentile. In a routine diagnostic setting, the variant was identified in two more families, including an additional MPM patient and monozygotic twins with thyroid cancer and other cancer types. A total of 10 individuals from six independent families were confirmed carriers, all with cancer history, predominantly melanoma. Our findings suggest a major role of TINF2 in Danish patients with MPM. In addition to melanoma, other cancers in the six families include thyroid, renal, breast, and sarcoma, supporting a CPS in which melanoma, thyroid cancer, and sarcoma predominate. Further studies are needed to establish the full spectrum of associated cancer types and characterize lifetime cancer risk in carriers.

项与 TERF2IP 相关的新闻（医药）

2024-10-26

·精准药物

一文解析MAPK 通路

MAPK（丝裂原活化蛋白激酶）通路是细胞内一种重要的信号传导途径，广泛参与调控细胞生长、分化、死亡、应激反应等多种生物学过程。MAPK通路对于细胞应对外界环境变化具有核心作用，涉及到多种疾病的发生发展，包括癌症、炎症性疾病等。一、MAPK通路的组成 MAPK通路主要由三类蛋白激酶组成，它们按照特定的顺序激活： 1.MAPKKK（MAPK激酶激酶）：最上游的激酶，响应信号分子的刺激。 2.MAPKK（MAPK激酶）：由MAPKKK激活，进一步放大信号。 3.MAPK：最终的执行者，被MAPKK激活后，转移到细胞核内，通过磷酸化特定的基因调控蛋白，影响基因表达。图：MAPK通路的基本组成（来自Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade for the treatment of cancer.）二、MAPK通路的主要分支 MAPK通路可以分为几个主要分支，每个分支由不同的MAPK蛋白构成，主要包括：ERK通路，JNK通路和p38 MAPK通路。 1. ERK通路（Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinases） ERK通路，也称为经典的MAPK通路，主要响应生长因子和一些其他刺激。它通常与细胞增殖和分化过程相关联。主要组成： ●上游激酶：包括Ras小GTPase，它激活RAF激酶（如BRAF）。 ●中间级激酶：RAF激活MEK1和MEK2（MAPK/ERK激酶）。 ●下游激酶：MEK激酶进一步激活ERK1和ERK2。生物学功能： ●细胞增殖：ERK通路的激活促进细胞周期蛋白的表达，推动细胞周期进程。 ●细胞分化：在某些细胞类型中，ERK激活是细胞分化必需的。 ●生存信号：ERK可以激活抗凋亡蛋白，如Bcl-2，帮助细胞逃避程序性细胞死亡。 MAPK/Erk 信号级联放大通过生长和分化中涉及的各种不同受体进行激活，包括受体酪氨酸激酶 (RTKs)、整合素以及离子通道。由不同的刺激物激活的级联反应的特定组分差异较大，但通路的结构通常包含一组对接蛋白（Shc、GRB2、Crk 等），它们将受体连接到一个鸟苷酸交换因子上（SOS、C3G 等），信号则转导至小分子 GTP 结合蛋白 (Ras，Rap1)，后者再激活级联中的核心单位，包括一个 MAPKKK (Raf)、一个 MAPKK (MEK1/2) 和 MAPK (Erk)。