更新于：2024-11-21

Hydrocodone Bitartrate/Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride

重酒石酸氢可酮/盐酸苯丙醇胺

更新于：2024-11-21

概要

概要

基本信息

药物类型

小分子化药

别名

Codamine、Hycomine

靶点

ADRA1 x D1 receptor x GR x α2A-AR x β1-adrenergic receptor x β2-adrenergic receptor

作用机制

ADRA1激动剂(肾上腺素能受体α-1家族激动剂)、D1 receptor部分激动剂(多巴胺D1受体部分激动剂)、GR激动剂(糖皮质激素受体激动剂)

+ [3]

治疗领域

心血管疾病呼吸系统疾病

在研适应症

咳嗽充血

非在研适应症-

原研机构-

在研机构-

非在研机构-

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批日期-

最高研发阶段(中国)-

特殊审评-

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结构

分子式C21H30O5

InChIKeyJYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N

CAS号50-23-7

查看全部结构式(2)

关联

100 项与重酒石酸氢可酮/盐酸苯丙醇胺相关的临床结果

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100 项与重酒石酸氢可酮/盐酸苯丙醇胺相关的转化医学

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100 项与重酒石酸氢可酮/盐酸苯丙醇胺相关的专利（医药）

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项与重酒石酸氢可酮/盐酸苯丙醇胺相关的文献（医药）

2006-03-01·Journal of Forensic Sciences4区 · 医学

Neutral Heroin Impurities from Tetrahydrobenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids

4区 · 医学

Article

作者: Ellen Casale ; David R. Morello ; Samuel D. Cooper ; Patrick A. Hays ; Steven G. Toske ; John F. Casale

ABSTRACT: Laudanosine, reticuline, codamine, and laudanine are members of the tetrahydrobenzylisoquinoline family of natural products. These alkaloids are present in the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and are subsequently found as impurities in clandestinely processed morphine. Morphine is then synthesized to heroin using hot acetic anhydride. During the course of this study, it was determined that these four tetrahydrobenzylisoquinolines undergo degradation to a series of 18 neutral impurities when subjected to hot acetic anhydride. Based on the degradation pathway, these new impurities were categorized into two sets of impurities called the C1‐acetates compounds and the stilbene compounds. Synthesis, isolation, and structural elucidation information is provided for the tetrahydrobenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, and the new neutral impurities have been studied. Several hundred authentic heroin samples were analyzed using an established heroin signature program method. This methodology features the detection of trace neutral impurities present in heroin samples. It was determined that all 18 new impurities were detected in various quantities in four different types of heroin samples. Analytical results featuring these new impurities are reported for South American‐, Southwest Asian‐, Mexican‐, and Southeast Asian‐type heroin samples. These new impurities, coupled with other established forensic markers, enhance the ability to classify illicit heroin samples.

2004-05-01·Forensic Science International3区 · 医学

The GC–MS detection and characterization of reticuline as a marker of opium use

3区 · 医学

ArticleOA

作者: M.H Juma’a ; B.M El-Haj ; R.M Smith ; A.M Al-Amri

Reticuline (a precursor of opium alkaloids) was detected and characterised as its trimethylsilyl ethers, acetyl esters and methyl ethers by GC-EIMS and GC-CIMS in opium and the urine of opium users after hydrolysis by acid or beta-glucuronidase as coextractive of morphine. Because this compound cannot be detected in heroin and poppy seeds, it is suggested as a differentiating marker between opium and heroin use, opium and poppy seeds use, or opium and "pharmaceutical" codeine use in cases when opiate use has been confirmed by detection of morphine and codeine in the urine. As well as being a constituent of opium, reticuline in the urine of opium users may also result from the metabolic demethylation of the three other benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline opium alkaloids: codamine, laudanosine and laudanine.

2004-03-01·Forensic Science International3区 · 医学

The GC–MS detection and characterization of reticuline as a marker of opium use

3区 · 医学

ArticleOA

作者: Al-Amri, A. M. ; El-Haj, B. M. ; Smith, R. M. ; Juma'a, M. H.

100 项与重酒石酸氢可酮/盐酸苯丙醇胺相关的药物交易

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