Interactive effects of solvent extraction and drying methods on LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS-based characterization of bioactive phenolics and antioxidant activities in duckweed (Wolffia globosa)

作者: Baidya, Sampa ; Biswas, Pradyut ; Patel, Arun Bhai ; Yadav, Nitesh Kumar

The combination of drying methods and solvent media used profoundly impact quant. and qual. recovery, as well as the concentration of specific spectra of bioactive compoundsThe study evaluated individual and interactive impacts of drying methods and solvent media on bioactive compounds and bioactivities from Wolffia globosa (wolffia), namely phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, tannins, vis-a-vis antioxidant activities with an aim to determine the best combination for the target bioactive spectra.The bioactive compounds from oven dried (OD), sun dried (SD) and freeze dried (FD) wolffia were extracted using three solvent media viz. 100% ethanol, 50% aqueous ethanol, and water.The results indicated that combination of FD and 100% ethanol yielded the highest quantity of total phenolic content (TPC; 830.40 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (TFC; 91.02 mg QE/g), total tannin content (TTC; 18.44 mg TAE/g), total carotenoid content (TCC; 2.34 mg/g), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a; 17.95 mg/g), and exhibited the highest DPPH· (74.01%), ABTS+· (79.66%) and FRAP (1545.87μM FeSO4/g) antioxidant activities.The highest chlorophyll-b (Chl-b; 5.75 mg/g) was found in FD samples extracted with water.Significant individual as well as interactive impacts of drying methods and solvent media were evident for extraction yield, total phenolic compounds and total tannin content and antioxidant activities namely DPPH & FRAP.However, only individual impacts but no interactive effects were evident with respect to TFC, TCC, and ABTS+· antioxidant activity.This study demonstrated that FD combined with 100% ethanol extraction effectively preserved majority of unstable bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities.Metabolite profiling of extracts from differently dried samples for 100% ethanol identified 67 unique compounds, including 12 phenolic acids, 20 flavonoids, and 35 other polyphenols, with 44, 30, and 35 unique compounds in FD, SD, and OD, resp.This study demonstrated that FD combined with 100% ethanol extraction was highly effective in preserving unstable bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities.

2024-11-01·South African Journal of Botany

Evaluation of bioactive compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Bulbophyllum griffithii (Lindl.) Rchb.f., an unexplored rare orchid of therapeutic importance

作者: Targu, Mihin ; Joshi, Santa Ram ; Arora, Mamta ; Pun, Bishal ; Kumaria, Suman

The present study deals with the medicinal values of Bulbophyllum griffithii (Lindl.) Rchb.f., a rare and unexplored ethnomedicinal orchid, whose therapeutic applications have been included in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-resolution liquid chromatog. mass spectrometry (HR-LCMS) carried out detected over 100 bioactive compounds belonging to different classes like sesquiterpenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, coumarins, fatty acids, and antibiotics to be present in different tissues of B. griffithii.The analyzed compounds are reported to possess anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-aging, and antimicrobial properties.Further, the phytochem. contents and antioxidant activity of the tissue extracts were found to be highest in methanol as compared to other solvents.The root tissue extract was found to contain the highest phenolics (25.93±0.32 mg g^-1) and tannins (19.53±0.34 mg g^-1), while the leaf tissue extract had the highest content of flavonoids (20.72±0.36 mg g^-1).The antioxidant activity estimated by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and metal chelating activity (MCA) assays, as well as half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays were found to be maximum for the root tissue extract (DPPH value 44.36±0.42 μg/mL; ABTS value 61.25±0.79 μg/mL).Assessment of the antibacterial activity of B. griffithii using the root and pseudobulb tissue extracts showed a broad-spectrum of antagonistic activity against gram-neg. and gram-pos. pathogenic bacteria whereas the leaf tissue extract exhibited poor antibacterial activity.The correlation matrixes, including the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and Principal component anal. (PCA), showed that the phenolics and flavonoids present in B. griffithii tissue extracts were pos. correlated with its radical scavenging power, while antibiotics such as carbenicillin, armillarinin, kolanone, salinomycin, and phytosphingosine provided bacterial inhibition activity.Hence, this study is highly significant as it establishes and validates the medicinal properties of B. griffithii, which has not been explored so far.

2024-04-03·International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)

Phytoconstituents of Cassia auriculata Linn inhibits the inflammatory enzymes (5-LOX, COX-1 and COX-2): An insilico study to identify anti-inflammatory drug candidates

作者: Babu, R. L. ; Biradar, Shivaleela ; Hipparagi, Tejaswini

Inflammation is the most essential part of bodys immune system and responsible for diseases manifestation in asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, allergy, aging, autoimmune diseases and etc.During of these conditions, many cytokines were regulated.The pro-inflammatory cytokines perform an essential function in development of an effective defense against disease infections and progression.Along with cytokines many enzymes play a critical role in regulation of inflammation.The enzymes such as 5-LOX, COX-1 and COX-2 are vital targets.Objective of study is to comprehensive screening of highly potential and precise phytoconstituents from ethnomedicinally important Cassia auriculata Linn which may have potential inhibitors for pro-inflammatory targets.Methanol extract of Cassia auriculata Linn leaf was subjected to HR-LCMS anal.The phytochem. signature was analyzed and 85 phytochems. are taken for the mol. docking studies with pro-inflammatory markers.After, through screening 10 compounds were showing good binding energy with hydrogen bond interaction with all three targets.Further, these compounds were subjected to ADME property prediction, wherein 6 compounds were showing the parameter values within acceptable range.Toxicity prediction reveals the 5 compounds are non-toxic.Insilico investigations revealed that 5 phytoconstituents namely Gallic acid; 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, Kaempferol; N-(3-Benzooxazol-2-yl-4- hydroxy-phenyl)-2-ptolyloxyacetamide; and Glycophymoline of Cassia auriculata Linn methanol leaf extract are potentially inhibiting the inflammatory enzymes.The study identified the precise phytoconstituents from Cassia auriculata Linn for anti-inflammatory activity.

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