In its analysis of all 40 of 2021’s debuts, Trinity Life Sciences identified several shifting trends in new drug launches, many of which tie into argenx’s Vyvgart’s success.
Treatments for autoimmune diseases and those in orphan markets are on the up and up, as are drugmakers’ first launches, according to the latest edition of Trinity Life Sciences’ annual Drug Index—a trio of factors that explain how argenx’s Vyvgart beat out dozens of other drugs and biologics approved by the FDA in 2021 to be named that year’s strongest launch.Trinity’s yearly reports take a retrospective look at the unique U.S. approvals from a few years prior. The index released this week homes in on 2021, when a total of 40 new therapeutics were greenlighted.To rank the meds, Trinity calculated three separate component scores for each drug, each on a scale of 0 to 5: perceived therapeutic value, commercial performance—factoring in sales in the first few years post-launch and how they compare to original expectations—and an assessment of R&D investment, based on the length and size of dedicated clinical trials. The resulting scores were combined into a single overall score, with the therapeutic and commercial scores given more weight than the R&D score.That equation led Vyvgart, argenx’s treatment for generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), to take the top spot, with an overall score of 3.9. Cabenuva, GSK’s long-acting HIV treatment, boasted a near-perfect therapeutic score, but it fell behind Vyvgart in both the commercial and R&D analyses to earn a 3.7 overall. Tied with Cabenuva for second place was Amgen’s Lumakras, which was approved in 2021 for non-small cell lung cancer and boasted impressive therapeutic and R&D scores, but fell behind both Vyvgart and Cabenuva in its commercial performance.Interestingly, Trinity found that many of the top drugs of 2021 failed to see commercial performance measure up to therapeutic value, with the cumulative three-year sales of the top five drugs of 2021 reaching $4.9 billion, compared to $7.3 billion for 2020’s top performers. The analysts suggested that this may be due to increasing market saturation, making it difficult for new drugs to beat out existing treatments in their indications.In a case study of its so-called “drug of the year,” Trinity noted that argenx was able to successfully secure market-leader status for Vyvgart soon after its launch thanks to its “safer, more efficacious and more convenient” profile than other existing gMG treatments, including AstraZeneca’s Soliris. The company also invested “heavily” in physician marketing and engagement both before the launch and in its first year to get prescribers on board, with a particular focus on high-volume prescribers “to establish a strong foundation that would help fend off competition backed by big pharmaceutical competitors.”That foundation has not only enabled Vyvgart to fend off newcomers in the gMG space, it has also set up the drug to potentially dominate additional markets, per Trinity. Argenx continues to study Vyvgart in myositis and thyroid eye disease and has secured approvals in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and primary immune thrombocytopenia, the latter of which has only been granted in Japan so far. Elsewhere in its analysis of all 40 of 2021’s market debuts, Trinity identified several shifting trends in new drug launches, many of which tie into Vyvgart’s success.For one, while oncology remained the most-represented category among 2021’s batch of approvals by far, at 33%, autoimmune diseases rose to second place, making up 18% of that year's approvals. Neurology meds dropped to third place, from a 16% share of approvals in 2020 to just 10% in 2021.Meanwhile, drugs targeting orphan markets—a category that includes Vyvgart, Sanofi’s Nexviazyme and Jazz Pharmaceuticals’ Rylaze in the 2021 group—“greatly outperformed forecasts,” per Trinity. Those targeting ultra-orphan markets, however, were less successful, as were those that launched in large or primary care markets, which Trinity attributed to “the inordinate impact” of the COVID-19 pandemic.Finally, Trinity also noted that first-launch companies saw greater success in 2021 than in previous years. In 2020, 100% of drugmakers saw their first launches underperform sales expectations in the first two years post-launch, while in 2021, one-third of first-launch drugs outperformed expectations. Successful first launches in 2021 include Vyvgart and Aveo Oncology’s Fotivda. The growing share of successful debuts “suggests that first-launch companies are becoming more successful at and/or are more capable in launching potential blockbuster drugs," according to Trinity.