更新于：2024-11-01

Obesity

肥胖

更新于：2024-11-01

基本信息

别名

Adiposity、Having too much body fat、OBESE

+ [24]

简介

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

关联

1,302

项与肥胖相关的药物

Elafibranor

靶点

PPARα x PPARδ

作用机制

PPARα激动剂 [+1]

在研机构

原研机构

在研适应症

非在研适应症

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

美国

首次获批日期2024-06-10

Liraglutide biosimilar (Zhongmei Huadong)

利拉鲁肽生物类似药 (中美华东)

靶点

GLP-1R

作用机制

GLP-1R激动剂

在研机构

杭州中美华东制药有限公司

原研机构

杭州中美华东制药有限公司

在研适应症

肥胖 [+1]

非在研适应症-

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

中国

首次获批日期2023-03-28

Fecal microbiota, live-jslm(University of Alberta)

靶点-

作用机制

细菌替代物 [+1]

在研机构

University of Alberta [+3]

原研机构

University of Alberta

在研适应症

复发性艰难梭菌感染 [+4]

非在研适应症

艰难梭菌结肠炎 [+5]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

美国

首次获批日期2022-11-30

16,132

项与肥胖相关的临床试验

NCT04300764 / Not yet recruitingN/AIIT

Gamification to Increase Mobility in the Hospital

Low mobility is a mediator for poor outcomes of hospital care. Wearable devices will be used and 2-way texting via patient smartphones to monitor patients' physical activity during hospitalization with and without gamification to improve patient adherence to existing guidance on recommended activity. After discharge, investigators will assess patient care utilization (SNF, inpatient vs home rehab, ED visits, readmission) and conduct validated surveys on patient function at 30 days after discharge.

开始日期2026-01-01

申办/合作机构

University of Pennsylvania

NCT06577545 / Not yet recruitingN/AIIT

Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Behavioural Intervention to Treat Obesity in Breast Cancer Survivors.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare a behavioural lifestyle intervention program (BL) to usual care (UC) in breast cancer survivors. The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. If the participants of the BL group will lose more weight than the UC group.
2. If the participants of the BL group will have more lifestyle benefits than the UC group.
Volunteers will participate in a 24-week behavioural program. This program aims to improve their nutrition and physical activity in order to lose at least 10% of their initial body weight.

开始日期2026-01-01

申办/合作机构

University of Thessaly

NCT04323423 / WithdrawnN/AIIT

Determining the Optimal Reduction in Sedentary Behaviour to Reduce Glycemic Variability and Maintain Cognition: a Randomized Control Trial

Rationale: Older adults spend the majority of their time in sedentary behaviours (SB). High amounts of SB have been correlated with reduced cognitive performance. Long periods of time spent sitting results in excessive glycemic variability, potentially contributing to cognitive decline. Reducing/replacing SB with short intermittent bouts of light physical activity have shown positive effects on glycemic variability. Thus, interrupting prolonged sitting with bouts of light physical activity may regulate blood glucose and thus mitigate cognitive decline.
Purpose: This study intends to investigate the appropriate interval frequency of post-prandial SB reduction, by light physical activity needed to optimize total and incremental area under the curve for glucose response in overweight older adults at risk for glucose intolerance with mild cognitive impairment in both lab and free-living environments. Second, this study aims to investigate the acute impact of reducing SB on glycemic variability and its relationship with cognition.
Hypothesis: First, there will be a dose-dependent response of more frequent interruptions of SB (more frequent intervals of light physical activity) with better glycemic control. Second, reducing SB will result in less glycemic variability, which will translate into better levels of cognitive performance.
Methods: Generalized linear mixed models with random intercepts will be used to evaluate the differential effects of the experimental conditions on the selected outcomes.

