Article
作者: Elsayed, Ahmed H ; Abdelhamed, Mohamed R ; Tarabulsi, Muyassar K ; Gameil, Dalia M ; Rashed, Khalid A ; Eltrawy, Heba H ; Hassouba, Mohamed ; Alharbi, Mohanned T ; Almoraie, Laila M ; Ashraf, Bassem ; Haridi, Mohammed K ; Selim, Dalia M ; Hashem, Mustafa I A ; Sorour, Ehab I ; Massoud, Yasmine M ; Salem, Hanan F ; Omar, Walaa E ; Yousif, Yousif M ; El-Gaaly, Sonya A A ; Boraey, Naglaa F ; Ibraheem, Ahmed A A ; Attia, Mohamed Atif ; Saleh, Ahmed S E ; Nagshabandi, Mohammed K ; Abd-Elrehim, Ghada A B ; Elhindawy, Eman M ; Ibrahim, Mona Yousri ; Soliman, Attia A ; Wahba, Ali A ; Abd El Lateef, Hanan M ; Attaya, Mona S M ; Shehata, Hassan ; Abdallah, Amany M ; Qashqary, Mohammed Esmail ; Rashad, Manal M ; Malek, Mai M ; Ahmed, Mohamed F ; Abdelhady, Eman M ; Fouad, Rania A ; Morsi, Walaa E M A ; El-Deeb, Nahawand A ; Afify, Mona R ; Emam, Ahmed A ; Alanwar, Mohamed I ; Abdelkhalek, Khalil ; Ahmed, Amani A ; Shehab, Mohamed M M ; Nabil, Rehab M ; Razek, Suzan A ; Bebars, Marwa A ; Fakhreldin, Ahmed R
Background:Given the sparse data on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and its biological effector molecules ACE1 and ACE2 in pediatric COVID-19 cases, we investigated whether the ACE1 insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism could be a genetic marker for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents.
Methods:This was a case-control study included four hundred sixty patients diagnosed with COVID-19, and 460 well-matched healthy control children and adolescents. The I/D polymorphism (rs1799752) in the ACE1 gene was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), meanwhile the ACE serum concentrations were assessed by ELISA.
Results:The ACE1 D/D genotype and Deletion allele were significantly more represented in patients with COVID-19 compared to the control group (55% vs. 28%; OR = 2.4; [95% CI: 1.46–3.95]; for the DD genotype; P = 0.002) and (68% vs. 52.5%; OR: 1.93; [95% CI: 1.49–2.5] for the D allele; P = 0.032). The presence of ACE1 D/D genotype was an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 among studied patients (adjusted OR: 2.6; [95% CI: 1.6–9.7]; P < 0.001.
Conclusions:The ACE1 insertion/deletion polymorphism may confer susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in Egyptian children and adolescents.
Impact:Recent studies suggested a crucial role of renin-angiotensin system and its biological effector molecules ACE1 and ACE2 in the pathogenesis and progression of COVID-19.To our knowledge, ours is the first study to investigate the association of ACE1 I/D polymorphism and susceptibility to COVID-19 in Caucasian children and adolescents.The presence of the ACE1 D/D genotype or ACE1 Deletion allele may confer susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and being associated with higher ACE serum levels; may constitute independent risk factors for severe COVID-19.The ACE1 I/D genotyping help design further clinical trials reconsidering RAS-pathway antagonists to achieve more efficient targeted therapies.
