Although amyloid β protein (Aβ) has been recognized as one of the main pathological characteristics in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the effective strategies against Aβ neurotoxicity are still deficient up to now. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a natural gut hormone, was found to be effective in modulating insulin signaling and neural protection, but short half-life limited its clinical application in AD treatment. CJC-1131, a newly designed GLP-1 analogue with very longer half-life, has shown good effectiveness in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is unclear whether CJC-1131 could alleviate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in cognitive behavior and electrophysiological property. The present study investigated the effects of CJC-1131 on the Aβ-induced impairments in spatial memory and synaptic plasticity of rats by using Morris water maze test and in vivo field potential recording. The results showed that Aβ1-42-induced increase in the escape latency of rats in hidden platform test and decrease in swimming time percent in target quadrant were effectively reversed by CJC-1131 pretreatment. Further, CJC-1131 prevented against Aβ1-42-induced suppression of hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP). In addition, Aβ1-42 injection resulted in a significant decrease of p-PKA in the hippocampus, which was effectively prevented by CJC-1131 treatment. These results indicated that CJC-1131 protected the cognitive function and synaptic plasticity of rats against Aβ-induced impairments, suggesting that GLP-1 analogue CJC-1131 might be potentially beneficial to the prevention and treatment of AD, especially those with T2DM or blood glucose abnormality.

2010-04-01·Current diabetes reports2区 · 医学

Once-Weekly GLP-1 Agonists: How Do They Differ from Exenatide and Liraglutide?

2区 · 医学

Review

作者: Filip K. Knop ; Mikkel Christensen

Incretin mimetics offer a new modality in diabetes treatment. This modality is based on the effects of the naturally occurring glucoregulatory gut hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which counteracts several pathophysiologic traits in type 2 diabetes. GLP-1 receptor agonists with extended half-lives entailing fewer injections and presumably an improved throughout-the-day glycemic control are in clinical development. This article summarizes the physiologic effects of GLP-1; the effects of the already marketed GLP-1 analogues for daily dosing, exenatide and liraglutide; and reviews the presently published data (with emphasis on clinical pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety) on GLP-1 agonists, which currently are in development and intended for once-weekly dosing: albiglutide/albugon, CJC-1131, CJC-1134-PC, exenatide once weekly, and taspoglutide.

2008-09-01·International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics4区 · 医学

Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a novel long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, CJC-1131, in healthy and diabetic subjects

4区 · 医学

Article

作者: Tiessen, R. G. ; van Vliet, A. A. ; Kruizinga, H. H. ; Nemansky, M. ; Dreyfus, J. F. ; Castaigne, J. P.

OBJECTIVE:

The safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and preliminary pharmacodynamics of single rising doses of a novel GLP-1 analog, CJC-1131, was evaluated.

METHODS:

CJC-1131 was subcutaneously injected in 8 groups (1.5 - 20.5 microg/kg) of healthy subjects (each group of six subjects included 1 placebo per dose level). CJC-1131 was also injected subcutaneously in 6 groups (1.5 - 12 microg/kg) of Type 2 diabetic patients after a 9-day washout period from their own anti-diabetic medication. Each group of 8 patients included 2 placebo-treated patients. Seven blood glucose measurements were taken daily, and meal tolerance tests were performed on the day before dosing and on Day 3.

RESULTS:

CJC-1131 was quickly absorbed from the subcutaneous space, and a less than dose-proportional increase was found in Cmax. The half-life of CJC-1131 varied from 8.9 - 14.7 days in healthy subjects and from 9.1 - 13.8 days in patients. The maximum tolerated dose in healthy subjects was established at 12 microg/kg with nausea and vomiting being the dose-limiting events. These events occurred generally in the morning after dosing. Blood glucose levels in patients decreased on Day 1 in proportion with dose, with a maximum average decrease of 4.1 mmol/l in the highest dose group. Higher doses appeared to be related to a slight weight loss in patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Conjugation to albumin led to a major prolongation of the half-life of GLP-1. The tolerability of this potential antidiabetic drug seems to be limited only by gastrointestinal complaints.

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