开始日期2025-12-01

申办/合作机构

University of Western Ontario

100 项与肥胖相关的临床结果

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100 项与肥胖相关的转化医学

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0 项与肥胖相关的专利（医药）

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350,465

项与肥胖相关的文献（医药）

2025-05-01·Neural Regeneration Research

Decoding the nexus: branched-chain amino acids and their connection with sleep, circadian rhythms, and cardiometabolic health

Article

作者: Li, Hui ; Seugnet, Laurent

The sleep-wake cycle stands as an integrative process essential for sustaining optimal brain function and, either directly or indirectly, overall body health, encompassing metabolic and cardiovascular well-being. Given the heightened metabolic activity of the brain, there exists a considerable demand for nutrients in comparison to other organs. Among these, the branched-chain amino acids, comprising leucine, isoleucine, and valine, display distinctive significance, from their contribution to protein structure to their involvement in overall metabolism, especially in cerebral processes. Among the first amino acids that are released into circulation post-food intake, branched-chain amino acids assume a pivotal role in the regulation of protein synthesis, modulating insulin secretion and the amino acid sensing pathway of target of rapamycin. Branched-chain amino acids are key players in influencing the brain’s uptake of monoamine precursors, competing for a shared transporter. Beyond their involvement in protein synthesis, these amino acids contribute to the metabolic cycles of γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate, as well as energy metabolism. Notably, they impact GABAergic neurons and the excitation/inhibition balance. The rhythmicity of branched-chain amino acids in plasma concentrations, observed over a 24-hour cycle and conserved in rodent models, is under circadian clock control. The mechanisms underlying those rhythms and the physiological consequences of their disruption are not fully understood. Disturbed sleep, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases can elevate branched-chain amino acid concentrations or modify their oscillatory dynamics. The mechanisms driving these effects are currently the focal point of ongoing research efforts, since normalizing branched-chain amino acid levels has the ability to alleviate the severity of these pathologies. In this context, the Drosophila model, though underutilized, holds promise in shedding new light on these mechanisms. Initial findings indicate its potential to introduce novel concepts, particularly in elucidating the intricate connections between the circadian clock, sleep/wake, and metabolism. Consequently, the use and transport of branched-chain amino acids emerge as critical components and orchestrators in the web of interactions across multiple organs throughout the sleep/wake cycle. They could represent one of the so far elusive mechanisms connecting sleep patterns to metabolic and cardiovascular health, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions.

2025-04-01·DEN Open

Sedative effects of propofol and risk factors for excessive sedation in the endoscopic treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases

Article

作者: Hagiwara, Yuya ; Hijioka, Susumu ; Sone, Miyuki ; Yagi, Shin ; Fukuda, Soma ; Hara, Hidenobu ; Chatto, Mark ; Morizane, Chigusa ; Takasaki, Tetsuro ; Saito, Yutaka ; Okamoto, Kouhei ; Agarie, Daiki ; Maruki, Yuta ; Yamashige, Daiki ; Nagashio, Yoshikuni ; Okusaka, Takuji

AbstractObjectivesThe safety and effectiveness of propofol in more complex endoscopic procedures, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, remain unknown. Thus, we aimed to evaluate propofol sedation during endoscopic cholangiopancreatography, ultrasound‐guided intervention, and gastroduodenal stenting and examine risk factors for excessive sedation.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 870 patients who underwent endoscopic treatment with propofol sedation for biliary and pancreatic disease between October 2020 and September 2021. Sedation included propofol and fentanyl, with continuous monitoring of vital signs and the bispectral index. The assessed risk factors included age, complications, body mass index, treatment duration, and specialty.ResultsDistal bile duct treatment (n = 367), hilar bile duct treatment (n = 197), post‐small‐intestinal reconstruction treatment (n = 75), endoscopic ultrasound‐guided intervention (n = 140), and gastrointestinal obstruction treatment (n = 91) were performed. The rates of excessive sedation, hypoxemia, and hypotension were 7.8%, 6.0%, and 1.8%, respectively. Post‐small‐intestinal reconstruction treatment had the highest incidence rate of excessive sedation (16%), whereas endoscopic ultrasound‐guided intervention had the lowest incidence rate (4.3%). Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between excessive sedation and comorbid sleep apnea, obesity, and prolonged procedural time.ConclusionsObesity, sleep apnea syndrome, and prolonged procedure time are risk factors for excessive sedation related to propofol use. Thus, sedation techniques should be tailored for these patients.

