The triptans class of pharmaceuticals, which was created to treat acute migraine, is
made up of indole-containing drugs that bind to a subset (1B/1D) of 5-hydroxytryptamine
receptors and are agonists of serotonin receptors. At the moment, naratriptan, eletriptan,
zolmitriptan, rizatriptan, almotriptan, and frovatriptan are the seven types of triptans available on
the market. Among these are the FDA-approved triptans, Zolmitriptan and Sumatriptan, which
are selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) agonists. Zolmitriptan, a synthetic tryptamine
derivative and a well-known member of the triptan family, is available as an orally disintegrating
tablet, nasal spray, and tablet. There are melt formulations of rizatriptan and zolmitriptan
available on the market that are easier to use and absorb, comparable to regular pills. Recently,
the FDA approved zolmitriptan, a medication with tolerability comparable to sumatriptan.
Whereas zolmitriptan is only available as an oral melt or tablet, sumatriptan is available as a
nasal spray, oral preparation, or self-injectable kit. The only known antimigraine drugs that were
widely utilized before the triptan period were ergotamine and dihydroergotamine. However,
zolmitriptan binds to plasma proteins only 25% of the time because of significant first-pass
degradation. Researchers have looked into fresh ideas for solving this issue and innovations to
overcome its pharmacokinetic difficulties. This article emphasizes the role of zolmitriptan in the
treatment of migraines, highlighting its pharmacological properties, production, metabolism, and
structural features.