激活的 Erk 二聚物可在胞质中调控靶蛋白，也可转运入胞核，在核内磷酸化多种调控基因表达的转录因子。图：生长和分化中的 MAPK/Erk（来自Cell signaling） 2. JNK通路（c-Jun N-terminal Kinases） JNK通路，也称为应激激活蛋白激酶通路，主要响应应激信号，如紫外线照射、热休克和炎症因子。主要组成： ●上游激酶：包括MKK4和MKK7。 ●下游激酶：它们激活JNK1、JNK2和JNK3。生物学功能： ●细胞应激反应：JNK通路在细胞对环境应激做出反应中发挥关键作用。 ●调节细胞死亡：JNK的活化通常与细胞凋亡相关，尤其是在病理条件下。 ●炎症反应：JNK能够调节多种炎症细胞因子的表达。应激活化蛋白激酶 (SAPK)/Jun 氨基末端激酶 (JNK) 是 MAPK 家族的成员，可由各种不同环境应激、炎症细胞因子、生长因子以及 GPCR 激动剂激活。应激反应信号经 Rho 家族（Rac、Rho、cdc42）的小分子 GTP 酶传递到这个级联。和其他 MAPK 一样，膜近端激酶是一个 MAPKKK（通常为 MEKK1–4），或是混合性谱系激酶（MLK）中一员，能磷酸化并激活 MKK4 (SEK) 或 MKK7（即 SAPK/JNK 激酶）。此外， MKK4/7 能由生发中心激酶 (GCK) 家族成员以独立于 GTP 酶的方式激活。SAPK/JNK 转运入胞核后可调节多种转录因子的活性。图：SAPK/JNK信号级联放大（来自Cell signaling） 3. p38 MAPK通路 p38 MAPK通路同样响应应激信号，包括细胞因子和环境应激，常与细胞生存和炎症反应相关。主要组成： ●上游激酶：包括MKK3、MKK4和MKK6。 ●下游激酶：p38 MAPK有四个不同的同源体：p38α、p38β、p38γ和p38δ。生物学功能： ●炎症反应：p38 MAPK是许多炎症介质表达的调节者，对免疫细胞的活化起重要作用。 ●细胞周期调控：p38在某些情况下可以抑制细胞周期的进程，从而影响细胞增殖。 ●细胞分化：特别是在骨骼肌细胞和神经细胞的分化中，p38 MAPK的激活对某些分化途径至关重要。 p38 MAPK（α、β、γ 和 δ）是 MAPK 家族的成员，各种环境应激和炎症细胞因子均可将其激活。对于其他 MAPK 级联，膜近端组分是一个 MAPKKK，其为典型的 MEKK 或混合性谱系激酶 (MLK)。MAPKKK 磷酸化并激活 MKK3/6，后者即是 p38 MAPK 激酶。MKK3/6 也可在凋亡因素的刺激下直接由 ASK1 激活。p38 MAPK 参与调节 HSP27、MAPKAPK-2 (MK2)、MAPKAPK-3 (MK3) 和其他几种转录因子，包括 ATF-2、Stat1、Max/Myc 复合体、MEF-2 和 Elk-1，而 CREB 通过激活 MSK1 间接调控。图：p38 MAPK信号转导相互作用通路（来自Cell signaling）三、MAPK通路的激活机制 MAPK通路通常是通过细胞表面的受体如受体酪氨酸激酶（RTKs）或G蛋白偶联受体（GPCRs）接收信号，触发一系列下游事件： 1.受体激活：受到外界信号分子（如生长因子）的结合后，受体自身活化或聚合，激活与其相连的适配蛋白。 2.Ras蛋白的激活：在ERK通路中，适配蛋白进一步激活小G蛋白Ras。 3.MAPKKK的激活：Ras激活RAF家族蛋白（MAPKKK的一种），后者激活MEK（MAPKK）。 4.MAPK的激活：MEK进一步激活ERK，ERK磷酸化核内的靶蛋白，如转录因子，从而改变基因表达。四、MAPK通路的生理与病理意义 MAPK通路在维持正常细胞功能和发展中起着关键作用，但当这些通路异常激活或抑制时，可能导致多种疾病的发生： ●癌症 MAPK通路的持续激活常见于多种肿瘤，促进肿瘤细胞的增殖和存活。 MAPK信号通路与细胞增殖和分化密切相关。在许多恶性肿瘤中发现MAPK信号的持续激活。细胞增殖在很大程度上有助于肿瘤发生。肿瘤转移和侵袭是致命原因。在哺乳动物MAPK通路中，ERK通路是研究最充分的，在大约三分之一的人类癌症中失调。 