2025-04-01·Neural Regeneration Research

Role of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation along the liver–brain axis in animal models with obesity-induced neurodegeneration

Article

作者: Lo, Chih Hung ; Zeng, Jialiu ; Asimakidou, Evridiki ; Saipuljumri, Eka Norfaishanty

The interaction between metabolic dysfunction and inflammation is central to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Obesity-related conditions like type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exacerbate this relationship. Peripheral lipid accumulation, particularly in the liver, initiates a cascade of inflammatory processes that extend to the brain, influencing critical metabolic regulatory regions. Ceramide and palmitate, key lipid components, along with lipid transporters lipocalin-2 and apolipoprotein E, contribute to neuroinflammation by disrupting blood–brain barrier integrity and promoting gliosis. Peripheral insulin resistance further exacerbates brain insulin resistance and neuroinflammation. Preclinical interventions targeting peripheral lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathways have shown promise in reducing neuroinflammation in animal models. However, translating these findings to clinical practice requires further investigation into human subjects. In conclusion, metabolic dysfunction, peripheral inflammation, and insulin resistance are integral to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Understanding these complex mechanisms holds potential for identifying novel therapeutic targets and improving outcomes for neurodegenerative diseases.

11,201

项与肥胖相关的新闻（医药）

2024-10-31

·PRNewswire

Muse Health™ Partners with FlyteHealth to Increase Access to Medical Obesity Care

Visionary healthcare company adds obesity and chronic care management provider to its curated selection of market-tested services NEW CANAAN, Conn., Oct. 31, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Muse Health, a care navigation integrator of value-based benefits, has partnered with FlyteHealth to offer its members expert obesity care and chronic condition management. Muse Health's vertically integrated healthcare system is focused on an individual's whole health through interactions with healthcare providers in primary and specialty care. FlyteHealth delivers a comprehensive suite of clinical care, technology and support, reducing the complexity and cost of obesity and comorbid chronic conditions for employers and payers. As Muse Health and its clients identified the growing need for a new way to approach diabetes, hypertension and weight management, they conducted extensive market analysis and determined that FlyteHealth is the ideal partner to service its clients' employees/members. "The more complex the challenges encountered by our stakeholders, the more we require robust solutions. FlyteHealth's best-in-class medical obesity solution and their mission-focused management and operations team made them a perfect partner to optimize lifestyles around food and activity in a culturally concordant manner," said Muse Health CEO Ricardo Johnson II. "We are excited to work alongside FlyteHealth to accomplish this important work." Muse Health partners with payers, pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs), group employers, associations, and other entities to ensure that value-based benefits are cognizant of social determinants of health, racial equalities, gender fairness, and economic stabilization. The company identifies, assesses, and manages a suite of value-based benefit providers that align with its strategic, moral obligations. They also secure claims data from clients, leverage proprietary risk-stratification programs, and steer individuals (Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries, labor and group employees) to its vendor partners for services. As its portfolio vendor partners deliver their services, Muse Health manages collaborative strategies between its clients and vendor partners to reach individuals where they live in the manner that works best for them. "We are delighted to be part of the Muse Health virtual care ecosystem," said FlyteHealth CEO and co-founder Sloan Saunders. "We like the unique market approach Muse Health is taking to ensure that all individuals, including the most disadvantaged ones, have access to quality healthcare." For more information, contact: Ricardo Johnson II, CEO, Muse Health, [email protected] Gabe Castaneda, Chief Revenue Officer, FlyteHealth, [email protected] About Muse Health Muse Health provides an integrated health solution to our healthcare partners, working exclusively with payers, providers, and service entities to provide transformative solutions focused on underrepresented populations. Muse Health focuses on an individual's whole health and their engagement with healthcare providers in primary, secondary, and tertiary care markets. MUSE HEALTH technology platform is present in over 100 hospital systems and over a dozen payer networks. For more information, please visit About FlyteHealth FlyteHealth is obesity care that empowers you. Delivering a comprehensive suite of clinical care, technology, and support, FlyteHealth reduces the complexity and cost of obesity and its comorbid conditions for employers and payers. Based on the founders' decades of research and clinical care, FlyteHealth clinicians deliver the latest in personalized medication therapy and behavior coaching. The evidence-based treatment protocols enable individuals not only to lose weight and maintain weight loss long-term, but also to achieve significant improvements in outcomes related to diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and many other weight-related health complications. Through the Flyte Intelligence obesity treatment platform, FlyteHealth empowers healthcare providers with subject matter expertise and care navigation services. Drawing from the largest data set of obesity and chronic disease research, Flyte Intelligence enables delivery of the highest standard of patient care at scale. For more information, please visit . Contact: FlyteHealth Nicole Turgeon [email protected] (206) 295-2060 SOURCE FlyteHealth WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

