更新于：2024-11-01

Pinta

品他病

更新于：2024-11-01

基本信息

别名

AZUL、Azul、CARATE

+ [28]

简介

An infectious disease of the skin caused by Treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere. Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is characterized by marked changes in the skin color and is believed to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact.

关联

项与品他病相关的临床试验

IRCT201205029618N1 / Completed临床2期IIT

Formulation and Clinical Trial of a Traditional Dosage Form for Skin Depigmentation and Comparison to a Marketed Preparation in Two Groups of Patients Suffering From Vitiligo

开始日期2012-08-05

申办/合作机构-

100 项与品他病相关的临床结果

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100 项与品他病相关的转化医学

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0 项与品他病相关的专利（医药）

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项与品他病相关的文献（医药）

2020-05-01·American Journal of Physical Anthropology2区 · 地球科学

Advancing the understanding of treponemal disease in the past and present

2区 · 地球科学

Review

作者: Mabey, David C. ; Stone, Anne C. ; Gregoricka, Lesley A. ; Lee, Christine ; Henneberg, Maciej ; Crane‐Kramer, Gillian ; Stodder, Ann L. W. ; Baker, Brenda J. ; Dee, Michael W. ; Lukehart, Sheila A. ; Roberts, Charlotte A. ; Winingear, Stevie

AbstractSyphilis was perceived to be a new disease in Europe in the late 15th century, igniting a debate about its origin that continues today in anthropological, historical, and medical circles. We move beyond this age‐old debate using an interdisciplinary approach that tackles broader questions to advance the understanding of treponemal infection (syphilis, yaws, bejel, and pinta). How did the causative organism(s) and humans co‐evolve? How did the related diseases caused by Treponema pallidum emerge in different parts of the world and affect people across both time and space? How are T. pallidum subspecies related to the treponeme causing pinta? The current state of scholarship in specific areas is reviewed with recommendations made to stimulate future work. Understanding treponemal biology, genetic relationships, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations is crucial for vaccine development today and for investigating the distribution of infection in both modern and past populations. Paleopathologists must improve diagnostic criteria and use a standard approach for recording skeletal lesions on archaeological human remains. Adequate contextualization of cultural and environmental conditions is necessary, including site dating and justification for any corrections made for marine or freshwater reservoir effects. Biogeochemical analyses may assess aquatic contributions to diet, physiological changes arising from treponemal disease and its treatments (e.g., mercury), or residential mobility of those affected. Shifting the focus from point of origin to investigating who is affected (e.g., by age/sex or socioeconomic status) and disease distribution (e.g., coastal/ inland, rural/urban) will advance our understanding of the treponemal disease and its impact on people through time.

2018-07-01·Infection, Genetics and Evolution3区 · 医学

Genetics of human and animal uncultivable treponemal pathogens

3区 · 医学

Review

作者: Strouhal, Michal ; Šmajs, David ; Knauf, Sascha

Treponema pallidum is an uncultivable bacterium and the causative agent of syphilis (subsp. pallidum [TPA]), human yaws (subsp. pertenue [TPE]), and bejel (subsp. endemicum). Several species of nonhuman primates in Africa are infected by treponemes genetically undistinguishable from known human TPE strains. Besides Treponema pallidum, the equally uncultivable Treponema carateum causes pinta in humans. In lagomorphs, Treponema paraluisleporidarum ecovar Cuniculus and ecovar Lepus are the causative agents of rabbit and hare syphilis, respectively. All uncultivable pathogenic treponemes harbor a relatively small chromosome (1.1334-1.1405 Mbp) and show gene synteny with minimal genetic differences (>98% identity at the DNA level) between subspecies and species. While uncultivable pathogenic treponemes contain a highly conserved core genome, there are a number of highly variable and/or recombinant chromosomal loci. This is also reflected in the occurrence of intrastrain heterogeneity (genetic diversity within an infecting bacterial population). Molecular differences at several different chromosomal loci identified among TPA strains or isolates have been used for molecular typing and the epidemiological characterization of syphilis isolates. This review summarizes genome structure of uncultivable pathogenic treponemes including genetically variable regions.

