The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of consuming a probiotic on salivary, plaque, and tongue bacteria, as well as oral malodor (bad breath). Healthy volunteers will consume a probiotic powder, or a placebo powder, that is dissolved in water for 4 weeks.

开始日期2020-07-20

申办/合作机构

Dose Biosystems Inc.

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2021-07-01·Food and Chemical Toxicology2区 · 医学

Safety assessment of Streptococcus salivarius DB-B5 as a probiotic candidate for oral health

2区 · 医学

Article

作者: Li, Xuyao ; Marshall-Hudson, Allyson ; Naito, Mizue ; Fields, Francisco R ; Casser, Michael E ; Gross, Rebecca ; Ho, Manki

Streptococcus salivarius DB-B5 was previously isolated from the supragingival plaque of a healthy female adult and selected for development as a probiotic candidate for oral health. Probiotics are an important emerging therapeutic method for preventing, treating, and maintaining oral health. Although S. salivarius is a predominant member of the commensal oral microbiota and generally regarded as a safe species, it is recognized that each strain needs to be comprehensively assessed for safety. This study describes the in silico, in vitro, and clinical testing that were conducted to evaluate the safety of S. salivarius DB-B5. Both 16S rRNA and multi-gene phylogenetic reconstruction was used to confirm the taxonomic identity of this strain. Bioinformatic analysis of the genome demonstrated the absence of transmissible antibiotic resistance genes or virulence factors. Phenotypic testing further showed S. salivarius DB-B5 to be susceptible to clinically relevant antibiotics. S. salivarius DB-B5 displayed weak alpha-hemolysis, and does not produce biogenic amines. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, consumption of S. salivarius DB-B5 at 10 billion CFU/day for 4 weeks by healthy adults was safe and well-tolerated (ClinicalTrials.gov registry number NCT04492631). This work has indicated that S. salivarius DB-B5 is a safe probiotic candidate.

2020-10-01·Microbiology Resource Announcements

Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus salivarius DB-B5, a Novel Probiotic Candidate Isolated from the Supragingival Plaque of a Healthy Female Subject

Article

作者: Naito, Mizue ; Li, Xuyao ; Fields, Francisco R. ; Navarre, William W.

Streptococcus salivarius DB-B5 was isolated from the supragingival plaque of a healthy female subject. The complete 2.3-Mb genome consists of one circular chromosome, two circular plasmids (including a megaplasmid), and one linear phage-like episome. The genome possesses two separate loci encoding bacteriocins.

Nature Microbiology1区 · 生物学

The microbial gbu gene cluster links cardiovascular disease risk associated with red meat consumption to microbiota l-carnitine catabolism

1区 · 生物学

Article

作者: Fu, Xiaoming ; Dwidar, Mohammed ; Galvez, Rachel ; Zhu, Weifei ; Sangwan, Naseer ; McMillan, Amy ; Buffa, Jennifer A ; Hajjar, Adeline M ; Li, Lin ; Romano, Kymberleigh A ; Hazen, Stanley L ; Gerberick, G Frank ; Wang, Zeneng ; DiDonato, Joseph A ; Tang, W H Wilson ; Ward, Kathryn ; Bergeron, Nathalie ; Dai, Hong J ; Skye, Sarah ; Li, Xinmin S ; Copeland, Matthew F ; Garcia-Garcia, Jose Carlos ; Hu, Ping ; Parlov, Mirjana ; Koeth, Robert A ; Gogonea, Valentin ; Nemet, Ina ; Rey, Federico E ; Ferrell, Marc ; Krauss, Ronald M ; Weeks, Taylor L ; Wei, Xingtao ; Cody, David B

The heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk observed among omnivores is thought to be linked, in part, to gut microbiota-dependent generation of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) from L-carnitine, a nutrient abundant in red meat. Gut microbial transformation of L-carnitine into trimethylamine (TMA), the precursor of TMAO, occurs via the intermediate γ-butyrobetaine (γBB). However, the interrelationship of γBB, red meat ingestion and CVD risks, as well as the gut microbial genes responsible for the transformation of γBB to TMA, are unclear. In the present study, we show that plasma γBB levels in individuals from a clinical cohort (n = 2,918) are strongly associated with incident CVD event risks. Culture of human faecal samples and microbial transplantation studies in gnotobiotic mice with defined synthetic communities showed that the introduction of Emergencia timonensis, a human gut microbe that can metabolize γBB into TMA, is sufficient to complete the carnitine → γBB → TMA transformation, elevate TMAO levels and enhance thrombosis potential in recipients after arterial injury. RNA-sequencing analyses of E. timonensis identified a six-gene cluster, herein named the γBB utilization (gbu) gene cluster, which is upregulated in response to γBB. Combinatorial cloning and functional studies identified four genes (gbuA, gbuB, gbuC and gbuE) that are necessary and sufficient to recapitulate the conversion of γBB to TMA when coexpressed in Escherichia coli. Finally, reanalysis of samples (n = 113) from a clinical, randomized diet, intervention study showed that the abundance of faecal gbuA correlates with plasma TMAO and a red meat-rich diet. Our findings reveal a microbial gene cluster that is critical to dietary carnitine → γBB → TMA → TMAO transformation in hosts and contributes to CVD risk.

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