2024-10-31

·生物探索

N Engl J Med | 司美格鲁肽（semaglutide）又有新发现：助力关节炎治疗

引言在全球范围内，肥胖已成为一场严重的公共卫生危机。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的数据，全球有超过6亿成年人被认定为肥胖，这一数字在过去几十年里持续增长。肥胖不仅影响外观和自尊，还与多种慢性疾病密切相关，包括心血管疾病、糖尿病以及骨关节炎（osteoarthritis）。关节炎作为肥胖的常见并发症，导致了许多人的生活质量显著下降。关节的疼痛和僵硬使患者难以进行日常活动，限制了他们的独立性和社交生活。最新的临床试验显示，司美格鲁肽（semaglutide），不仅可以帮助减轻体重，还能够显著缓解与肥胖相关的膝关节炎疼痛，提升患者的日常活动能力。这项研究在11个国家进行，标志着抗肥胖药物在治疗关节炎方面的重要进展，并为许多患者带来了新的希望。（10月30日 N Engl J Med “Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Persons with Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis”）骨关节炎是一种退行性关节疾病，通常表现为关节疼痛、肿胀和活动受限。膝关节是最常受影响的部位，尤其是在肥胖患者中。肥胖带来的过度机械压力和慢性炎症反应使得关节的软骨磨损加剧，从而导致疼痛和功能受限。根据研究，肥胖患者面临着更高的关节炎风险，约有30%的肥胖者在其一生中会发展为骨关节炎，而这一比例在肥胖程度较高的患者中更为显著。不仅如此，关节炎的疼痛和活动受限还会对患者的心理健康产生负面影响。许多患者因无法参与社交活动而感到孤独和抑郁，甚至影响到他们的工作和生活质量。这种心理负担常常会加重身体症状，使得患者陷入一种无法自拔的恶性循环：关节炎导致活动减少，活动减少又加重了肥胖，从而进一步加剧了关节炎的症状。此外，骨关节炎的管理通常需要长期的药物治疗和生活方式干预，这对许多患者来说是一个沉重的经济负担。根据统计，骨关节炎的治疗费用在每年数千美元到数万美元不等，这使得很多患者难以承受。为了改善这种状况，寻找有效的治疗方案显得尤为重要。该研究涵盖了约400名参与者，分布在五大洲。参与者被随机分配接受每周一次的司美格鲁肽注射或安慰剂注射，所有参与者还接受了健康饮食和运动的辅导。试验开始时，参与者的体重指数（BMI）均在肥胖范围内，疼痛评分在100分的量表上平均为71分，说明其疼痛水平较高，步行等基本活动均感到不适。经过68周的治疗，司美格鲁肽组的参与者体重平均减少了15%，而安慰剂组仅减少了5%。在疼痛评分方面，司美格鲁肽组的平均降幅为42分，显著高于安慰剂组的28分。此外，司美格鲁肽组的参与者在日常生活功能方面的改善也更为显著，特别是在爬楼梯、行走及其他身体活动上，表现出更好的能力。司美格鲁肽的疗效可能源于多个机制：减轻体重：体重的减少直接降低了膝关节的负担，从而减轻疼痛。