2014-10-01·Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene4区 · 医学

Endemic treponemal diseases

4区 · 医学

Article

作者: Mabey, David C ; Solomon, Anthony W ; Marks, Michael

The endemic treponemal diseases, consisting of yaws, bejel (endemic syphilis) and pinta, are non-venereal infections closely related to syphilis, and are recognized by WHO as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Despite previous worldwide eradication efforts the prevalence of yaws has rebounded in recent years and the disease is now a major public health problem in 14 countries. Adequate data on the epidemiology of bejel and pinta is lacking. Each disease is restricted to a specific ecological niche but all predominantly affect poor, rural communities. As with venereal syphilis, the clinical manifestations of the endemic treponemal diseases are variable and can be broken down in to early stage and late stage disease. Current diagnostic techniques are unable to distinguish the different causative species but newer molecular techniques are now making this possible. Penicillin has long been considered the mainstay of treatment for the endemic treponemal diseases but the recent discovery that azithromycin is effective in the treatment of yaws has renewed interest in these most neglected of the NTDs, and raised hopes that global eradication may finally be possible.

项与品他病相关的新闻（医药）

2022-07-26

·生物制品圈

柳叶刀环球健康发表重磅文章：加速中国肿瘤患者死亡的23个潜在因素！

中国的癌症负担极为严重！据测算，2022年，中国癌症的新发病例数是美国的2倍，而癌症死亡病例数将高达美国的5倍！人口老龄化、生活环境和生活习惯等对癌症死亡的影响不可忽视。为了精确的、可量化的找出癌症暴露的风险因素，为国家及各省市提供癌症控制计划，由国家癌症中心/中国医学科学院肿瘤医院的赫捷院士和陈万青教授牵头，以中国大陆（不包括台湾、香港和澳门）31个省、自治区和直辖市（以下简称省）成年癌症患者为研究对象，选取行为、饮食、代谢、环境和感染性因素五个分类下的23个风险因素进行比较风险评估，并从省份、年龄和性别三个维度分析。首先，基于国际癌症研究机构（IARC）、世界癌症研究基金会（WCRF）和糖尿病相关荟萃分析的伞形评价（umbrella reviews）的数据，选取了23个风险因素。这23个风险因素，看看你占了几个？图1-23个可修正的风险因素从各省总体癌症死亡率上看，因可修正风险因素导致男性死亡率最高的五大省份依次为：广东、黑龙江、湖北、吉林、海南，男性死亡率最低的五大省份分别为：上海、新疆、西藏、北京、河北。图2-不同省份因可修正风险因素导致20岁及以上男性死亡数量排名及比率在女性方面，因可修正风险因素导致女性死亡率最高的五大省份依次为：黑龙江、吉林、天津、内蒙古、宁夏，女性死亡率最低的五大省份分别为：上海、云南、江苏、福建、江西。图3-不同省份因可修正风险因素导致20岁及以上女性死亡数量排名及比率按癌症部位划分，所有危险因素中PAF*最高的癌症（>70%）为Kaposi肉瘤、鼻咽癌，除此之外，男性的肛门、口咽癌、肝癌、喉癌和肺癌PAF较高，女性的宫颈癌、肛门癌、阴道癌、口咽癌、喉癌PAF较高。*PAFs：人群归因分数（population-attributable fractions）-如果某个暴露取消，结局会减少的百分比从独立风险因素来看，男同胞们需要额外关注吸烟、HBV感染、低水果摄入量、饮酒和PM2.5的影响，而低水果摄入量、HBV感染、吸烟、超重和HPV感染女同胞们需要更加关注的风险因素。以年龄的维度来看，行为因素对老年癌症患者的影响较大，其中PAF在50-54岁的男性和65-69岁的女性中最高；感染性因素对30-54岁的人群影响较大，其中PAF在35-39岁的人群中最高；饮食因素和环境因素的PAF随年龄增长而增加；代谢因素的PAF在40-44岁年龄组男性和50-54岁年龄组女性中最高。风险因素对癌症患者的影响呈现以50岁为分界的差异：在50岁之前，男性的PAF高于女性，但在大约50岁之后，这种模式发生了逆转。图4-中国大陆男性和女性归因于潜在可修正风险因素的癌症死亡的年龄特异性分布值得注意的是，在中国20岁及以上的成人中，103.6万人（45.2%）的癌症死亡是归因于这些可控风险因素，也就是说，避免这些风险因素，这部分癌症患者的死亡或许是可以避免的。在全国范围内，吸烟、感染性因素和不良饮食习惯是造成癌症负担的最大因素，因此，在日常生活中，关注这23个风险因素，养成良好的生活习惯，远离癌症死亡！Wanqing Chen,et al. Disparities by province, age, and sex in site-specific cancer burden attributable to 23 potentially modifiable risk factors in China: a comparative risk assessment[J].Lancet Glob Health 2019; 7: e257–69