Antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, are frequently found in aquatic environments, making their detection and removal crucial from both an environmental and health perspective. In this study, a CeFe2O4 spinel was combined with CeO2 to give a new composite material (CFO), which was then supported by carbon nanofibers (CNFs). This CFO-CNFs composite facilitated the selective and sensitive electrochemical detection of sparfloxacin, a third-generation fluoroquinolone. A linear concentration range extending from 0.06 to 240 μM with a limit of detection of 49.0 nM and a sensitivity of 0.524 μA μM-1 cm-2 were observed. Excellent selectivity in the presence of various inorganic ions, commonly found in aquatic systems, was achieved, while good recovery (90.4-96.2 %) from real water samples was also evident. The CFO with additional CeO2 was immobilised onto carbon cloth, a sustainable and environmentally acceptable substrate, and successfully used in the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to generate radical species that degraded the sparfloxacin. The optimal removal was seen at a pH of 7.0, with a first-order rate constant of 0.075 min-1 in 0.1 mM PMS and 50 μM sparfloxacin. The immobilised catalyst was easily regenerated using a dilute solution of NaBH4 (0.5 mM). Interestingly, this immobilised catalyst at carbon cloth also facilitated the electrochemical detection of sparfloxacin, with an impressive LOD of 14.0 nM.