Despite the extensive use of biochar (BC) in soil and aqueous media for pollutant immobilization, the environmental behaviors and health risks of aged BC with multiple pollutants, especially with metal ions possessing various valence states, remain unexplored. Here, we prepared fresh banana peel BC (BP-BC) and aged BP-BCs by acidification (ABP-BC) and oxidation (OBP-BC). ABP-BC was then chosen to explore its environmental behaviors (i.e., adsorption, desorption, and arsenic valence transfer) towards As(III)-Cu(II) and the combined cytotoxicity of BCs with As(III)-Cu(II) was investigated in Human Gastric epithelium cells (GES-1). Our results demonstrate that the aging process notably alters the physicochemical properties of BP-BC, including surface morphology, elemental composition, and surface functional groups, which are key factors affecting the long-term environmental behaviors of BC with As(III)/Cu(II). Specifically, the aging process significantly enhanced the adsorption of As(III) on BC but reduced the adsorption of Cu(II). Although the oxidation of As(III) to As(V) did not change much, the aging process improved the stability of ABP-BC-metal ion complexes, alleviating the release of As(III) in acidic solution. Consequently, the combined cytotoxicity induced by ABP-BC-As(III)-Cu(II) was reduced compared to BP-BC-As(III)-Cu(II). The study highlights the critical roles of the aging process in regulating the As(III) adsorption/desorption dynamics on BCs and their combined cytotoxicity in the presence of multiple metal ions.

2024-01-01·Journal of ginseng research

Panaxcerol D from Panax ginseng ameliorates the memory impairment induced by cholinergic blockade or Aβ25–35 peptide in mice

Article

作者: Jung, Seo Yun ; Kang, Woo Chang ; Jang, Dae Sik ; Cho, Kyungnam ; Kong, Chang Hyeon ; Kim, Ranhee ; Jeon, Mijin ; Ryu, Jong Hoon ; Park, Keontae

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has memory impairment associated with aggregation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Although anti-amyloid β (Aβ) protein antibody and chemical drugs can be prescribed in the clinic, they show adverse effects or low effectiveness. Therefore, the development of a new drug is necessarily needed. We focused on the cognitive function of Panax ginseng and tried to find active ingredient(s). We isolated panaxcerol D, a kind of glycosyl glyceride, from the non-saponin fraction of P. ginseng extract.

Methods:

We explored effects of acute or sub-chronic administration of panaxcerol D on cognitive function in scopolamine- or Aβ_25-35 peptide-treated mice measured by several behavioral tests. After behavioral tests, we tried to unveil the underlying mechanism of panaxcerol D on its cognitive function by Western blotting.

Results:

We found that pananxcerol D reversed short-term, long-term and object recognition memory impairments. The decreased extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) or Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in scopolamine-treated mice was normalized by acute administration of panaxcerol D. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), caspase 3, NF-kB p65, synaptophysin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression levels in Aβ_25-35 peptide-treated mice were modulated by sub-chronic administration of panaxcerol D.

Conclusion:

Pananxcerol D could improve memory impairments caused by cholinergic blockade or Aβ accumulation through increased phosphorylation level of ERK or its anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, panaxcerol D as one of non-saponin compounds could be used as an active ingredient of P. ginseng for improving cognitive function.

2023-11-07·Neurology

Eligibility for Anti-Amyloid Treatment in a Population-Based Study of Cognitive Aging