抗炎作用：司美格鲁肽作为一种GLP-1受体激动剂（GLP-1 receptor agonist），不仅能够调节血糖，还具有抗炎特性，可能通过抑制炎症因子的释放来减轻关节炎症状。促进运动：疼痛的缓解使患者能够更积极地参与身体活动，这种积极的生活方式有助于维持体重和改善整体健康。尽管司美格鲁肽在短期内显示出了良好的疗效，但其长期使用的安全性和有效性仍需进一步研究。Bliddal医生提到：“患者是否需要长期依赖司美格鲁肽来管理疼痛？”因为一旦停止用药，体重可能会反弹，且药物费用较高，可能会对患者的经济状况造成负担。因此，专家建议，虽然抗肥胖药物能在一定程度上改善关节炎症状，但患者应结合生活方式的改变，以实现最佳效果。如：健康饮食：采用低卡路里、高纤维的饮食，减少糖分和脂肪的摄入，有助于减轻体重和改善整体健康。规律运动：低冲击的运动（如游泳、骑自行车）可以增强肌肉力量，改善关节功能，减少疼痛。心理支持：参与小组治疗或心理辅导，可以帮助患者应对因疾病带来的情绪困扰。该研究具有重要的临床意义。首先，司美格鲁肽的有效性为那些因肥胖而导致膝关节疼痛的患者提供了一种新的治疗选择，这可能会改变传统上对骨关节炎治疗的认知。其次，研究结果强调了肥胖和关节炎之间的复杂关系，揭示了体重管理在骨关节炎治疗中的重要性。通过有效减重，患者不仅能减轻关节压力，还能改善生活质量。此外，这项研究可能推动医疗机构重新评估抗肥胖药物的适应症，拓宽其在慢性病管理中的应用范围。司美格鲁肽的研究为肥胖与关节炎之间的关系提供了新的认识，也为临床治疗提供了新的希望。这项研究不仅显示了抗肥胖药物在减轻关节炎疼痛方面的潜力，还强调了结合生活方式干预的重要性。未来的研究或将进一步探讨药物的长期效果及其与生活方式改变的最佳结合策略，以帮助更多患者改善生活质量。参考文献 Bliddal H, Bays H, Czernichow S, et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Persons with Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med. 2024;391(17):1573-1583. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2403664 https://www-nature-com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/articles/d41586-024-03512-0 责编|探索君排版|探索君转载请注明来源于【生物探索】 End 往期精选围观一文读透细胞死亡(Cell Death) | 24年Cell重磅综述（长文收藏版）热文 Cell | 是什么决定了细胞的大小？热文 Nature | 2024年值得关注的七项技术热文 Nature | 自身免疫性疾病能被治愈吗？科学家们终于看到了希望热文 CRISPR技术进化史 | 24年Cell 综述

