Wernicke's encephalopathy is a potentially lethal complication of thiamine deficiency which mainly occurs in chronic alcoholic patients. It may occur in other conditions like hyperemesis gravidarum too. Pregnancy may also be complicated with other neurological and cardiac complications. Here we present a rare case of hyperemesis gravidarum in a primigravida patient with twin pregnancy having Wernicke's encephalopathy, central pontine myelinolysis and recurrent supraventricular tachycardia. This 20-year-old lady had all the classic features of Wernicke's encephalopathy like confusion, nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia and ataxia. Empirical treatment was given with parenteral thiamine. MRI of the brain was suggestive of Wernicke's encephalopathy. She had transient dysphagia. MRI of the brain also revealed central pontine myelinolysis, which was the most likely cause of this dysphagia. With treatment, her condition improved significantly, supraventricular tachycardia was also corrected. This case warrants careful monitoring and treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum patients to prevent such complications.

2024-12-31·Indus Journal of Bioscience Research

Comparative Predictors of Long-Term Success in Mesh-Based versus Tissue-Only Hernia Repair: A Meta-Analysis

作者: Salman, Muhammad ; Khan, Uzair ; Akhtar, Ibrahim ; Saeed, Nadia ; Bangash, Rohail Khan ; Safiullah, Tahmeedah ; Khan, Zarmina ; Rehman, Haseena ; ullah, Asmat

Introduction: Hernia repair ranks among the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide, with two predominant approaches: mesh-based and tissue-only techniques. Mesh repairs, while effective in reducing recurrence rates, are associated with complications like chronic pain and foreign body reactions. Conversely, tissue-only repairs avoid these complications but tend to have higher recurrence rates, particularly in complex hernias. This study aims to evaluate long-term predictors of success for both techniques to inform optimal surgical decision-making. Objective: To compare prognostic factors for mesh-based versus tissue-only hernia repair, emphasizing recurrence rates, complications, and patient-specific outcomes. Methods: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies published between 2000 and 2024 was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Studies with a minimum follow-up of one year were included. Data were analyzed using random effects models to evaluate recurrence, complications, and patient characteristics. Results: Mesh-based repairs demonstrated significantly lower recurrence rates, particularly in patients with large hernias or higher BMI. Lighter-weight meshes were associated with reduced chronic pain. Tissue-only repairs were more suitable for younger, slimmer patients with smaller hernias, demonstrating fewer complications but higher recurrence rates in complex cases. The findings underscore the importance of tailoring the surgical approach to patient-specific factors. Conclusion: The results highlight the need for individualized surgical strategies in hernia repair. Mesh-based techniques are recommended for complex cases due to their lower recurrence rates, while tissue-only repairs are more suitable for young, low-risk patients. These insights can guide clinicians in selecting the most appropriate repair technique, improving patient outcomes and satisfaction. By focusing on long-term predictors of success, this study provides a comprehensive evaluation of mesh-based and tissue-only hernia repairs, offering valuable guidance for patient-centered surgical decision-making.

2024-12-31·Indus Journal of Bioscience Research

Evaluating the Iron Deficiency Anemia in Type-II Diabetic Patients Taking Metformin and its Association with Oxidative Stress

作者: Ahmed, Hateem ; Umer, Abdullah ; Parveen, Aamira ; Sarfraz, Junaid ; Qayyum, Rao Abdul ; Manan, Zarwa ; Qammar, Bilal

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide, particularly affecting vulnerable groups with chronic illnesses, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM, characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, impacts numerous physiological processes and is linked with increased oxidative stress. Objective: This study aims to examine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in T2DM patients taking metformin and to investigate its association with oxidative stress. Methodology: Conducted at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, this cross-sectional study took place from September 2023 to September 2024 and included 255 patients aged 30–70 years. Exclusion criteria were patients with chronic kidney disease, liver dysfunction, gastrointestinal disorders affecting nutrient absorption, or those taking iron supplements or medications influencing iron metabolism. Results: Among the participants, 40.9% (92 patients) were diagnosed with IDA, with a mean hemoglobin level of 11.5 g/dL. In contrast, 59.1% (133 patients) without IDA had a higher mean hemoglobin of 14.3 g/dL. IDA patients showed significantly elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels at 3.8 μmol/L, compared to 2.5 μmol/L in non-IDA patients (p < 0.05), suggesting increased lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant enzyme levels were also lower in the IDA group, with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) at 150 U/mL and 80 U/mL, respectively, versus 200 U/mL and 100 U/mL in non-IDA patients. Conclusion: This study concludes that iron deficiency anemia is common among T2DM patients on metformin and is significantly associated with increased oxidative stress

项与 Combined Military Hospital 相关的新闻（医药）

2025-01-02

·drugs

How do GLP-1s Boost Weight Loss, Heart Health?

THURSDAY, Jan. 2, 2024 -- Weight loss tops many folks’ list of New Years resolutions, and lots of people are turning to cutting-edge weight-loss drugs like Ozempic to help them drop excess pounds. These drugs, called glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), work in several different ways to help people lose weight, gain control over their blood sugar levels, and improve their heart health, a new study published in the journal Cureus says. GLP-1 drugs mimic a hormone secreted by the small intestine when people eat food. The drugs initially were approved as a treatment for type 2 diabetes because they help lower blood sugar levels. But subsequent studies found that GLP-1 drugs also help people lose weight. The new study noted the different means by which GLP-1 drugs act upon the body. Specifically, these drugs: “All these emerging benefits have made GLP-1 RAs an important pharmacological drug,” concluded the research team led by senior researcher Dr. Zahra Nazir with the Combined Military Hospital in Quetta, Pakistan. These emerging benefits have been discovered as a result of dozens of clinical trials and studies that have been conducted since the drug class was first discovered in the 1980s, researchers said. For example, prior studies found that GLP-1 drugs: “GLP-1 RAs’ distinct and unique mechanism of enhancing insulin release in response to glucose, increasing satiety, and slowing gastric emptying can be attributed to the previously mentioned benefits of weight management and glycemic control,” researchers wrote. “ Heart health benefits are even of interest; trials show that GLP-1 RAs decrease inflammatory markers, improve endothelial function, and decrease arterial stiffness,” they concluded. Ongoing studies are looking into whether GLP-1 drugs might also help patients with arthritis, headache, irritable bowel syndrome and neuropathic pain, researchers noted. Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

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