Article

作者: Castillo, Anna M. ; Vemuri, Prashanthi ; Vassilaki, Maria ; Graff-Radford, Jonathan ; Ramanan, Vijay K. ; Knopman, David S. ; Jack, Clifford R. ; Pittock, Rioghna R. ; Petersen, Ronald C. ; Kremers, Walter K. ; Aakre, Jeremiah A. ; Lowe, Val J.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Treatment options for Alzheimer disease (AD) are limited and have focused mainly on symptomatic therapy and improving quality of life. Recently, lecanemab, an anti-β-amyloid monoclonal antibody (mAb), received accelerated approval by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment in the early stages of biomarker-confirmed symptomatic AD. An additional anti-β-amyloid mAb, aducanumab, was approved in 2021, and more will potentially become available in the near future. Research on the applicability and generalizability of the anti-β-amyloid mAb eligibility criteria on adults with biomarkers available in the general population has been lacking. The study's primary aim was to apply the clinical trial eligibility criteria for lecanemab treatment to participants with early AD of the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA) and assess the generalizability of anti-amyloid treatment. The secondary aim of this study was to apply the clinical trial eligibility criteria for aducanumab treatment in MCSA participants.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study aimed to apply the clinical trial eligibility criteria for lecanemab and aducanumab treatment to participants with early AD of the population-based MCSA and assess the generalizability of anti-amyloid treatment.

RESULTS:

Two hundred thirty-seven MCSA participants (mean age [SD] 80.9 [6.3] years, 54.9% male, and 97.5% White) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia and increased brain amyloid burden by PiB PET comprised the study sample. Lecanemab trial's inclusion criteria reduced the study sample to 112 (47.3% of 237) participants. The trial's exclusion criteria further narrowed the number of potentially eligible participants to 19 (overall 8% of 237). Modifying the eligibility criteria to include all participants with MCI (instead of applying additional cognitive criteria) resulted in 17.4% of participants with MCI being eligible for lecanemab treatment. One hundred four participants (43.9% of 237) fulfilled the aducanumab clinical trial's inclusion criteria. The aducanumab trial's exclusion criteria further reduced the number of available participants, narrowing those eligible to 12 (5.1% of 237). Common exclusions were related to other chronic conditions and neuroimaging findings.

DISCUSSION:

Findings estimate the limited eligibility in typical older adults with cognitive impairment for anti-β-amyloid mAbs.