临床结果孤儿药

2024-10-31

·生物探索

Science丨肠道菌拥有让人意想不到的化学能力

引言肠道菌群与人体的健康有着密切的关系，涉及免疫、营养以及多种疾病的调控。它们通过与人体的共生作用，影响着免疫系统的发育和功能，增强人体对病原体的抵抗力。此外，肠道菌群还参与了营养物质的代谢，帮助消化食物中的复杂碳水化合物，产生对人体有益的代谢物，如短链脂肪酸。同时，肠道菌群的失衡与肥胖、糖尿病、炎症性肠病等多种慢性疾病的发生密切相关。这些肠道菌的作用，主要是通过它们对肠道化学环境的调控来完成的。目前肠道菌群中哪些菌有具体的哪些化学调控能力还有很大的空白。 2024 年 10 月 25 日，美国圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院Jeff Gordon团队的程基业教授在 Science 期刊发表题为：A human gut Faecalibacterium prausnitzii fatty acid amide hydrolase的研究论文。该研究发现了一类新的细菌蛋白酶可以调控人体肠道中的內源性大麻素，为理解肠道菌群如何通过化学调控来和人体对话提供了更新的视角。研究使用了来自孟加拉儿童的13或14种基因组测序肠道菌株组成的微生物群落，将它们引入无菌小鼠体内。结果显示，含有Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F.prausnitzii) 的群落的小鼠体内，N-酰基乙醇胺（NAEs）的水平显著降低，尤其是油酰乙醇胺（OEA）。这表明F.prausnitzii可能通过其特异性的酶来调控NAEs的降解。N-酰基乙醇胺（NAEs）在人体中扮演着重要的生理角色，对代谢调节、食欲控制、炎症反应和疼痛管理等方面具有重要作用。OEA是一种饱腹感因子，通过激活特定的受体来减少食物摄入，从而有助于调节体重。在体内，N-酰基乙醇胺（NAEs）的水平和活性主要受到一种叫做脂肪酸酰胺水解酶（FAAH, Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase）的酶的调控。此前还从未发现过细菌有此类似的FAAH能够调控NAEs。（Credit: Science）研究者通过运用现代生物信息学和传统生物化学手段，对F.prausnitzii的蛋白分离和基因分析，发现了一个候选基因，该基因在大肠杆菌中表达后，纯化的蛋白能够合成并水解多种N-酰基化合物，此结果确认并首次发现了微生物脂肪酸酰胺水解酶（FAAH）。微生物FAAH的蛋白序列和二级结构与人体FAAH都截然不同。在功能上和人体FAAH相比，微生物FAAH展现出了更广泛的水解能力，能水解包括对人体具有毒性的群体感应代谢物。微生物FAAH还展现出双向催化活性，能与不同多种脂肪酸和胺类化合物合成脂肪酸酰胺，表现出独特的合成和水解功能。模式图（Credit: Science）精氨酸是这种微生物FAAH酶在合成活性中最偏爱的胺类底物，合成产物油酰精氨酸从未报道过的全新化合物，通过细胞模型实验，研究发现油酰精氨酸和油酰组氨酸，能够激活特定的核激素和G蛋白偶联受体。向无菌小鼠口服这些N-酰基氨基酸，结果显示肠道免疫相关通路的表达水平显著降低。进一步分析孟加拉营养不良儿童的粪便样本，发现接受MDCF-2治疗后的OEA水平显著降低，与F.prausnitzii菌FAAH基因的表达呈负相关。这些结果表明，F.prausnitzii菌FAAH在肠道中对活性N-酰基化合物的调控具有重要作用。这个研究开启了一个新的微生物肪酸酰胺酶FAAH的研究方向，增添了肠道中N-酰基乙醇胺人体与肠道菌共治的证据。调控肠道微生物FAAH的合成或水解活性，可能对包括营养不良在内的多种疾病的治疗具有潜在的应用价值。参考文献 http://doi.org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/10.1126/science.ado6828 责编|探索君排版|探索君来源|BioArt End 往期精选围观一文读透细胞死亡(Cell Death) | 24年Cell重磅综述（长文收藏版）热文 Cell | 是什么决定了细胞的大小？热文 Nature | 2024年值得关注的七项技术热文 Nature | 自身免疫性疾病能被治愈吗？科学家们终于看到了希望热文 CRISPR技术进化史 | 24年Cell综述

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