Article
作者: Butler, Christopher R. ; Popiolek, Michael ; Uccello, Daniel ; Rossi, Amie ; Helal, Chris ; Smith, Deborah ; Ogilvie, Kevin ; Garst-Orozco, Jonathan ; Gilbert, Adam ; Edgerton, Jeremy ; Brodney, Michael A. ; Lazzaro, John ; O’Connor, Rebecca ; McAllister, Laura A. ; Beck, Elizabeth M. ; Kramer, Melissa ; Steppan, Claire ; Steyn, Stefanus J. ; Grimwood, Sarah ; Starr, Jeremy ; LaChapelle, Erik A. ; Lotarski, Susan ; Kozak, Rouba ; Mente, Scot ; Brown, Matthew
Selective activation of the M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype offers a novel strategy for the treatment of psychosis in multiple neurological disorders. Although the development of traditional muscarinic activators has been stymied due to pan-receptor activation, muscarinic receptor subtype selectivity can be achieved through the utilization of a subtype of a unique allosteric site. A major challenge in capitalizing on this allosteric site to date has been achieving a balance of suitable potency and brain penetration. Herein, we describe the design of a brain penetrant series of M4 selective positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), ultimately culminating in the identification of 21 (PF-06852231, now CVL-231/emraclidine), which is under active clinical development as a novel mechanism and approach for the treatment of schizophrenia.