项与 KG-207 相关的新闻（医药）

2022-06-06

·GlobeNewswire-Health Care

XORTX Welcomes New Member to the Board of Directors and Appoints Chair

CALGARY, Alberta, June 06, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- XORTX Therapeutics Inc. ("XORTX" or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: XRTX | TSXV: XRTX | Frankfurt: ANU), a late stage clinical pharmaceutical company focused on developing innovative therapies to treat progressive kidney disease, is pleased to welcome and appoint Mr. Anthony Giovinazzo to the Board of Directors and as Chair of the Board. Dr. Allen Davidoff, CEO of XORTX stated, “I am pleased to welcome Anthony to the board of directors and as Chair of the Board. Mr. Giovinazzo’s experience speaks for itself with decades of industry experience, including extensive patent portfolio building, pharmaceutical industry partnering, technology commercialization and company building experience. As Chair and a key member of the board of directors we believe that Anthony’s contributions will further strengthen XORTX’s ability to grow a high value pharmaceutical company.” Mr. Anthony Giovinazzo stated, “I am delighted to join the board of XORTX and to become its Chair. The Company is pursuing a repositioning of a previously Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) reviewed drug for certain kidney diseases that is about to start a Phase 3 registration trial, a shorter and manageable process under the FDA Act, 505 (b) (2) regulatory path. In addition to designing a well thought out Phase 3 trial, Allen and his team have also chosen to undertake a dialogue with the FDA, through a Special Protocol Assessment to align the Company’s path to potential approvability with the FDA’s approvable endpoints." About Anthony Giovinazzo Mr. Anthony J. Giovinazzo, MBA, C.Dir. and A.C.C., has 43 years of total work experience, is an internationally recognized expert in intellectual property, drug development and commercialization, including numerous licensing agreements, with more than 25 years’ experience in Central Nervous System diseases. He was most recently, the co-inventor, Chief Executive Officer and Director of Cynapsus Therapeutics, a NASDAQ listed specialty pharmaceutical company that developed the first successful sublingual apomorphine thin film strip for Parkinson’s disease. The drug today known as Kynmobi, was approved for commercialization by the FDA on May 21, 2020. On June 15, 2020, Health Canada approved Kynmobi for sale in Canada. Mr. Giovinazzo was a co-inventor of the drug, built the leadership team, set the strategy, raised US $136 million including an over-subscribed IPO and NASDAQ listing. He led the negotiations with several pharmaceutical companies that resulted in the CAD $841 million all cash acquisition by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals (Dainippon Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals), a 120% premium to market close on the day of announcement. Mr. Giovinazzo is the current Executive Chair of Kalgene Inc., a Canadian/American private specialty pharmaceutical company focused on Alzheimer’s disease. Kalgene’s lead program KG207 is currently being evaluated as a potential best-in-class drug candidate for early to moderate Alzheimer’s. KG207 is currently an injection of a man made large molecule that has been engineered to have significant penetration into the brain, to significantly reduce/eliminate brain hemorrhaging (a serious side effect of monoclonal antibodies approved and in development) for Alzheimer’s, and to selectively scavenge Toxic Oligomers (the known species of human proteins that kill neurons in the memory cascade). He is also a director of Titan Medical Inc., a developer of the Enos System, a robotics assisted single port surgery system. Mr. Giovinazzo is the co-author of several peer reviewed papers and author of several papers on strategic and financing issues in the biopharmaceutical industry. During his career he was involved in several licensing and M&A transactions. In addition, he has raised in excess of US $825 million in private and public equity. In 2014, he was a Canadian finalist in Life Sciences for the E&Y Entrepreneur of the Year and in 2017, he was the recipient of the Finance Monthly Game Changers award as well as having been chosen as the inaugural recipient of the Bloom Burton Award, which honors a single winner from several candidates, as the best of the best in Canadian Life Sciences as judged by a panel of US experts. He is a Chartered Director and Audit Committee Certified, both from The Directors College, a degree granting affiliate of McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario. He also completed the Leadership and Strategy in Pharmaceuticals and Biotech from Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts in 2006, a Masters of Business Administration from IMD, Geneva, Switzerland in 1986, a Graduate Certificate Studies in Canadian Law from Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, Toronto, Ontario in 1984, and a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Accounting from McMaster University in 1978. Contemporaneous with this appointment, XORTX also announces that it has granted in accordance with the Company’s stock option plan an aggregate of 394,822 options to purchase common shares of the Company, 150,000 to Anthony Giovinazzo, 94,822 to Allen Davidoff and 30,000 to each of Paul Van Damme, Bill Farley, Ian Klassen, Jaqueline Le Saux and Raymond Pratt. The options granted are exercisable at $1.60 for a period of five years. About XORTX Therapeutics Inc. XORTX Therapeutics Inc. is a pharmaceutical company with two clinically advanced products in development – XRx-008 for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD), XRx-101 for acute kidney and other acute organ injury associated with Coronavirus / COVID-19 infection and XRx-225 is a pre-clinical stage program for Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy (T2DN). XORTX is working to advance its clinical development stage products that target aberrant purine metabolism and xanthine oxidase to decrease or inhibit production of uric acid. At XORTX, we are dedicated to developing medications to improve the quality of life and future health of patients. Additional information on XORTX is available at www.xortx.com. For further information, please contact: Allen Davidoff, CEONick Rigopulos, Director of Communications adavidoff@xortx.com or +1 403 455 7727nick@alpineequityadv.com or +1 617 901 0785 The TSX Venture Exchange and Nasdaq have neither approved nor disapproved the contents of this news release. No stock exchange, securities commission or other regulatory authority has approved or disapproved the information contained herein. Forward Looking Statements This press release may contain express or implied forward-looking statements pursuant to Canadian and U.S. Federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements and their implications are based on the current reasonable expectations of the management of XORTX only, and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in such forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise required by law, XORTX undertakes no obligation to publicly release any revisions or updates to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. More detailed information about the risks and uncertainties affecting XORTX is contained in the Company’s most recently filed Annual Information Form and the Management Discussion and Analysis for its most recent financial reporting period filed on the Company’s SEDAR profile (www.sedar.com) and under the heading “Risk Factors” in XORTX’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) available on the SEC's website, www.sec.gov.

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100 项与 KG-207 相关的药物交易

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