AbstractPURPOSECombined surgical strategy with both trans-cranial surgery and trans-sphenoid surgery is necessary for selected giant pituitary adenoma with both intra-cranial and intra-sphenoidal invasion. Cases of staged surgery were reviewed retrospectively to deeply investigate this treatment strategy.METHODSAdult cases received staged surgery were reviewed. Data regarding clinical presentation, laboratory tests, image examination, surgery details, and outcome were analyzed. The size and invasion was evaluated by pre-op MR and intra-op observation. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology examination. Literatures were reviewed.RESULTS8 NFPAs were included. 4 received trans-cranial resection first while the other 4 received trans-sphenoidal resection first. Time interval between two operations was 1–2 months. After the first surgery, the rate of visual defects and of pituitary hypofunction improvement were higher in trans-cranial first group. 1 apoplexy and 1 CSF rhinorrhea were observed in trans-sphenoidal first group. After the second surgery, the extend of resection and the rate of complete visual symptoms improvement were higher in trans-cranial first group. All pituitary hypofunction resolved completely in long-term follow-up. 11 literatures were reviewed.CONCLUSIONSAn appropriate surgical strategy is essential for selective pituitary adenoma requiring combined resection. For staged surgery cases, taking trans-cranial approach for first stage with trans-sphenoidal subsequently, comparing to the inverse resection order, would offer higher extent of resection with less recurrence, earlier and better symptom improvement, and less post-op complications after first stage. Further investigation is necessary.