A Phase II Study of Active Immunotherapy With GRNVAC1, Autologous Mature Dendritic Cells Transfected With mRNA Encoding Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase, in Patients With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in Complete Clinical Remission

This is a phase II study to evaluate the safety, feasibility and efficacy of immunotherapy with GRNVAC1 in patients with AML.

开始日期2007-07-01

申办/合作机构

Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc.

100 项与 VAC-1(Wuchan Zhongda Geron) 相关的临床结果

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100 项与 VAC-1(Wuchan Zhongda Geron) 相关的转化医学

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100 项与 VAC-1(Wuchan Zhongda Geron) 相关的专利（医药）

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250

项与 VAC-1(Wuchan Zhongda Geron) 相关的文献（医药）

2025-12-01·Molecular Biology Reports

Exosome-based cancer vaccine: a cell-free approach

Review

作者: Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan ; Kalele, Ketki ; Das, Asmit ; Sonar, Swarup

Despite advancements in medical research, cancer remains a significant and persistent cause of death globally. Cancer vaccine, a novel approach, holds immense promise in development of potentially effective cancer treatment. While the concept of developing cancer vaccines has been explored for decades, significant challenges have hindered their clinical translation. Recent researchers have introduced exosomes as the key element for novel cell-free approach of cancer vaccines. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle (EVs) secreted by various cells. These tiny structures can transport and deliver important biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and immune-stimulatory molecules, to stimulate the body's anti-tumor immune response. Their biocompatibility, targeting ability, immunogenicity, and a notable capacity to cross biological barriers nominate them as promising candidates for cancer vaccine development by addressing current challenges in cancer therapy. This review explores the current state of knowledge on the efficacy of exosomes from various sources for personalized cancer vaccine development, preclinical and clinical evaluations, along with the strategies to optimize immunogenicity and antigen presentation. We also discuss the challenges and potential solutions for overcoming tumor microenvironment-related hurdles, highlighting the promise of exosome-based approaches for cancer immunotherapy by developing a novel cell-free cancer vaccine in future.

2025-04-01·Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

Key considerations for a prostate cancer mRNA vaccine

Review

作者: Saha, Chayanika ; McCarthy, Helen O ; Dunne, Nicholas J ; Elkashif, Ahmed ; Lin, Guanjie ; Coulter, Jonathan A

Prostate cancer has the second highest cancer mortality rate in the UK in males. Early prostate cancer is typically asymptomatic, with diagnosis at a locally advanced or metastatic stage. In addition, the inherent heterogeneity of prostate cancer tumours differs significantly in terms of genetic, molecular, and histological features. The successful treatment of prostate cancer is therefore exceedingly challenging. Immunotherapies, particularly therapeutic vaccines, have been widely used in preclinical and clinical studies to treat various cancers. Sipuleucel-T was the first cancer vaccine approved by the FDA for the treatment of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), ushering in a new era of immunotherapy. In this review, the latest immunotherapy strategies for prostate cancer are considered with key tumour-associated antigens (TAA) and tumour-specific antigens (TSA) highlighted. The key components of mRNA vaccines include in vitro transcription, stability, and immunogenicity. Finally, strategies to circumvent in vivo mRNA degradation and approaches to optimise in vitro transcription (IVT) process are also discussed.

2025-02-12·ArXiv

Cancer Vaccine Adjuvant Name Recognition from Biomedical Literature using Large Language Models.

Article

作者: McGregor, Brett ; Jemiyo, Christianah ; Özgür, Arzucan ; Zheng, Jie ; Bansal, Benu ; Rehana, Hasin ; Hur, Junguk ; Yeh, Leo ; He, Yongqun ; Çam, Nur Bengisu

MotivationAn adjuvant is a chemical incorporated into vaccines that enhances their efficacy by improving the immune response. Identifying adjuvant names from cancer vaccine studies is essential for furthering research and enhancing immunotherapies. However, the manual curation from the constantly expanding biomedical literature poses significant challenges. This study explores the automated recognition of vaccine adjuvant names using state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPT) and Large Language Model Meta AI (Llama).MethodsWe utilized two datasets: 97 clinical trial records from AdjuvareDB and 290 PubMed abstracts annotated with the Vaccine Adjuvant Compendium (VAC). Two LLMs, GPT-4o and Llama 3.2 were employed in zero-shot and few-shot learning paradigms with up to four examples per prompt. Prompts explicitly targeted adjuvant names, testing the impact of contextual information such as substances or interventions. Outputs underwent automated and manual validation for accuracy and consistency.ResultsGPT-4o consistently attained 100% Precision across all situations, while also exhibiting notable enhancements in Recall and F1-scores, particularly with the incorporation of interventions. On the VAC dataset, GPT-4o achieved a maximum F1-score of 77.32% with interventions, surpassing Llama-3.2-3B by approximately 2%. On the AdjuvareDB dataset, GPT-4o reached an F1-score of 81.67% for three-shot prompting with interventions, surpassing Llama-3.2-3B's maximum F1-score of 65.62%. These results highlight the critical role of contextual information in enhancing model performance, with GPT-4o demonstrating a superior ability to leverage this enrichment.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that LLMs excel at accurately identifying adjuvant names, including rare and novel variations of naming representation. This study emphasizes the capability of LLMs to enhance cancer vaccine development by efficiently extracting insights from clinical trial data. Future work aims to broaden the framework to encompass a wider array of biomedical literature and enhance model generalizability across various vaccines and adjuvants.AvailabilitySource code is available at https://github.com/hurlab/Vaccine-Adjuvant-LLM.

100 项与 VAC-1(Wuchan Zhongda Geron) 相关的药物交易

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