Alkyl glycosides (AGs), commonly used nonionic surfactants, may have toxic effects on the environmental organisms. However, the complex concentration-response patterns of AGs with varying alkyl side chains and their mixtures have not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, the luminescence inhibition toxicities of six AGs with different alkyl side chains, namely, ethyl (AG02), butyl (AG04), hexyl (AG06), octyl (AG08), decyl (AG10), and dodecyl (AG12) glucosides, were determined in Vibrio qinghaiensis sp. -Q67 (Q67) at 0.25, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h. The six AGs exhibited time- and side-chain-dependent nonmonotonic concentration- responses toward Q67. AG02, with a short side chain, presented a concentration-response curve (CRC) with two peaks after 6 h and stimulated the luminescence of Q67 at both 6 and 9 h. AG04, AG06, and AG08 showed S-shaped CRCs at five exposure time points, and their toxicities increased with the side-chain length. AG10 and AG12, with long side chains, exhibited hormesis at 9 and 12 h. Molecular docking was performed to explore the mechanism governing the possible influence of AGs on the luminescence response. The effects of AGs on Q67 could be attributed to multiple luminescence-regulatory proteins, including LuxA, LuxC, LuxD, LuxG, LuxI, and LuxR. Notably, LuxR was identified as the primary binding protein among the six AGs. Given that they may co-exist, binary mixtures of AG10 and AG12 were designed to explore their concentration-response patterns and interactions. The results revealed that all AG10-AG12 binary mixture rays showed time-dependent hormesis on Q67, similar to that shown by their individual components. The interactions of these binary mixtures were mainly characterized by low-concentration additive action and high-concentration synergism at different times.

2023-07-01·International journal of biological macromolecules

Structural characterization and in vitro hepatoprotective activity of a novel antioxidant polysaccharide from fruiting bodies of the mushroom Pleurotus ferulae

Article

作者: Muhaxi, Muguli ; Liu, Fang ; Ng, Tzi Bun

In the present study, three novel antioxidant polysaccharides (G-1, AG-1, and AG-2) were isolated and purified from Pleurotus ferulae using mouse erythrocyte hemolysis inhibitory activity as an indicator. These components showed antioxidant activity at the chemical and cellular levels. Given that G-1 displayed superior performance in protecting the human hepatocyte L02 cells against oxidative damage caused by H₂O₂ compared to AG-1 and AG-2 and had a higher yield and purification rate, the detailed structure of G-1 was further characterized. G-1 mainly contains six kinds of linkage type units as A: →4,6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, B: →3)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, C: →2,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, d: β-d-Manp(1→, E: →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, F: →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. Finally, the potential in vitro hepatoprotective mechanism of G-1 was discussed and elucidated. Results suggested that G-1 can protect L02 cells from H₂O₂-induced damage by reducing the leakage of AST and ALT from the cytoplasm, enhancing the activities of SOD and CAT, and suppressing lipid peroxidation and production of LDH. G-1 could further reduce the production of ROS, stabilize mitochondrial membrane potential and maintain cell morphology. Hence, G-1 could be a valuable functional food with antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities.

2018-11-26·Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)1区 · 化学

Homo‐ and Heteroligand Poly‐NHC Metal Assemblies: Synthesis by Narcissistic and Social Self‐Sorting

1区 · 化学

Article

作者: Hahn, F. Ekkehardt ; Wang, Yao‐Yu ; Feng, Ting ; Wang, Yi‐Shou ; Han, Ying‐Feng

Abstract:

Homoleptic and heteroleptic cylinder‐shaped poly‐NHC metallosupramolecular assemblies [Ag3(L)2](BF4)3 have been prepared by control of the shape, size, and electronic properties of disk‐shaped trisimidazolium salts of type H3‐L(BF4)3. Both imidazolium salts with an electron‐deficient triazine backbone H3‐A(BF4)3 or an electron‐rich benzene backbone H3‐D(BF4)3 have been employed. Reaction of H3‐A(BF4)3 or H3‐D(BF4)3 with Ag2O yield trinuclear homoligand complexes [Ag3(L)2](BF4)3 (L=A, D). However, equimolar mixtures of H3‐A(BF4)3 and H3‐D(BF4)3 react with Ag2O under social self‐sorting to give the heteroligand assembly [Ag3(A)(D)](BF4)3. The same heteroligand assembly was obtained by transmetallation from mixtures of complexes [Ag3(A)2](BF4)3 and [Ag3(D)2](BF4)3. The transmetallation from [Ag3(A)(D)](BF4)3 to [Au3(A)(D)](BF4)3 is also demonstrated. The study expands to concepts of narcissistic and social self‐sorting from classical Werner‐type ligands to organometallic NHC chemistry thereby opening new routes for the construction of poly‐NHC metal assemblies with increasing complexity.

100 项与 AG 02 saporin conjugate 相关的药物交易

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