Hepatocellular carcinoma is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Owing to the current epidemic of metabolic syndrome, the population affected by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis continues to increase and now comprises a significant portion with those with hepatocellular carcinoma. The World Health Organization goal of obtaining universal hepatitis B virus vaccination has led to a global effort to improve vaccination, prevent mother-to-child transmission, and implement linkage to care to avoid the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast with the decreased burden of chronic hepatitis C virus, there has been an increase in new-onset acute hepatitis C virus.

Vaccines

Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Serologic Response to Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination among Heavy Industry Workers

Article

作者: Chae, Chang-Ho ; Kim, Si-Ho

Introduction. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination has decreased the overall incidence of HBV infection; however, approximately 5 to 10% of people are non-responders to the vaccination. This study investigated the factors associated with non-response to HBV vaccination, with an emphasis on vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Methods. This retrospective observational study focused on adult workers in a single heavy industry. Individuals with negative initial hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) levels prior to vaccination and who then received a two- or three-dose series of HBV vaccinations were enrolled. The study endpoint was failure to achieve a seroprotective antibody response, defined as an anti-HBs titer less than 10 mIU/mL. Propensity score matching (PSM) and binary logistic regression models were used to adjust the outcomes for other clinical characteristics. Results. Among 760 workers, 566 (74.5%) exhibited VDD. The non-response rates to HBV vaccination were 13.4% (76/566) and 5.7% (11/194) among workers with and without VDD, respectively (p = 0.005). Even after adjustment using PSM, VDD was still associated with a higher rate of response failure (adjusted odds ratio 2.74; 95% confidence interval 1.40–5.38, p = 0.003). The binary logistic regression model showed that VDD, older age, omission of the third vaccine dose, lower initial anti-HBs titer, and current smoking were associated with response failure. Conclusions. Our study suggests that VDD may impair the serologic response following HBV vaccination. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in increasing the response to HBV vaccination.

Vaccines

Comparative Immunogenicity of a High-Dose Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Vaccine with Rapid Immunization vs. Standard Schedule in HBV Vaccine—Naïve Adults Aged 25–55 in China

Article

作者: Qiu, Qian ; Liu, Xiuying ; Pang, Xinghuo ; Zhang, Wei ; Wang, Huai

The 20 μg (0–1–6 month) hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is widely recommended for HBV vaccine-naïve immune adults in China. However, suboptimal protective responses may occur due to dose-series incompletion. We aim to investigate the immunogenicity of a 60 μg HB vaccine with a 0–2 month series among HBV vaccine-naïve immune adults aged 25–55 to assess potential alternative approaches for HB immunization. A two-center randomized controlled trial was carried out. Participants were randomly allocated to either the 20 μg (0–1–6 month) or the 60 μg (0–2 month) regimen. Blood samples were collected eight weeks after the final injection to measure the antibodies. A total of 583 adults (289 in the 20 μg regimen and 294 in the 60 μg regimen) were included. The seroprotection rates (SPRs) were 97.23% and 93.54% in the 20 μg and 60 μg regimens, respectively (p = 0.0261), and the geometric mean concentrations were 600.76 mIU/mL and 265.68 mIU/mL, respectively (p < 0.0001). The immunogenicity of the 60 μg regimen decreased significantly with age, particularly in adults aged 40 and older. The 60 μg regimen may be beneficial for adults under 40, especially those with poor compliance or in urgent need of immunization.

100 项与 Hepatitis B virus(ViroStatics) 相关的药物交易

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