ERK1/2通路在肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化、转移和侵袭中起重要作用。温等人发现乙型肝炎病毒x蛋白通过p38/MAPK通路使p53基因失活，从而诱导原发性肝癌（PLC）。Kim MS等人证明，p38 MAPK是Ras诱导的乳腺癌细胞侵袭和转移的关键信号分子。许多研究表明，p38 MAPK通路在细胞外刺激产生的MMP（基质金属蛋白酶）中发挥重要的调节功能。MMP是一种与肿瘤侵袭和迁移密切相关的蛋白水解酶。此外，p38 MAPK通路促进维持肿瘤细胞生长所必需的肿瘤血管生成。癌症经常暴露于各种压力条件下，例如缺氧和炎症。许多MAPK通路都参与应激信号传导。因此，一些激酶在癌症中被应激激活，以响应炎症、DNA 损伤和细胞凋亡。缺氧状态在实体瘤中广泛存在。缺氧信号刺激MKP-1的激活。MKP-1 进一步激活 SAPK/JNK，从而激活 c-Jun。活性 c-Jun 促进多个下游基因转录，这对癌细胞的增殖和存活很重要。 MAPK信号转导的畸变会影响大多数致癌过程，对癌症的发展和进展至关重要。大多数癌症相关病变，如受体酪氨酸激酶的过表达、受体酪氨酸激酶的激活突变、激活配体的持续自分泌或旁分泌产生、Ras 突变和 B-Raf 突变导致 ERK 信号转导的组成型激活。据报道，c-Jun 的 JNK 活性和磷酸化在 Ras 诱导的肿瘤发生中起关键作用。 ●炎症性疾病在炎症性疾病中，MAPK通路通过影响细胞因子、生长因子和应激反应等因素的表达和活性，起到了至关重要的调控作用。 MAPK通路参与调控包括肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（如IL-1, IL-6）等多种炎症性细胞因子的产生。这些细胞因子是炎症反应中的关键介质，能够激活更多的免疫细胞和促进炎症反应的发展。MAPK通路通过调节各种趋化因子和黏附分子的表达，影响免疫细胞（如巨噬细胞、T细胞）的活化、迁移和入侵到炎症部位。在炎症和其他应激条件下，JNK和p38 MAPK的激活促进细胞应对损伤和恢复平衡。由于MAPK通路在炎症反应中的核心角色，研究者开发了多种针对该路径的抑制剂，以治疗如类风湿性关节炎、银屑病等炎症性疾病。例如，p38 MAPK抑制剂已被证明可以减轻炎症反应，通过减少炎症性细胞因子的产生。 ●神经退行性疾病在神经退行性疾病的研究中，MAPK通路显示出其在神经保护和神经损伤中的双重作用，这些疾病包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、亨廷顿病（HD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）等。 AD中，异常的tau蛋白磷酸化与MAPK通路的过度活化有关。特别是JNK和p38 MAPK在tau磷酸化和神经纤维缠结的形成中起着重要作用。PD中，JNK和p38 MAPK的活化与多巴胺神经元的死亡相关。MAPK通路参与了氧化应激和炎症反应的调控，这些都是PD的关键病理过程。在HD中，JNK的激活与疾病相关的神经毒性密切相关。JNK抑制剂显示出在预防神经退行方面的潜力。五、MAPK通路的治疗应用由于MAPK通路在多种疾病中的核心作用，该通路的组分成为了药物开发的重要靶点。目前已有多种针对MAPK通路的抑制剂被开发用于治疗特定类型的癌症（如BRAF抑制剂在黑色素瘤中的应用）和其他疾病。此外，针对JNK和p38 MAPK的抑制剂也在被研究中，以期治疗炎症和神经退行性疾病。六、总结 MAPK通路是一条复杂的信号传导途径，涉及到多种生理和病理过程。对其深入研究不仅有助于我们理解细胞如何响应外界信号并调控各种细胞功能，还可以为疾病的预防和治疗提供新的策略。随着研究的深入，未来可能会发现更多的关于这一信号通路的调控机制和治疗潜力。声明：发表/转载本文仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，并不意味着代表本公众号观点或证实其内容的真实性。据此内容作出的任何判断，后果自负。若有侵权，告知必删！长按关注本公众号粉丝群/投稿/授权/广告等请联系公众号助手觉得本文好看，请点这里↓